Experimental and Semi-Analytical Investigation of Wave Interaction with Double Vertical Slotted Walls
Vertical slotted walls can be used as permeable
breakwaters to provide economical and environmental protection
from undesirable waves and currents inside the port. The permeable
breakwaters are partially protection and have been suggested to
overcome the environmental disadvantages of fully protection
breakwaters. For regular waves a semi-analytical model is based on
an eigenfunction expansion method and utilizes a boundary condition
at the surface of each wall are developed to detect the energy
dissipation through the slots. Extensive laboratory tests are carried
out to validate the semi-analytic models. The structure of the physical
model contains two walls and it consists of impermeable upper and
lower part, where the draft is based a decimal multiple of the total
depth. The middle part is permeable with a porosity of 50%. The
second barrier is located at a distant of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 times of the
water depth from the first one. A comparison of the theoretical results
with previous studies and experimental measurements of the present
study show a good agreement and that, the semi-analytical model is
able to adequately reproduce most the important features of the
experiment.
[1] R. G. Abul-Azm, "Wave diffraction through submerged breakwaters,”
Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean. J.,vol. 119, no. 6, pp. 587–605,
1993.
[2] H. G. Ahmed, A. Schlenkhoff, and D. Bung, "Hydrodynamic
characteristics of vertical slotted wall breakwaters,”34th IAHR World
Congress, Brisbane – Australia,2011.
[3] H. G. Ahmed, A. Schlenkhoff, M. Oertel, "Stokes second-order wave
interaction with vertical slotted wall breakwater.”Coastal structures
Conf. Yokohama, Japan, 2011.
[4] G.S. Bennett, P. McIver, and J. V. Smallman, "A mathematical model of
a slotted wave screen breakwater,” Coastal Eng. J., vol.18, pp. 231–249,
1992.
[5] R. A. Dalrymple, M.A. LosadaandP.A. Martin, "Reflection and
transmission from porous structures under oblique wave attack,” Fluid
Mech. J., vol. 224, pp. 625-644,1991.
[6] J. Gardner, I. Townendand C. Fleming,"The design of a slotted vertical
screen breakwater,” Proc. 20th Coastal Eng. Conf., ASCE, Taipei, pp.
1881–1893, 1986.
[7] K. Hagiwara, "Analysis of upright structure for wave dissipation using
integral equation,” Proc., 19th Int. Conf. on Coastal Engineering
(ICCE), ASCE, Reston, Va., pp. 2810–2826, 1984..
[8] M. Isaacson, J. Baldwim, S. PremasiroandG. Yang "Wave interaction
with double slotted barriers,” Applied Ocean Research. J., vol. 21, no. 2,
pp. 81-91, 1999.
[9] M. Isaacson, S.PremasiroandG. Yang, "Wave interaction with vertical
slotted barrier,” Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean. J., vol. 124, no. 3,
pp. 118-126, 1998.
[10] S. Kakuno, and P.L.F. Liu, "Scattering of water waves by vertical
cylinders,” Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean. J., ASCE, vol.119,
1993.
[11] H. Kondo,"Analysis of breakwaters having two porous walls,”
Proc.Coastal Structures ‘79, ASCE, Arlington, pp. 939–952, 1979.
[12] A. S. Koraim, E. M. Heikal, OS. Rageh,"Hydrodynamic characteristics
of double permeable breakwater under regular waves,”Coastal
Engineering. J.,vol. 24, pp. 503–527, 2011.
[13] D. L. Kriebel, "Vertical wave barriers: Wave transmission and wave
forces,” 23rd Int. Conf. on Coastal Eng., ASCE, vol.2. pp. 1313-1326,
1992..
[14] PL-F. Liu, and M.Abbaspour,"Wave scattering by a rigid thin barrier,”
Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Eng. J.Div.ASCE; vol. 108, no. 4,
pp. 479–491, 1982.
