Influence and Dissemination of Solecism among Moroccan High School and University Students
Mass media seem to provide a rich content for language acquisition. Exposure to television, the Internet, the mobile phone and other technological gadgets and devices helps enrich the student’s lexicon positively as well as negatively. The difficulties encountered by students while learning and acquiring second languages in addition to their eagerness to comprehend the content of a particular program prompt them to diversify their methods so as to achieve their targets. The present study highlights the significance of certain media channels and their involvement in language acquisition with the employment of the Natural Approach to further grasp whether students, especially secondary and high school students, learn and acquire errors through watching subtitled television programs. The chief objective is investigating the deductive and inductive relevance of certain programs beside the involvement of peripheral learning while acquiring mistakes.
[1] World Bank, “Morocco: Teachers. SABER Country Report 2016”. Retrieved from http://saber.worldbank.org/index.cfm?indx=2&ctrn=MA, 2016.
[2] G. Luyken, T. Herbst, J. Langham-Brown, H. Reid and H. Spinhof, “Overcoming language barriers in television: Dubbing and subtitling for the European audience”. Manchester, England: European Institute for the Media, 1991.
[3] R. Kilborn, “Speak my language': Current attitudes to television subtitling and dubbing”. Media, Culture, and Society, 15, pp. 641-660, 1993.
[4] J. Van Lil, “Beeld van een kind (Image of a child]”. Hilversum, The Netherlands: NOS (Report nr R88- 421), 1988.
[5] C. M. Koolstra, T. H. A. Van der Voort, and J.L. Th. van der Kamp, (1997). “Television's impact on children's reading comprehension and decoding skills: A 3-year panel study”. Reading Research Quarterly, 32, pp. 128-152, 1997.
[6] M. “Vinji, Kinderen praten Engels: Balans van het Engels aan het einde van de basisschool (Chil- dren speak English: Results of English lessons at the conclusion of the elementary school)”. JS W, 79(4), pp. 32- 35, 1994.
[7] G. d'Ydewalle, C. Praet, K. Verfaillie and J. van Rensbergen, “Watching subtitled television: Automatic reading behavior”. Communication Research, 18, pp. 650-666, 1991.
[8] G. d'Ydewalle, J. Van Rensbergen and J. Pollet, “Reading a message when the same message is available auditorily in another language: The case of subtitling”. In Eye movements from physiology to cognition, pp. 313-321, Elsevier, 1987.
[9] G. d’Ydewalle and I. Gielen, “Attention allocation with overlapping sound, image, and text”. In Eye movements and visual cognition, pp. 415-427, Springer, New York, NY, 1992.
[10] G. d'Ydewalle, L. Warlop and J. Van Rensbergen, “Television and attention: Differences between younger and older adults in the division of attention over different sources of TV information”. Medienpsychologie, 1, pp. 42-57, 1989.
[11] S.B. Neuman, and P. Koskinen, “Captioned televi- sion as comprehensible input: Effects of incidental word learning from context for language minority students”. Reading Research Quarterly, 27, pp. 95-106, 1992.
[12] G. d'Ydewalle and U. Pavakanun, “Acquisition of a second/foreign language by viewing a television program”. In P. Winterhoff-Spurk (Ed.), Psychology of media in Europe: The state of the art-perspectives for the future, pp. 51-64, Opladen, Germany: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1995.
[13] G. d'Ydewalle and U. Pavakanun, “Could enjoying a movie lead to language acquisition”. In P. Winterhoff-Spurk and T.H.A. van der Voort (Eds.), New horizons in media psychology: Research cooperation and projects in Europe, pp. 145-155, Opladen, Ger-many: Westdeutscher Verl, 1997.
[14] W. E. Lambert and O. Klineberg, “ Children’s views of foreign peoples: A cross national study”. New York: Appleton, 1967.
[15] D. N. Larsen, D. N and W. A. Smalley, Becoming bilingual: A guide to language learning. New Canadian, CT: Practical Anthropology, 1972.
[16] E. H. Lenneberg, Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley, 1967.
