GC and GCxGC-MS Composition of Volatile Compounds from Carum carvi by Using Techniques Assisted by Microwaves
The new methods as accelerated steam distillation
assisted by microwave (ASDAM) is a combination of microwave
heating and steam distillation, performed at atmospheric pressure at
very short extraction time. Isolation and concentration of volatile
compounds are performed by a single stage. (ASDAM) has been
compared with (ASDAM) with cryogrinding of seeds (CG) and a
conventional technique, hydrodistillation assisted by microwave
(HDAM), hydro-distillation (HD) for the extraction of essential oil
from aromatic herb as caraway and cumin seeds. The essential oils
extracted by (ASDAM) for 1 min were quantitatively (yield) and
qualitatively (aromatic profile) no similar to those obtained by
ASDAM-CG (1 min) and HD (for 3 h). The accelerated microwave
extraction with cryogrinding inhibits numerous enzymatic reactions
as hydrolysis of oils.
Microwave radiations constitute the adequate mean for the
extraction operations from the yields and high content in major
component majority point view, and allow to minimise considerably
the energy consumption, but especially heating time too, which is one
of essential parameters of artifacts formation.
The ASDAM and ASDAM-CG are green techniques and yields an
essential oil with higher amounts of more valuable oxygenated
compounds comparable to the biosynthesis compounds, and allows
substantial savings of costs, in terms of time, energy and plant
material.
[1] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, B. Y. Meklati, Kinetic Study of
Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil of Nigella sativa L. Seeds,
Chromatographia, vol. 64, 2005, pp227-231.
[2] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, Y. B. Meklati, F. Chemat,
Chemical composition of seed essential oils from Algerian Nigella
sativa extracted by microwaves and hydro-distillation, Flavour and
Fragrance Journal. vol.22, 2007, pp148–153
[3] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, J-P Wathelet, M. Marlier,
Chemical Composition of the Volatiles from Algerian Nigella
sativa L. seeds, Journal of Essential Oil Research, J. Essent. Oil
Res., vol., 22 (July/August 2010), pp1-5.
[4] Kamenik J. Perspektivy uplatneni Kminu V zemédélstive CR. In:
Proc. Conf. Biologie and agrotechnique of caraway. MZLU Brno:
1996, pp8-10.
[5] Kocourkova B., J. Sedlakova and V. Holubova. Morfologické a
kvalitativni znaky.registrovanych odrud. In : Proc. Conf. Caraway
in present plant production. MZLU Brno, 1999, pp34-41.
[6] Sedlakova J., V. Kuban, V. Holubova and B. Kocourkova.
Stanoveni silic v kminu. In : Proc.Conf. Analysis of organic
compounds in environment. 2-Theta, K. Lhotka, 1998,pp 120-126.
[7] Kleinkopf G.E, N.A. Oberg and N.L. Olsen. Sprout inhibition in
storage: Current status, new chemistries and natural compounds.
Am. J. Potato Res., vol. 80 (5), 2003, pp317-327.
[8] Dyduch J., A. Najda and N. Brzozowski. Growth and chemical
content of caraway (Carum carvi L.) in the first year of cultivation.
Folia Hortic. Vol.1, 2006, 108-112.
[9] Sembratowicz I. and A. Czech, 2005. Natural antioxidants in the
food. Post. Nauk Roln. Vol 1, 2005, pp75-88.
[10] Lompart, M.P; Lorenzo, R.A., Cela, R.,1997, Optimization of a
Microwave assisted Extraction Method for Phenol and
Methylphenol Isomers in Soil Samples Using a Central Composite
Design Paré, J.R.J. Analyst,vol. 122, 1997, pp133-137.
[11] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, A., Meklati, B.Y., Etude
comparative de la composition chimique de la Nigella sativa de
quelques régions du monde, extraite par micro-ondes Rivista
Italiana EPPOS, vol. 40, 2005, pp15-24.
[12] Lucchesi, M.E.; Chemat, F.; Smadja, J. Solvent-free microwave
extraction of essential oil from aromatic herbs: comparison with
conventional hydrodistillation, J. Chromatogr. A, vol. 1043, 2004,
pp323-327.
