Experimental and Finite Element Forming Limit Diagrams for Interstitial Free Steels
Interstitial free steels possess better formability and
have many applications in automotive industries. Forming limit
diagrams (FLDs) indicate the formability of materials which can be
determined by experimental and finite element (FE) simulations.
FLDs were determined experimentally by LDH test, utilizing optical
strain measurement system for measuring the strains in different
width specimens and by FE simulations in Interstitial Free (IF) and
Interstitial Free High Strength (IFHS) steels. In this study, the
experimental and FE simulated FLDs are compared and also the
stress based FLDs were investigated.
[1] Goodwin G.M., Application of strain analysis to sheet metal forming
problems in press shop, Tans. SAE paper no. 680093, Vol. 77 (1968)
[2] Keeler S. P. and Backofen W.A., Plastic instability and fracture in sheets
stretched over rigid punches, Trans. ASM., Vol. 56, 30-48, (1946)
[3] Keeler S.P, Determination of forming limits in automotive stampings,
Sheet Metal Industries, Vol. 42, 683-695, (1965)
[4] S.S. Hecker, Sheet Met. Ind. 52 (1975) 671–675.
[5] A.K. Tadros, P.B. Mellor, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 20 (1978) 121–134.
[6] J. Gronostajski, A. Dolny, Memories Sci. Rev. Metall. 4 (1980) 570–
578.
[7] K.S. Raghavan, Metall. Trans. A 26 (1995) 2075–2084.
[8] W.M. Sing, K.P. Rao, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 37 (1993) 37–51.
[9] S.E. Clift, P. Hartly, C.E.N. Sturgess, G.W. Rowe, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 32
(1990) 1–17.
[10] H. Takuda, K. Mori, N. Hatta, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 95 (1999)
116–121.
[11] T. Yoshida, T. Katayama, M. Usuda, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 50
(1995) 226–237.
[12] F. Ozturk, D. Lee, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 147 (2004) 397–404.
[13] V.M.Nandedkar and K. Narasimhan, ‘Formability studies on deep
drawing quality steel, Ph.D. Thesis’, IIT Bomaby, Mumbai, 2000.
[14] T.B. Stoughton and X. Zhu, International Journal of Plasticity, 20 (2004)
1463.
[15] GOM optical measuring techniques, ARGUS User Manual, ARGUS v6,
2007.
[1] Goodwin G.M., Application of strain analysis to sheet metal forming
problems in press shop, Tans. SAE paper no. 680093, Vol. 77 (1968)
[2] Keeler S. P. and Backofen W.A., Plastic instability and fracture in sheets
stretched over rigid punches, Trans. ASM., Vol. 56, 30-48, (1946)
[3] Keeler S.P, Determination of forming limits in automotive stampings,
Sheet Metal Industries, Vol. 42, 683-695, (1965)
[4] S.S. Hecker, Sheet Met. Ind. 52 (1975) 671–675.
[5] A.K. Tadros, P.B. Mellor, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 20 (1978) 121–134.
[6] J. Gronostajski, A. Dolny, Memories Sci. Rev. Metall. 4 (1980) 570–
578.
[7] K.S. Raghavan, Metall. Trans. A 26 (1995) 2075–2084.
[8] W.M. Sing, K.P. Rao, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 37 (1993) 37–51.
[9] S.E. Clift, P. Hartly, C.E.N. Sturgess, G.W. Rowe, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 32
(1990) 1–17.
[10] H. Takuda, K. Mori, N. Hatta, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 95 (1999)
116–121.
[11] T. Yoshida, T. Katayama, M. Usuda, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 50
(1995) 226–237.
[12] F. Ozturk, D. Lee, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 147 (2004) 397–404.
[13] V.M.Nandedkar and K. Narasimhan, ‘Formability studies on deep
drawing quality steel, Ph.D. Thesis’, IIT Bomaby, Mumbai, 2000.
[14] T.B. Stoughton and X. Zhu, International Journal of Plasticity, 20 (2004)
1463.
[15] GOM optical measuring techniques, ARGUS User Manual, ARGUS v6,
2007.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:70410", author = "Basavaraj Vadavadagi and Satishkumar Shekhawat", title = "Experimental and Finite Element Forming Limit Diagrams for Interstitial Free Steels", abstract = "Interstitial free steels possess better formability and
have many applications in automotive industries. Forming limit
diagrams (FLDs) indicate the formability of materials which can be
determined by experimental and finite element (FE) simulations.
FLDs were determined experimentally by LDH test, utilizing optical
strain measurement system for measuring the strains in different
width specimens and by FE simulations in Interstitial Free (IF) and
Interstitial Free High Strength (IFHS) steels. In this study, the
experimental and FE simulated FLDs are compared and also the
stress based FLDs were investigated.", keywords = "Forming limit diagram, Limiting Dome Height,
optical strain measurement, interstitial", volume = "8", number = "2", pages = "499-4", }