Kinetic and Removable of Amoxicillin Using Aliquat336 as a Carrier via a HFSLM

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic which is widely used to treat various infections in both human beings and animals. However, when amoxicillin is released into the environment, it is a major problem. Amoxicillin causes bacterial resistance to these drugs and failure of treatment with antibiotics. Liquid membrane is of great interest as a promising method for the separation and recovery of the target ions from aqueous solutions due to the use of carriers for the transport mechanism, resulting in highly selectivity and rapid transportation of the desired metal ions. The simultaneous processes of extraction and stripping in a single unit operation of liquid membrane system are very interesting. Therefore, it is practical to apply liquid membrane, particularly the HFSLM for industrial applications as HFSLM is proved to be a separation process with lower capital and operating costs, low energy and extractant with long life time, high selectivity and high fluxes compared with solid membranes. It is a simple design amenable to scaling up for industrial applications. The extraction and recovery for (Amoxicillin) through the hollow fiber supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) using aliquat336 as a carrier were explored with the experimental data. The important variables affecting on transport of amoxicillin viz. extractant concentration and operating time were investigated. The highest AMOX- extraction percentages of 85.35 and Amoxicillin stripping of 80.04 were achieved with the best condition at 6 mmol/L [aliquat336] and operating time 100 min. The extraction reaction order (n) and the extraction reaction rate constant (kf) were found to be 1.00 and 0.0344 min-1, respectively.

Authors:

• Teerapon Pirom
• Ura Pancharoen

Keywords:

• Aliquat336
• amoxicillin
• HFSLM
• kinetic.

References:

[1] G. Moulin, P. Cavalie, I. Pellanne, A. Chevance, A. Laval, Y.
Millemann, A comparison of antimicrobial usage in human and
veterinary medicine in France from 1999 to 2005, Antimicrobial Agents
and Chemotherapy, 62:617–625, 2008.
[2] P. Jepsen, A population-based study of maternal use of amoxicillin and
pregnancy outcome in Denmark, British Journal of Clinical
Pharmacology, 55:216–221, 2003.
[3] J.C. Jimejnez, Low Bioavailability of Amoxicillin in Rats as a
Consequence of Presystemic Degradation in the Intestine, Antimicrobial
agents and chemotherapy, 38:842-847, 1994.
[4] S.-z. Li, X.-y. Li, D.-z. Wang, Membrane (RO-UF) filtration for
antibiotic wastewater treatment and recovery of antibiotics, Separation
and Purification Technology, 34:109-114, 2004. [5] H. Goossens, M. Ferech, R.V. Stichele, M. Elseviers, Outpatient
antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national
database study. Lancet, 365:579–587, 2005.
[6] K. Kümmerer, A. Henninger, Promoting resistance by the emission of
antibiotics from hospitals and households into effluent, Clinical
Microbiology and Infection, 9:1203–1214, 2003.
[7] S. Yang, K. Carlson, Evolution of antibiotic occurrence in a river
through pristine, urban and agricultural landscapes, Water Research
37:4645-4656, 2003.
[8] V. Homem, L. Santos, Degradation and removal methods of antibiotics
from aqueous matrices – a review, Journal of Environmental
Management, 92:2304–2347, 2011.
[9] D. Fatta-Kassinos, S. Meric, A. Nikolaou, Pharmaceutical residues in
environmental waters and wastewater: current state of knowledge and
future research. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 399:251–275,
2011.
[10] G.C. Sahoo, A.C. Ghosh, N.N. Dutta, Recovery of Cephalexin from
dilute solution in a bulk liquid membrane, Process Biochemistry,
32:265–272, 1997.
[11] G.C. Sahoo, N.N. Dutta, Studies on emulsion liquid membrane
extraction of Cephalexin, Journal of Membrane Science, 145:15–26,
1998.
[12] N. M. Kocherginsky, Q. Yang, L. Seelam, Recent advances in supported
liquid membrane technology, Separation and Purification Technology,
53:171–177, 2007.
[13] X. J. Yang, A.G. Fane, C. Pin, Separation of zirconium and hafnium
using hollow fibers Part I. Supported liquid membranes, Chemical
Engineering Journal, 88:37–44, 2002.
[14] Baker, R.W., Membrane technology and applications. Newyork:
McGraw-Hill, 2004.
[15] W. Patthaveekongka, N. Vijitchalermpong, U. Pancharoen, Selective
Recovery of Palladium from Used Aqua Regia by Hollow Fiber
Supported with Liquid Membrane, Korean Journal of Chemical
Engineering, 20:1092-1096, 2003.