[13] Paré, J.R.J, Belanger J.M.R, Stafford S.S., 1994, A new tool for the
analytical laboratory, Trends in Analytical Chemistry Trends
Anal.Chem. vol. 13, 1994, pp176-184.
[14] Conseil de l’Europe, Pharmacopée Européenne 1, Maisonneuve
S.A. Editions, Sainte Ruffine,1991.
[15] Adams, R.P. Identification of essential oil components by gas
chromatography/mass spectroscopy. 4th edition. Allured
Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, 2007.
[16] Jalali-Heravi, M., Zekavat, B., Sereshti, H. Use of gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry combined with resolution
methods to characterize the essential oil components of Iranian
cumin and caraway, J. Chromatogr. A, 1143, 2007, pp.215-226.
[17] Jae Hun Kim, J.H. Mee-Hye Shin, Young-Jeong Hwang,
Periasamy Srinivasan a, JaeK yung Kim, Hyun Jin Park e,
MyungWooByun a, JuWoon Le. Role of gamma irradiation on the
natural antioxidants in cumin seeds Radiation Physics and
Chemistry, vol. 78, 2009, 153-157.
[18] Jagetia G C, Venkatesh P & Baliga M S, Fruit extract of
Aegle marmelos protects mice against radiation-induced
lethality, Integr Cancer Ther, vol., 3 2004, pp 323.
[19] Ramy M. Romeilah, Sayed A. Fayed and Ghada I. Mahmoud,
Chemical Compositions, Antiviral and Antioxidant Activities of
Seven Essential Oils, Journal of Applied Sciences Research,
vol.6(1), 2010, 50-62
[20] Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of biologically active
phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press
[21] Singh*, G., Upadhyay, R.K. 1990. Fungitoxic Activity of
Cumaldehyde, Main Constituent of the Cuminum cyminum Oil.
Fitoterapia vol, 62(1), 1991, pp86.
[22] Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used
in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York,
1980.
[1] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, B. Y. Meklati, Kinetic Study of
Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil of Nigella sativa L. Seeds,
Chromatographia, vol. 64, 2005, pp227-231.
[2] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, Y. B. Meklati, F. Chemat,
Chemical composition of seed essential oils from Algerian Nigella
sativa extracted by microwaves and hydro-distillation, Flavour and
Fragrance Journal. vol.22, 2007, pp148–153
[3] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, J-P Wathelet, M. Marlier,
Chemical Composition of the Volatiles from Algerian Nigella
sativa L. seeds, Journal of Essential Oil Research, J. Essent. Oil
Res., vol., 22 (July/August 2010), pp1-5.
[4] Kamenik J. Perspektivy uplatneni Kminu V zemédélstive CR. In:
Proc. Conf. Biologie and agrotechnique of caraway. MZLU Brno:
1996, pp8-10.
[5] Kocourkova B., J. Sedlakova and V. Holubova. Morfologické a
kvalitativni znaky.registrovanych odrud. In : Proc. Conf. Caraway
in present plant production. MZLU Brno, 1999, pp34-41.
[6] Sedlakova J., V. Kuban, V. Holubova and B. Kocourkova.
Stanoveni silic v kminu. In : Proc.Conf. Analysis of organic
compounds in environment. 2-Theta, K. Lhotka, 1998,pp 120-126.
[7] Kleinkopf G.E, N.A. Oberg and N.L. Olsen. Sprout inhibition in
storage: Current status, new chemistries and natural compounds.
Am. J. Potato Res., vol. 80 (5), 2003, pp317-327.
[8] Dyduch J., A. Najda and N. Brzozowski. Growth and chemical
content of caraway (Carum carvi L.) in the first year of cultivation.
Folia Hortic. Vol.1, 2006, 108-112.
[9] Sembratowicz I. and A. Czech, 2005. Natural antioxidants in the
food. Post. Nauk Roln. Vol 1, 2005, pp75-88.
[10] Lompart, M.P; Lorenzo, R.A., Cela, R.,1997, Optimization of a
Microwave assisted Extraction Method for Phenol and
Methylphenol Isomers in Soil Samples Using a Central Composite
Design Paré, J.R.J. Analyst,vol. 122, 1997, pp133-137.