[17] G. d'Ydewalle and M. Van de Poel, “Incidental foreign-language acquisition by children watching subtitled television programs”. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 28(3), pp. 227-244, 1999.
[18] M. Van de Poel and G. d'Ydewalle, “Incidental foreign-language acquisition by children watching subtitled television programs”, 2001. Retrieved from https://limo.libis.be/primo explore/fulldisplay? docid=LIRIAS1785311&context=L&vid=Lirias&search_scope=Lirias&tab=default_tab&lang=en_US&fromSitemap=1.
[19] S. Van Lommel, A. Laenen and G. d'Ydewalle, “Foreign‐grammar acquisition while watching subtitled television programmes”. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(2), pp. 243-258, 2006.
[20] S. Krashen, Principles and practice in second language acquisition, 1982.
[21] C. F. Van Parreren, “Psychologische factoren bij het verwerven van de woordenschat van een vreemde taal (Psychological factors in foreign language vocabulary acquisition)”. Levende Talen, 239, pp. 159-169, 1967.
[22] P. Maftoon, H. Hamidi and S. N. Sarem, “The effects of CALL on vocabulary learning: A case of Iranian intermediate EFL learners”. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 3(4), pp. 19-30, 2015.
[23] Q. Li, “Incidental and intentional vocabulary learning: A case study of meaning-given, meaning-inferred with MC, and pure meaning-inferred methods on the retention of L2 word meanings in a Chinese university”. Education Journal, 2(4), pp. 138-148, 2013.
[24] J. Pardun Carol, Advertising and Society: An Introduction, 2014.
[25] J.C. Richard and R. SSchmidt,Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics (3rd ed.). London: Longman, 2002.
[26] G. Mehmet, S. Burcu and A. Bulent, “The effect of peripheral learning applied in English instruction on English idioms learning”. IJER, 3(30), 19-34, 2012.
[27] F.A. Allen, Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
[28] W.E. Nagy, R.C. Anderson and P.A. Herman, “Learning word meanings from context during normal reading”. American Educational Research Journal, 24(2), pp. 237-270, 1987.
[29] T. Huckin and J. Coady, “Incidental vocabulary acquisition in a second language: a review”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21, pp. 181-193, 1999.
[30] B. Laufer, “The lexical plight in second language reading”. In J. Coady & T. Huckin (eds.), Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition: A Rationale for Pedagogy (20-34). Cambridge: CUP, 1997.
[31] M. Bahmani, A. Pazhakh and M. Raeesharif, “The effect of peripheral learning on vocabulary acquisition, retention and recall among Iranian EFL learners”. Higher Education of Social Science, 3(1), pp. 44-52, 2012.
[32] N. Rashidi, and A. Ganbari Adivi, “Incidental EFL vocabulary learning: The effects of interactive multiple-choice glosses”. Journal of English Language, 53(217), pp. 111-129, 2010.
[33] J.Ahmad, “Incidental vs. Intentional vocabulary learning”. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(5), 67-75, 2011.
[34] M. Alemi and A. Tayebi, “The Influence of Incidental and Intentional Vocabulary Acquisition and Vocabulary Strategy Use on Learning L2 Vocabularies”. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 2(1), 2011.
[35] H. Shu, R.C. Anderson and H. Zhang, “Incidental learning of word meanings while reading: A Chi nese and American cross-cultural study”. Reading Research Quarterly, 30, 76-95, 1995.
[36] U. Pavakanun and G. d'Ydewalle, “Watching foreign television programs and language learning”. In F.L. Engel, D.G. Bouwhuis, T. B6sser & G. d'Ydewalle (Eds.), Cognitive modelling and interactive environments in language learning, pp. 193-198. Ber lin: Springer Verlag, 1992.
[37] http://aegisub.org
[38] J. Diaz Cintas and A. Remael, Audiovisual translation: Subtitling. Manchester: St. Jerome Pub, 2014.
[39] M.P.H. Rodgers, English language learning through viewing television: An investigation of comprehension, incidental vocabulary acquisition, lexical coverage, attitudes, and captions (Unpublished Ph.D. thesis). Wellington: Victoria University, 2013.
