Effects of Different Plant Densities on the Yield and Quality of Second Crop Sesame
Sesame is one of the oldest and most important oil
crops as main crop and second crop agriculture. This study was
carried out to determine the effects of different inter- and intra-row
spacings on the yield and yield components on second crop sesame;
was set up in Antalya West Mediterranean Agricultural Research
Institue in 2009. Muganlı 57 sesame cultivar was used as plant
material. The field experiment was set up in a split plot design and
row spacings (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 cm) were assigned to the main
plots and and intra-row spacings (5, 10, 20 and 30 cm) were assigned
to the subplots. Seed yield, oil ratio, oil yield, protein ratio and
protein yield were investigated. In general, wided inter row spacings
and intra-row spacings, resulted in decreased seed yield, oil yield and
protein yield. The highest seed yield, oil yield and protein yield
(respectively, 1115.0 kg ha-1, 551.3 kg ha-1, 224.7 kg ha-1) were
obtained from 30x5 cm plant density while the lowest seed yield, oil
yield and protein yield (respectively, 677.0 kg ha-1, 327.0 kg ha-1,
130.0 kg ha-1) were recorded from 70x30 cm plant density. As a
result, in terms of oil yield for second crop sesame agriculture, 30 cm
row spacing, and 5 cm intra row spacing are the most suitable plant
densities.
[1] Bisht IS, Mahajan Loknathan TR, Agrawal RC.,1998. Diversity in
Indian sesame collection and stratification of germplasm accessions in
different diversity groups. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 45: 325-335.
[2] Nayar NM, Mehra KL.,1970. Sesame - Its Uses, Botany, Cytogenetics,
and Origin. Economic Botany 24: 20-31.
[3] Bedigian D.,2003.Evolution of sesame revisited: domestication,
diversity and prospects. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 50: 779-787.
[4] Cag─▒rgan MI.,2006. Selection and morphological characterization of
induced determinate mutants in sesame.Field Crops Res. 96: 19-24
[5] Pham,T.D.,Nguyen, TDT., Carlsson, AS., Bui, TM., 2010.
Morphological evaluation of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties
from different origins. AJCS 4(7):498-504.
[6] Anonymous, 2010. Food and Agricultural Organization statistics
database (FAOSTAT). Available from www.apps.fao/faostat
[7] Atakişi, I., 1984. Production and Breeding of Oilseed Crops. University
of Cukurova, Faculty of Agriculture Publ. No. 147, Adana,
Turkey.MNP, 2005.
[8] Gupta SK, Yadava TP, Parkash K, Thakral NK, Kumar P (1998)
Influence of date of sowing on oil and fatty acid composition in sesame
(Sesamaum indicum L.). Annals of Biology 14: 67-68
[9] Yermanos, D., Hemstreet, M.J., Saleed, W., Huszar, C.K., 1972. Oil
contents and comparison of seed in the world collection of sesame
introduction. J. Agric. Chem. Soc., 49:20-23.
[10] Ryu, S.R., Lee, J.I., Kang, S.S., Choi, C.Y., 1992. Quantitative analysis
of antioxidant (Sesamum and sesamolin) in sesame seed. Korean J. Crop
Sci., 37:377-382.
[11] Hatam, M. and G.O. Abbasi. 1994. "Oilseed Crops" In: Crop production.
1stPrint National Book Foundation, Islamabad: 358-362.
[12] Geleta, B.M., Atak, M.A., Baenziger, P.S., Nelso, L.A., Baltenesperger,
D.D., Eskridge, K.M., Shipmam, M.J. and Shelton, D.R. 2002. Seeding
rate and genotype effects on agronomic performance and end- use
quality of winter wheat. Crop Sci., 42: 827-832.
[13] Adebisi, M.A. 2004. Variation, stability and correlation studies in seed
quality and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). PhD Thesis.
University of Agriculture,Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria.
[14] Kalaiselvan P, Subramaniyan K, Balasubramanian TN.,2002. Effect of
application of N and K on the growth, yield attributes and yields of
sesame. Sesame and Safflower Newsletter 17: 62-65.