[15] I. J. Losada, M. A. Losada, and A.Baquerizo, "An analytical method to
evaluate the efficiency of porous screens as wave dampers.” Applied
Ocean Research, no.15, pp. 207-215, 1993.
[16] E. P. D. Mansard, and E. R. Funke, „The measurement of incident and
reflected spectra using a least squares method,” In Proc. 17th Coastal
Eng. Conf., Sydney, Australia, pp 159-174, 1980.
[17] T. Nakamura, T. Kohno,K.Makimotto, H. Kamikawa, "Enhancement of
wave energy dissipation by a double curtain-walled breakwater with
different drafts.” Proc. of Coastal Structures 99, Rotterdam,pp. 533-540,
1999.
[18] W. S. Park, B. Kim, K. Suh, and K. Lee, "Irregular wave scattering by
cylinder breakwaters.” Korea-China Conf. on Port and Coastal Eng.,
Seoul, Korea, 2000.
[19] C. K. Sollitt, and R. H. Cross, "Wave transmission through permeable
breakwaters.” Proc. of the 13th Coastal Eng. Conf., ASCE, Vancouver,
pp. 1827-1846,1972.
[20] K. D. Suh, S. Shin and D. T. Cox, "Hydrodynamic characteristics of
pile-Supported vertical wall breakwaters,”Waterways, Port, Coastal and
Ocean Engineering. J., vol.132, no.2, pp.83-96. 2006.
[21] S.W.Twu, and D.T. Lin. "Wave reflection by a number of thin porous
plates fixed in a semi-infinitely long flume,”Proc. 22nd Coastal Eng.
Conf.,ASCE, Delft, pp. 1046–1059.1990.
[22] X.Yu, "Diffraction of water waves by porous breakwater,” Waterway,
Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. J., vol. 121, no. 6, pp. 275-
282,1995.
[1] R. G. Abul-Azm, "Wave diffraction through submerged breakwaters,”
Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean. J.,vol. 119, no. 6, pp. 587–605,
1993.
[2] H. G. Ahmed, A. Schlenkhoff, and D. Bung, "Hydrodynamic
characteristics of vertical slotted wall breakwaters,”34th IAHR World
Congress, Brisbane – Australia,2011.
[3] H. G. Ahmed, A. Schlenkhoff, M. Oertel, "Stokes second-order wave
interaction with vertical slotted wall breakwater.”Coastal structures
Conf. Yokohama, Japan, 2011.
[4] G.S. Bennett, P. McIver, and J. V. Smallman, "A mathematical model of
a slotted wave screen breakwater,” Coastal Eng. J., vol.18, pp. 231–249,
1992.
[5] R. A. Dalrymple, M.A. LosadaandP.A. Martin, "Reflection and
transmission from porous structures under oblique wave attack,” Fluid
Mech. J., vol. 224, pp. 625-644,1991.
[6] J. Gardner, I. Townendand C. Fleming,"The design of a slotted vertical
screen breakwater,” Proc. 20th Coastal Eng. Conf., ASCE, Taipei, pp.
1881–1893, 1986.
[7] K. Hagiwara, "Analysis of upright structure for wave dissipation using
integral equation,” Proc., 19th Int. Conf. on Coastal Engineering
(ICCE), ASCE, Reston, Va., pp. 2810–2826, 1984..
[8] M. Isaacson, J. Baldwim, S. PremasiroandG. Yang "Wave interaction
with double slotted barriers,” Applied Ocean Research. J., vol. 21, no. 2,
pp. 81-91, 1999.
[9] M. Isaacson, S.PremasiroandG. Yang, "Wave interaction with vertical
slotted barrier,” Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean. J., vol. 124, no. 3,
pp. 118-126, 1998.
[10] S. Kakuno, and P.L.F. Liu, "Scattering of water waves by vertical
cylinders,” Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean. J., ASCE, vol.119,
1993.