[11] F. Benkaci-Ali, A. Baaliouamer, A., Meklati, B.Y., Etude
comparative de la composition chimique de la Nigella sativa de
quelques régions du monde, extraite par micro-ondes Rivista
Italiana EPPOS, vol. 40, 2005, pp15-24.
[12] Lucchesi, M.E.; Chemat, F.; Smadja, J. Solvent-free microwave
extraction of essential oil from aromatic herbs: comparison with
conventional hydrodistillation, J. Chromatogr. A, vol. 1043, 2004,
pp323-327.
[13] Paré, J.R.J, Belanger J.M.R, Stafford S.S., 1994, A new tool for the
analytical laboratory, Trends in Analytical Chemistry Trends
Anal.Chem. vol. 13, 1994, pp176-184.
[14] Conseil de l’Europe, Pharmacopée Européenne 1, Maisonneuve
S.A. Editions, Sainte Ruffine,1991.
[15] Adams, R.P. Identification of essential oil components by gas
chromatography/mass spectroscopy. 4th edition. Allured
Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, 2007.
[16] Jalali-Heravi, M., Zekavat, B., Sereshti, H. Use of gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry combined with resolution
methods to characterize the essential oil components of Iranian
cumin and caraway, J. Chromatogr. A, 1143, 2007, pp.215-226.
[17] Jae Hun Kim, J.H. Mee-Hye Shin, Young-Jeong Hwang,
Periasamy Srinivasan a, JaeK yung Kim, Hyun Jin Park e,
MyungWooByun a, JuWoon Le. Role of gamma irradiation on the
natural antioxidants in cumin seeds Radiation Physics and
Chemistry, vol. 78, 2009, 153-157.
[18] Jagetia G C, Venkatesh P & Baliga M S, Fruit extract of
Aegle marmelos protects mice against radiation-induced
lethality, Integr Cancer Ther, vol., 3 2004, pp 323.
[19] Ramy M. Romeilah, Sayed A. Fayed and Ghada I. Mahmoud,
Chemical Compositions, Antiviral and Antioxidant Activities of
Seven Essential Oils, Journal of Applied Sciences Research,
vol.6(1), 2010, 50-62
[20] Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of biologically active
phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press
[21] Singh*, G., Upadhyay, R.K. 1990. Fungitoxic Activity of
Cumaldehyde, Main Constituent of the Cuminum cyminum Oil.
Fitoterapia vol, 62(1), 1991, pp86.
[22] Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used
in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York,
1980.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:72124", author = "F. Benkaci-Ali and R. Mékaoui and G. Scholl and G. Eppe", title = "GC and GCxGC-MS Composition of Volatile Compounds from Carum carvi by Using Techniques Assisted by Microwaves", abstract = "The new methods as accelerated steam distillation
assisted by microwave (ASDAM) is a combination of microwave
heating and steam distillation, performed at atmospheric pressure at
very short extraction time. Isolation and concentration of volatile
compounds are performed by a single stage. (ASDAM) has been
compared with (ASDAM) with cryogrinding of seeds (CG) and a
conventional technique, hydrodistillation assisted by microwave
(HDAM), hydro-distillation (HD) for the extraction of essential oil
from aromatic herb as caraway and cumin seeds. The essential oils
extracted by (ASDAM) for 1 min were quantitatively (yield) and
qualitatively (aromatic profile) no similar to those obtained by
ASDAM-CG (1 min) and HD (for 3 h). The accelerated microwave
extraction with cryogrinding inhibits numerous enzymatic reactions
as hydrolysis of oils.
Microwave radiations constitute the adequate mean for the
extraction operations from the yields and high content in major
component majority point view, and allow to minimise considerably
the energy consumption, but especially heating time too, which is one
of essential parameters of artifacts formation.
The ASDAM and ASDAM-CG are green techniques and yields an
essential oil with higher amounts of more valuable oxygenated
compounds comparable to the biosynthesis compounds, and allows
substantial savings of costs, in terms of time, energy and plant
material.", keywords = "Microwave, steam distillation, caraway, cumin,
cryogrinding, GC-MS, GCxGC-MS.", volume = "8", number = "7", pages = "553-5", }