[40] S. Rott, “The effect of exposure frequency on intermediate language learners' incidental vocabulary acquisition and retention through reading”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21, pp. 589-619, 1999.
[41] S. Webb, J. Newton and A. Chang, “Incidental learning of collocation”. Language Learning, 63(1), 91-120, 2013.
[42] A.D. Frumuselu, S. De Maeyer, V. Donche, and M. del M.G. Colon Plana, “Television series inside the EFL classroom: Bridging the gap between teaching and learning informal language through subtitles”. Linguistics and Education, 32, PP. 107-117, 2015.
[43] C. Chen and J. Truscott, “The effects of repetition and L1 lexicalization on incidental vocabulary acquisition”. Applied Linguistics, 31(5), pp. 693-713, 2010.
[44] A. Pellicer-Sánchez and A. Siyanova-Chanturia, “An eye-tracking investigation of incidental collocation learning during reading”. In Paper presented atthe Annual conference of the American Association of Applied Linguistics, pp. 8-12, April 2016.
[45] A. Siyanova-Chanturia and S. Webb, “Teaching vocabulary in the EFL context”. In English Language Teaching Today (pp. 227-239). Springer, Cham, 2016.
[46] E. Peters, “The effects of repetition and time of post-test administration on EFL learners’ form recall of single words and collocations”. Language Teaching Research, 18(1), pp. 75-94, 2014.
[47] K. Vidal, “A comparison of the effects of reading and listening on incidental vocabulary acquisition”. Language Learning, 61(1), 219-258, 2011.
[48] S. Webb, “The effects of repetition on vocabulary knowledge”. Applied linguistics, 28(1), 46-65, 2007.
[49] H. Van Zeeland and N. Schmitt, “Incidental vocabulary acquisition through L2 listening: A dimension approach”. System, 41(3), 609-624, 2013.
[1] World Bank, “Morocco: Teachers. SABER Country Report 2016”. Retrieved from http://saber.worldbank.org/index.cfm?indx=2&ctrn=MA, 2016.
[2] G. Luyken, T. Herbst, J. Langham-Brown, H. Reid and H. Spinhof, “Overcoming language barriers in television: Dubbing and subtitling for the European audience”. Manchester, England: European Institute for the Media, 1991.
[3] R. Kilborn, “Speak my language': Current attitudes to television subtitling and dubbing”. Media, Culture, and Society, 15, pp. 641-660, 1993.
[4] J. Van Lil, “Beeld van een kind (Image of a child]”. Hilversum, The Netherlands: NOS (Report nr R88- 421), 1988.
[5] C. M. Koolstra, T. H. A. Van der Voort, and J.L. Th. van der Kamp, (1997). “Television's impact on children's reading comprehension and decoding skills: A 3-year panel study”. Reading Research Quarterly, 32, pp. 128-152, 1997.
[6] M. “Vinji, Kinderen praten Engels: Balans van het Engels aan het einde van de basisschool (Chil- dren speak English: Results of English lessons at the conclusion of the elementary school)”. JS W, 79(4), pp. 32- 35, 1994.
[7] G. d'Ydewalle, C. Praet, K. Verfaillie and J. van Rensbergen, “Watching subtitled television: Automatic reading behavior”. Communication Research, 18, pp. 650-666, 1991.
[8] G. d'Ydewalle, J. Van Rensbergen and J. Pollet, “Reading a message when the same message is available auditorily in another language: The case of subtitling”. In Eye movements from physiology to cognition, pp. 313-321, Elsevier, 1987.
[9] G. d’Ydewalle and I. Gielen, “Attention allocation with overlapping sound, image, and text”. In Eye movements and visual cognition, pp. 415-427, Springer, New York, NY, 1992.
[10] G. d'Ydewalle, L. Warlop and J. Van Rensbergen, “Television and attention: Differences between younger and older adults in the division of attention over different sources of TV information”. Medienpsychologie, 1, pp. 42-57, 1989.
