Metaheuristic Algorithms for Decoding Binary Linear Codes
This paper introduces two decoders for binary linear
codes based on Metaheuristics. The first one uses a genetic algorithm
and the second is based on a combination genetic algorithm with
a feed forward neural network. The decoder based on the genetic
algorithms (DAG) applied to BCH and convolutional codes give good
performances compared to Chase-2 and Viterbi algorithm respectively
and reach the performances of the OSD-3 for some Residue
Quadratic (RQ) codes. This algorithm is less complex for linear
block codes of large block length; furthermore their performances
can be improved by tuning the decoder-s parameters, in particular the
number of individuals by population and the number of generations.
In the second algorithm, the search space, in contrast to DAG which
was limited to the code word space, now covers the whole binary
vector space. It tries to elude a great number of coding operations
by using a neural network. This reduces greatly the complexity of
the decoder while maintaining comparable performances.
[1] G. C. Clarck, J.B. Cain , "Error-Correction Coding for Digital Communications",
New York Plenum, 1981
[2] G.D. Forney, Jr., "Generalized Minimum Distance Decoding", IEEE
Transactions on Information Theory, vol. IT-12, pp. 125-131, April 1966
[3] Ja-Ling Wu, Yuen-Hsien Tseng, and Yuh-Ming Huang, "Neural Networks
Decoders for Linear Block Codes", International Journal of
Computational Engineering Science, vol.3, No.3, pp.235-255, 2002
[4] M.P.C. Fossorier and S. lin, "Soft decision decoding of linear block
codes based on ordered statistics", IEEE Trans. information theory Vol.
41, pp. 1379-1396, sep. 1995.
[5] H. Morelos-Zaragoza, "The Art of Error Correcting Coding", Second
Edition Robert , John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-470-01558-6, 2006
[6] F. El Bouanani, H. Berbia, M. Belkasmi, H. Ben-azza, "Comparaison
des d'ecodeurs de Chase, l-OSD et ceux bas'es sur les algorithmes
g'en'etiques", GRETSI 2007, Troyes, French 11-14, September 2007
[7] H. Berbia, F.El Bouanani, M.Belkasmi, F.Ayoub, R.Romadi, "Optimisation
des performances d-un dcodeur a base d-algorithmes g'en'etiques",
Wotic07, Rabat 5-6 July 2007, Maroc
[8] M. Belkasmi, H. Berbia, F. El Bouanani, "Iterative decoding of product
block codes based on genetic algorithms", SCC 2008, 14-16 January
2008, Ulm Germany
[9] Y. S. Han, C. R. P. Hartmann, and C.-C. Chen, "Efficient maximumlikelihood
soft-decision decoding of linear block codes using algorithm
A*", Technical Report SU-CIS-91-42, School of Computer and Information
Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, December
1991
[10] J. Holland, "Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems", University
of Michigan Press 1975.
[11] H.S. Maini, K. G. Mehrotra,C. Mohan, S. Ranka, "Genetic Algorithms
for Soft Decision Decoding of Linear Block Codes", Journal of Evolutionary
Computation, Vol.2, No.2, pp.145-164, Nov.1994
[12] A.G. Scandura,A.L.Daipra,L.Arnone,L.Passoni,J.C. Moreira, "AGenetic
Algorithm Based Decoder for Low Density Parity Check Codes" Latn
American Applied Research 2006
[13] D. E. Goldberg, "Genetic Algorithms in search, Optimization, and
machine learning", Addison-Wesly, Reading M.A, 1989.
[14] G. Cybencko ,"Approximation by superpositions of a sigmo¨ıdal function,"
Mathematics of Control, signals and systems, 2, pp. 303-314,
1989.
[15] M.T. Mitchell ,"Machine learning," New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies,
1997.
[16] H. Berbia, M. Belkasmi, F. El Bouanani, F. Ayoub, "On the decoding of
convolutional codes using genetic algorithms", Intern. Conf. on Computer
and Commun. Engineering ICCCE-2008, pp 667-671, Malaysia,
2008
[17] H. Berbia, F.El Bouanani, M.Belkasmi, F.Ayoub, R.Romadi, "An Enhanced
Genetic Algorithm Based Decoder for Linear Codes," ICTTA-08
, Damascus, Syria, 2008
[1] G. C. Clarck, J.B. Cain , "Error-Correction Coding for Digital Communications",
New York Plenum, 1981
[2] G.D. Forney, Jr., "Generalized Minimum Distance Decoding", IEEE
Transactions on Information Theory, vol. IT-12, pp. 125-131, April 1966
[3] Ja-Ling Wu, Yuen-Hsien Tseng, and Yuh-Ming Huang, "Neural Networks
Decoders for Linear Block Codes", International Journal of
Computational Engineering Science, vol.3, No.3, pp.235-255, 2002
[4] M.P.C. Fossorier and S. lin, "Soft decision decoding of linear block
codes based on ordered statistics", IEEE Trans. information theory Vol.