[11] H. Kondo,"Analysis of breakwaters having two porous walls,”
Proc.Coastal Structures ‘79, ASCE, Arlington, pp. 939–952, 1979.
[12] A. S. Koraim, E. M. Heikal, OS. Rageh,"Hydrodynamic characteristics
of double permeable breakwater under regular waves,”Coastal
Engineering. J.,vol. 24, pp. 503–527, 2011.
[13] D. L. Kriebel, "Vertical wave barriers: Wave transmission and wave
forces,” 23rd Int. Conf. on Coastal Eng., ASCE, vol.2. pp. 1313-1326,
1992..
[14] PL-F. Liu, and M.Abbaspour,"Wave scattering by a rigid thin barrier,”
Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Eng. J.Div.ASCE; vol. 108, no. 4,
pp. 479–491, 1982.
[15] I. J. Losada, M. A. Losada, and A.Baquerizo, "An analytical method to
evaluate the efficiency of porous screens as wave dampers.” Applied
Ocean Research, no.15, pp. 207-215, 1993.
[16] E. P. D. Mansard, and E. R. Funke, „The measurement of incident and
reflected spectra using a least squares method,” In Proc. 17th Coastal
Eng. Conf., Sydney, Australia, pp 159-174, 1980.
[17] T. Nakamura, T. Kohno,K.Makimotto, H. Kamikawa, "Enhancement of
wave energy dissipation by a double curtain-walled breakwater with
different drafts.” Proc. of Coastal Structures 99, Rotterdam,pp. 533-540,
1999.
[18] W. S. Park, B. Kim, K. Suh, and K. Lee, "Irregular wave scattering by
cylinder breakwaters.” Korea-China Conf. on Port and Coastal Eng.,
Seoul, Korea, 2000.
[19] C. K. Sollitt, and R. H. Cross, "Wave transmission through permeable
breakwaters.” Proc. of the 13th Coastal Eng. Conf., ASCE, Vancouver,
pp. 1827-1846,1972.
[20] K. D. Suh, S. Shin and D. T. Cox, "Hydrodynamic characteristics of
pile-Supported vertical wall breakwaters,”Waterways, Port, Coastal and
Ocean Engineering. J., vol.132, no.2, pp.83-96. 2006.
[21] S.W.Twu, and D.T. Lin. "Wave reflection by a number of thin porous
plates fixed in a semi-infinitely long flume,”Proc. 22nd Coastal Eng.
Conf.,ASCE, Delft, pp. 1046–1059.1990.
[22] X.Yu, "Diffraction of water waves by porous breakwater,” Waterway,
Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. J., vol. 121, no. 6, pp. 275-
282,1995.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:67922", author = "H. Ahmed and A. Schlenkhoff and R. Rousta and R. Abdelaziz", title = "Experimental and Semi-Analytical Investigation of Wave Interaction with Double Vertical Slotted Walls", abstract = "Vertical slotted walls can be used as permeable
breakwaters to provide economical and environmental protection
from undesirable waves and currents inside the port. The permeable
breakwaters are partially protection and have been suggested to
overcome the environmental disadvantages of fully protection
breakwaters. For regular waves a semi-analytical model is based on
an eigenfunction expansion method and utilizes a boundary condition
at the surface of each wall are developed to detect the energy
dissipation through the slots. Extensive laboratory tests are carried
out to validate the semi-analytic models. The structure of the physical
model contains two walls and it consists of impermeable upper and
lower part, where the draft is based a decimal multiple of the total
depth. The middle part is permeable with a porosity of 50%. The
second barrier is located at a distant of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 times of the
water depth from the first one. A comparison of the theoretical results
with previous studies and experimental measurements of the present
study show a good agreement and that, the semi-analytical model is
able to adequately reproduce most the important features of the
experiment.
", keywords = "Permeable breakwater, double vertical slotted walls,
semi-analytical model, transmission coefficient, reflection
coefficient, energy dissipation coefficient.", volume = "8", number = "8", pages = "1474-9", }