[11] S.B. Neuman, and P. Koskinen, “Captioned televi- sion as comprehensible input: Effects of incidental word learning from context for language minority students”. Reading Research Quarterly, 27, pp. 95-106, 1992.
[12] G. d'Ydewalle and U. Pavakanun, “Acquisition of a second/foreign language by viewing a television program”. In P. Winterhoff-Spurk (Ed.), Psychology of media in Europe: The state of the art-perspectives for the future, pp. 51-64, Opladen, Germany: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1995.
[13] G. d'Ydewalle and U. Pavakanun, “Could enjoying a movie lead to language acquisition”. In P. Winterhoff-Spurk and T.H.A. van der Voort (Eds.), New horizons in media psychology: Research cooperation and projects in Europe, pp. 145-155, Opladen, Ger-many: Westdeutscher Verl, 1997.
[14] W. E. Lambert and O. Klineberg, “ Children’s views of foreign peoples: A cross national study”. New York: Appleton, 1967.
[15] D. N. Larsen, D. N and W. A. Smalley, Becoming bilingual: A guide to language learning. New Canadian, CT: Practical Anthropology, 1972.
[16] E. H. Lenneberg, Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley, 1967.
[17] G. d'Ydewalle and M. Van de Poel, “Incidental foreign-language acquisition by children watching subtitled television programs”. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 28(3), pp. 227-244, 1999.
[18] M. Van de Poel and G. d'Ydewalle, “Incidental foreign-language acquisition by children watching subtitled television programs”, 2001. Retrieved from https://limo.libis.be/primo explore/fulldisplay? docid=LIRIAS1785311&context=L&vid=Lirias&search_scope=Lirias&tab=default_tab&lang=en_US&fromSitemap=1.
[19] S. Van Lommel, A. Laenen and G. d'Ydewalle, “Foreign‐grammar acquisition while watching subtitled television programmes”. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(2), pp. 243-258, 2006.
[20] S. Krashen, Principles and practice in second language acquisition, 1982.
[21] C. F. Van Parreren, “Psychologische factoren bij het verwerven van de woordenschat van een vreemde taal (Psychological factors in foreign language vocabulary acquisition)”. Levende Talen, 239, pp. 159-169, 1967.
[22] P. Maftoon, H. Hamidi and S. N. Sarem, “The effects of CALL on vocabulary learning: A case of Iranian intermediate EFL learners”. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 3(4), pp. 19-30, 2015.
[23] Q. Li, “Incidental and intentional vocabulary learning: A case study of meaning-given, meaning-inferred with MC, and pure meaning-inferred methods on the retention of L2 word meanings in a Chinese university”. Education Journal, 2(4), pp. 138-148, 2013.
[24] J. Pardun Carol, Advertising and Society: An Introduction, 2014.
[25] J.C. Richard and R. SSchmidt,Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics (3rd ed.). London: Longman, 2002.
[26] G. Mehmet, S. Burcu and A. Bulent, “The effect of peripheral learning applied in English instruction on English idioms learning”. IJER, 3(30), 19-34, 2012.
[27] F.A. Allen, Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
[28] W.E. Nagy, R.C. Anderson and P.A. Herman, “Learning word meanings from context during normal reading”. American Educational Research Journal, 24(2), pp. 237-270, 1987.
[29] T. Huckin and J. Coady, “Incidental vocabulary acquisition in a second language: a review”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21, pp. 181-193, 1999.
[30] B. Laufer, “The lexical plight in second language reading”. In J. Coady & T. Huckin (eds.), Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition: A Rationale for Pedagogy (20-34). Cambridge: CUP, 1997.
[31] M. Bahmani, A. Pazhakh and M. Raeesharif, “The effect of peripheral learning on vocabulary acquisition, retention and recall among Iranian EFL learners”. Higher Education of Social Science, 3(1), pp. 44-52, 2012.
[32] N. Rashidi, and A. Ganbari Adivi, “Incidental EFL vocabulary learning: The effects of interactive multiple-choice glosses”. Journal of English Language, 53(217), pp. 111-129, 2010.
