Experimental Study of LPG Diffusion Flame at Elevated Preheated Air Temperatures
This paper represents an experimental study of LPG
diffusion flame at elevated preheated air temperatures. The flame is
stabilized in a vertical water-cooled combustor by using air swirler. An
experimental test rig was designed to investigate the different
operating conditions. The burner head is designed so that the LPG fuel
issued centrally and surrounded by the swirling air issues from an air
swirler. There are three air swirlers having the same dimensions but
having different blade angles to give different swirl numbers of 0.5,
0.87 and 1.5. The combustion air was heated electrically before
entering the combustor up to a temperature about 500 K. Five air to
fuel mass ratios of 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 were also studied. The effect
of preheated air temperature, swirl number and air to fuel mass ratios
on the temperature maps, visible flame length, high temperature region
(size) and exhaust species concentrations are studied. Some results
show that as the preheated air temperature increases, the volume of
high temperature region also increased but the flame length decreased.
Increasing the preheated air temperature, EINOx, EICO2 and EIO2
increased, while EICO decreased. Increasing the preheated air
temperature from 300 to 500 K, for all air swirl numbers used, the
highest increase in EINOx, EICO2 and EIO2 are 141, 4 and 65%,
respectively.
[1] P. Dockrill, and F. Friedrich, "Boilers and Heaters: Efficiency, Improving
Energy," 2001.
[2] N.Peters, "Turbulent Combustion" Cambridge University Press, 2000.
[3] Y.M Ghaderi., "Effects of Preheated Combustion Air on Laminar Coflow
Diffusion Flames under Normal and Microgravity Conditions," Ph.D.
Thesis, Maryland, 2005.
[4] H. M. Gad, "Study of Combustion Characteristics of Diffusion Flame
Using Different Gaseous Additives in Air Stream," M.Sc. Thesis
Mechanical Power Engineering Suez Canal University, 2004.
[5] D. Mishra and P. Kumar, "Experimental Investigation of Laminar LPG–
H2 Jet Diffusion Flame with Preheated Reactants " Fuel, Vol. 87, pp.
3091-3095, 2008.
[6] B. Kashir,, S. Tabejamaat, and M. M. Baig, "Experimental Study on
Propane/Oxygen and Natural Gas/Oxygen Laminar Diffusion Flames in
Diluting and Preheating Conditions," Thermal Science, Vol. 16, Pp.
1043-1053, 2012.
[7] J. Lim, J. Gore, and R. Viskanta, "A Study of the Effects of Air Preheat on
the Structure of Methane/Air Counter Flow Diffusion Flames,"
Combustion and Flame, Vol. 121, Pp. 262-274, 2000.
[8] S. S. Reddy, "Effect of Preheated Air on the Structure of Coaxial Jet
Diffusion Flame," International Archive of Applied Sciences &
Technology, Vol. 4, 2013.
[9] S. Lamige,C. Galizzi, F. André, F. Baillot, and D. K. Escudié, "On
Preheating and Dilution Effects in Non-Premixed Jet Flame
Stabilization," Combustion and Flame Vol. 160, 6, Pp. 1102-1111, 2013.
[10] C.H. Smith, D.I. Pineda, and J. L. Ellzey, "Syngas Production from
Burner-Stabilized Methane/Air Flames: The Effect of Preheated
Reactants," Combustion and Flame Vol. 160 Pp. 557–564, 2013.
[11] Beer J. M. and Chigier, "Combustion Aerodynamics", Applied Science
Publisher, London, 1972.
[12] S. R. Turns, "An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and
Applications." Ed: Mcgraw-Hill, New York, 1996.
[1] P. Dockrill, and F. Friedrich, "Boilers and Heaters: Efficiency, Improving
Energy," 2001.
[2] N.Peters, "Turbulent Combustion" Cambridge University Press, 2000.
[3] Y.M Ghaderi., "Effects of Preheated Combustion Air on Laminar Coflow
Diffusion Flames under Normal and Microgravity Conditions," Ph.D.
Thesis, Maryland, 2005.
[4] H. M. Gad, "Study of Combustion Characteristics of Diffusion Flame
Using Different Gaseous Additives in Air Stream," M.Sc. Thesis
Mechanical Power Engineering Suez Canal University, 2004.
[5] D. Mishra and P. Kumar, "Experimental Investigation of Laminar LPG–
H2 Jet Diffusion Flame with Preheated Reactants " Fuel, Vol. 87, pp.
3091-3095, 2008.
[6] B. Kashir,, S. Tabejamaat, and M. M. Baig, "Experimental Study on
Propane/Oxygen and Natural Gas/Oxygen Laminar Diffusion Flames in
Diluting and Preheating Conditions," Thermal Science, Vol. 16, Pp.
1043-1053, 2012.
[7] J. Lim, J. Gore, and R. Viskanta, "A Study of the Effects of Air Preheat on
the Structure of Methane/Air Counter Flow Diffusion Flames,"
Combustion and Flame, Vol. 121, Pp. 262-274, 2000.
[8] S. S. Reddy, "Effect of Preheated Air on the Structure of Coaxial Jet
Diffusion Flame," International Archive of Applied Sciences &
Technology, Vol. 4, 2013.
[9] S. Lamige,C. Galizzi, F. André, F. Baillot, and D. K. Escudié, "On
Preheating and Dilution Effects in Non-Premixed Jet Flame
Stabilization," Combustion and Flame Vol. 160, 6, Pp. 1102-1111, 2013.
[10] C.H. Smith, D.I. Pineda, and J. L. Ellzey, "Syngas Production from
Burner-Stabilized Methane/Air Flames: The Effect of Preheated
Reactants," Combustion and Flame Vol. 160 Pp. 557–564, 2013.
[11] Beer J. M. and Chigier, "Combustion Aerodynamics", Applied Science
Publisher, London, 1972.
[12] S. R. Turns, "An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and
Applications." Ed: Mcgraw-Hill, New York, 1996.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:70619", author = "A. A. Amer and H. M. Gad and I. A. Ibrahim and S. I. Abdel-Mageed and T. M. Farag", title = "Experimental Study of LPG Diffusion Flame at Elevated Preheated Air Temperatures", abstract = "This paper represents an experimental study of LPG
diffusion flame at elevated preheated air temperatures. The flame is
stabilized in a vertical water-cooled combustor by using air swirler. An
experimental test rig was designed to investigate the different
operating conditions. The burner head is designed so that the LPG fuel
issued centrally and surrounded by the swirling air issues from an air
swirler. There are three air swirlers having the same dimensions but
having different blade angles to give different swirl numbers of 0.5,
0.87 and 1.5. The combustion air was heated electrically before
entering the combustor up to a temperature about 500 K. Five air to
fuel mass ratios of 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 were also studied. The effect
of preheated air temperature, swirl number and air to fuel mass ratios
on the temperature maps, visible flame length, high temperature region
(size) and exhaust species concentrations are studied. Some results
show that as the preheated air temperature increases, the volume of
high temperature region also increased but the flame length decreased.
Increasing the preheated air temperature, EINOx, EICO2 and EIO2
increased, while EICO decreased. Increasing the preheated air
temperature from 300 to 500 K, for all air swirl numbers used, the
highest increase in EINOx, EICO2 and EIO2 are 141, 4 and 65%,
respectively. ", keywords = "Preheated air temperature, air swirler, flame length,
emission index.", volume = "9", number = "8", pages = "1494-8", }