[15] Delgado, M. Yermanos, D.M., 1975. Yield component of sesame
(Sesamum indicum L.) under different population densities. Econ.
Botany, 29:68-78.
[16] Weiss, E.A., 1983. Sesame Oil Seed Crops. Longman-s Group, London,
pp: 282-304.
[17] Olewe, V.I.O., Busari, L.D., 1994. Appropriate plant population and
spacing for sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in the southern Guinea
Savanna of Nigeria. Trop. Oil Seeds J., 2: 18-27.
[18] Weiss, E.A., 1971. Castor, Sesame and Safflower. Leonard Hill,
London, pp:443-456.
[19] Akobundu, I.O., 1987. Weed Science in the tropics;Principles and
practices. John Willey, New York, pp:111-300.
[20] Adeyemo, M.O., Ojo, A.O. and Gungula, D.T. 1992. Effects of plant
population density on some agronomic traits and seed yield of sesame
(Sesamum indicum L.) in a Southern Guinea savannah environment.
Tropical Oilseeds J., 1(1): 35-42.
[21] Tiwari, K.P., Jain, R.K., Raghuwanshi, R.S., 1994. Effect of sowing
dates and plant densities on seed yield of sesame cultivars. Crop Res.
Hisar., 8: 404-406.
[22] Mandal, S.S., Das, S.K., Goswami, S.B., Pradhan,B.K., 1990. Yield and
yield attributes of sesame as influenced by potassium nutrition and plant
density. Ind. Agric., 34: 99-102.
[23] Ahmad, R., M. Tariq, M.F. Seleem and S. Ahmad. 2002. Comparative
performance of two sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties under
different row spacing. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 1(5): 546-547.
[24] Rahnama, A., Bakhshandeh, A., 2006. Determination of Optimum Row-
Spacing and Plant Density for Uni-branched Sesame in Khuzestan
Province. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. (2006) Vol. 8: 25-33
[25] Karaaslan, D., Boydak, E., Gercek, S. and Simşek, M. 2007. Influence
of irrigation intervals and row spacing on some yield components of
sesame grown in Harran Region. Asian J. Plant Sci. 6:623-627.
[26] Roy, N., S. M. Abdullah Mamun and M.D. Sarwar Jahan. 2009. Yield
performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties at varying levels
of row spacing. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological
Sciences, 5(5): 823-827.
[27] A.O.A.C., 1975, Official Methods of Analysis (12th Edition), William
Sterwetzled, Published by A.O.A.C., Washington D.C., pp. 506-508.
[28] MSTAT-C, 1991. A Software Program for the Design, Management and
Analysis of Agronomic Research Experiments. Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI.
[29] Channanasavanna, A. S., Setty, R A., 1992, Response of sesame
(Sesamum indicum) genotypes to plant densities under summer
conditions. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 37(3) : 601-602.
[30] Chimanshette, I.G., Dhoble, M.V., 1992. Effect of sowing date and plant
density on seed yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum) varieties. Indian J.
Agron., 37: 280-282
[31] Basavaraj, B., Shetty, R. A., Patil, S. G. and Hunshal, C. S., 2000.
Nutrient content and uptake by sesame varieties as influenced by
fertilizer and population levels under summer irrigated conditions.
Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 13 (1): 141-143.
[32] Imayavaramban, V., Thanunathan, K., Singaravel, R. and Manickam, G.,
2002, Studies on the influence of integrated nutrient management on
growth, yield parameters and seed yield of sesame. Crop Res. Hisar, 24
(2): 309-313.
[33] Çalışkan, S., Arslan, M., Arıoğlu, H., İşler, N., 2004. Effect of planting
merthod and plant population on growth and yield sesame in
Mediterranean type of environment. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 3
(5): 610-613.
[34] Ojikpand, T.O., Okpara, D.A., Muoneke, C.O., 2007. Effect of plant
spacing and sowing date on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production in
Southeastern Nigeria. Niger Agric. J. 38: 12-23.
[35] Arunachalam, L., 1989, Effect of planting dates and population levels on
the yield of sesamum (Sesamum indicum L.). Madras Agricultural
Journal, 76 : 98-101.