41, pp. 1379-1396, sep. 1995.
[5] H. Morelos-Zaragoza, "The Art of Error Correcting Coding", Second
Edition Robert , John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-470-01558-6, 2006
[6] F. El Bouanani, H. Berbia, M. Belkasmi, H. Ben-azza, "Comparaison
des d'ecodeurs de Chase, l-OSD et ceux bas'es sur les algorithmes
g'en'etiques", GRETSI 2007, Troyes, French 11-14, September 2007
[7] H. Berbia, F.El Bouanani, M.Belkasmi, F.Ayoub, R.Romadi, "Optimisation
des performances d-un dcodeur a base d-algorithmes g'en'etiques",
Wotic07, Rabat 5-6 July 2007, Maroc
[8] M. Belkasmi, H. Berbia, F. El Bouanani, "Iterative decoding of product
block codes based on genetic algorithms", SCC 2008, 14-16 January
2008, Ulm Germany
[9] Y. S. Han, C. R. P. Hartmann, and C.-C. Chen, "Efficient maximumlikelihood
soft-decision decoding of linear block codes using algorithm
A*", Technical Report SU-CIS-91-42, School of Computer and Information
Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, December
1991
[10] J. Holland, "Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems", University
of Michigan Press 1975.
[11] H.S. Maini, K. G. Mehrotra,C. Mohan, S. Ranka, "Genetic Algorithms
for Soft Decision Decoding of Linear Block Codes", Journal of Evolutionary
Computation, Vol.2, No.2, pp.145-164, Nov.1994
[12] A.G. Scandura,A.L.Daipra,L.Arnone,L.Passoni,J.C. Moreira, "AGenetic
Algorithm Based Decoder for Low Density Parity Check Codes" Latn
American Applied Research 2006
[13] D. E. Goldberg, "Genetic Algorithms in search, Optimization, and
machine learning", Addison-Wesly, Reading M.A, 1989.
[14] G. Cybencko ,"Approximation by superpositions of a sigmo¨ıdal function,"
Mathematics of Control, signals and systems, 2, pp. 303-314,
1989.
[15] M.T. Mitchell ,"Machine learning," New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies,
1997.
[16] H. Berbia, M. Belkasmi, F. El Bouanani, F. Ayoub, "On the decoding of
convolutional codes using genetic algorithms", Intern. Conf. on Computer
and Commun. Engineering ICCCE-2008, pp 667-671, Malaysia,
2008
[17] H. Berbia, F.El Bouanani, M.Belkasmi, F.Ayoub, R.Romadi, "An Enhanced
Genetic Algorithm Based Decoder for Linear Codes," ICTTA-08
, Damascus, Syria, 2008
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:62456", author = "Hassan Berbia and Faissal Elbouanani and Rahal Romadi and Mostafa Belkasmi", title = "Metaheuristic Algorithms for Decoding Binary Linear Codes", abstract = "This paper introduces two decoders for binary linear
codes based on Metaheuristics. The first one uses a genetic algorithm
and the second is based on a combination genetic algorithm with
a feed forward neural network. The decoder based on the genetic
algorithms (DAG) applied to BCH and convolutional codes give good
performances compared to Chase-2 and Viterbi algorithm respectively
and reach the performances of the OSD-3 for some Residue
Quadratic (RQ) codes. This algorithm is less complex for linear
block codes of large block length; furthermore their performances
can be improved by tuning the decoder-s parameters, in particular the
number of individuals by population and the number of generations.
In the second algorithm, the search space, in contrast to DAG which
was limited to the code word space, now covers the whole binary
vector space. It tries to elude a great number of coding operations
by using a neural network. This reduces greatly the complexity of
the decoder while maintaining comparable performances.", keywords = "Block code, decoding, methaheuristic, genetic algorithm,neural network", volume = "5", number = "4", pages = "560-7", }