[33] J.Ahmad, “Incidental vs. Intentional vocabulary learning”. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(5), 67-75, 2011.
[34] M. Alemi and A. Tayebi, “The Influence of Incidental and Intentional Vocabulary Acquisition and Vocabulary Strategy Use on Learning L2 Vocabularies”. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 2(1), 2011.
[35] H. Shu, R.C. Anderson and H. Zhang, “Incidental learning of word meanings while reading: A Chi nese and American cross-cultural study”. Reading Research Quarterly, 30, 76-95, 1995.
[36] U. Pavakanun and G. d'Ydewalle, “Watching foreign television programs and language learning”. In F.L. Engel, D.G. Bouwhuis, T. B6sser & G. d'Ydewalle (Eds.), Cognitive modelling and interactive environments in language learning, pp. 193-198. Ber lin: Springer Verlag, 1992.
[37] http://aegisub.org
[38] J. Diaz Cintas and A. Remael, Audiovisual translation: Subtitling. Manchester: St. Jerome Pub, 2014.
[39] M.P.H. Rodgers, English language learning through viewing television: An investigation of comprehension, incidental vocabulary acquisition, lexical coverage, attitudes, and captions (Unpublished Ph.D. thesis). Wellington: Victoria University, 2013.
[40] S. Rott, “The effect of exposure frequency on intermediate language learners' incidental vocabulary acquisition and retention through reading”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21, pp. 589-619, 1999.
[41] S. Webb, J. Newton and A. Chang, “Incidental learning of collocation”. Language Learning, 63(1), 91-120, 2013.
[42] A.D. Frumuselu, S. De Maeyer, V. Donche, and M. del M.G. Colon Plana, “Television series inside the EFL classroom: Bridging the gap between teaching and learning informal language through subtitles”. Linguistics and Education, 32, PP. 107-117, 2015.
[43] C. Chen and J. Truscott, “The effects of repetition and L1 lexicalization on incidental vocabulary acquisition”. Applied Linguistics, 31(5), pp. 693-713, 2010.
[44] A. Pellicer-Sánchez and A. Siyanova-Chanturia, “An eye-tracking investigation of incidental collocation learning during reading”. In Paper presented atthe Annual conference of the American Association of Applied Linguistics, pp. 8-12, April 2016.
[45] A. Siyanova-Chanturia and S. Webb, “Teaching vocabulary in the EFL context”. In English Language Teaching Today (pp. 227-239). Springer, Cham, 2016.
[46] E. Peters, “The effects of repetition and time of post-test administration on EFL learners’ form recall of single words and collocations”. Language Teaching Research, 18(1), pp. 75-94, 2014.
[47] K. Vidal, “A comparison of the effects of reading and listening on incidental vocabulary acquisition”. Language Learning, 61(1), 219-258, 2011.
[48] S. Webb, “The effects of repetition on vocabulary knowledge”. Applied linguistics, 28(1), 46-65, 2007.
[49] H. Van Zeeland and N. Schmitt, “Incidental vocabulary acquisition through L2 listening: A dimension approach”. System, 41(3), 609-624, 2013.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:79833", author = "Rachid Ed-Dali and Khalid Elasri", title = "Influence and Dissemination of Solecism among Moroccan High School and University Students", abstract = "Mass media seem to provide a rich content for language acquisition. Exposure to television, the Internet, the mobile phone and other technological gadgets and devices helps enrich the student’s lexicon positively as well as negatively. The difficulties encountered by students while learning and acquiring second languages in addition to their eagerness to comprehend the content of a particular program prompt them to diversify their methods so as to achieve their targets. The present study highlights the significance of certain media channels and their involvement in language acquisition with the employment of the Natural Approach to further grasp whether students, especially secondary and high school students, learn and acquire errors through watching subtitled television programs. The chief objective is investigating the deductive and inductive relevance of certain programs beside the involvement of peripheral learning while acquiring mistakes.
", keywords = "Errors, mistakes, natural Approach, peripheral learning, solecism.", volume = "14", number = "9", pages = "805-8", }