[36] Sharma, P.B., Parashar, R.R., Ambawati, G.R., Pillai, P.V.A., 1996.
Response of sesame varieties to plant population and nitrogen levels. J.
Oilseeds Res., 13: 254-255.
[37] Dixit, J.P., Rao, V.S.N., Ambabatiya, G.R., Khan, R.A., 1997.
Productivity of sesame cultivars sown as semi-rabi under various plant
densities and nitrogen levels. Crop Res. Hisar, 13: 27-31.
[38] Naorka, I.R., Haf─▒z, S.I., El-Bramawy, M.A.S., 2011. Response of
sesame to population densities and nitrogen fertilization on newly
reclaimed sandy soils. Pak. J. Bot. 43 (4): 1953-1958.
[39] Atakişi, İ., 1977. Çukurova-da Yetiştirilecek Kolza Çeşitlerinin Önemli
Tarımsal ve Kalite Özellikleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Ç.Ü.
Z.F.Y─▒ll─▒─ƒ─▒,Y─▒l: 8, Say─▒: 1.
[40] Tunçtürk, M., 1998. Van ekolojik Koşullarında Azotlu Gübre Form ve
Dozlar─▒n─▒n Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)-de verim ve Verim Unsurlar─▒
Üzerine Etkisi (Yüksek lisans tezi) Y.Y.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
[1] Bisht IS, Mahajan Loknathan TR, Agrawal RC.,1998. Diversity in
Indian sesame collection and stratification of germplasm accessions in
different diversity groups. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 45: 325-335.
[2] Nayar NM, Mehra KL.,1970. Sesame - Its Uses, Botany, Cytogenetics,
and Origin. Economic Botany 24: 20-31.
[3] Bedigian D.,2003.Evolution of sesame revisited: domestication,
diversity and prospects. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 50: 779-787.
[4] Cag─▒rgan MI.,2006. Selection and morphological characterization of
induced determinate mutants in sesame.Field Crops Res. 96: 19-24
[5] Pham,T.D.,Nguyen, TDT., Carlsson, AS., Bui, TM., 2010.
Morphological evaluation of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties
from different origins. AJCS 4(7):498-504.
[6] Anonymous, 2010. Food and Agricultural Organization statistics
database (FAOSTAT). Available from www.apps.fao/faostat
[7] Atakişi, I., 1984. Production and Breeding of Oilseed Crops. University
of Cukurova, Faculty of Agriculture Publ. No. 147, Adana,
Turkey.MNP, 2005.
[8] Gupta SK, Yadava TP, Parkash K, Thakral NK, Kumar P (1998)
Influence of date of sowing on oil and fatty acid composition in sesame
(Sesamaum indicum L.). Annals of Biology 14: 67-68
[9] Yermanos, D., Hemstreet, M.J., Saleed, W., Huszar, C.K., 1972. Oil
contents and comparison of seed in the world collection of sesame
introduction. J. Agric. Chem. Soc., 49:20-23.
[10] Ryu, S.R., Lee, J.I., Kang, S.S., Choi, C.Y., 1992. Quantitative analysis
of antioxidant (Sesamum and sesamolin) in sesame seed. Korean J. Crop
Sci., 37:377-382.
[11] Hatam, M. and G.O. Abbasi. 1994. "Oilseed Crops" In: Crop production.
1stPrint National Book Foundation, Islamabad: 358-362.
[12] Geleta, B.M., Atak, M.A., Baenziger, P.S., Nelso, L.A., Baltenesperger,
D.D., Eskridge, K.M., Shipmam, M.J. and Shelton, D.R. 2002. Seeding
rate and genotype effects on agronomic performance and end- use
quality of winter wheat. Crop Sci., 42: 827-832.
[13] Adebisi, M.A. 2004. Variation, stability and correlation studies in seed
quality and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). PhD Thesis.
University of Agriculture,Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria.
[14] Kalaiselvan P, Subramaniyan K, Balasubramanian TN.,2002. Effect of
application of N and K on the growth, yield attributes and yields of
sesame. Sesame and Safflower Newsletter 17: 62-65.
[15] Delgado, M. Yermanos, D.M., 1975. Yield component of sesame
(Sesamum indicum L.) under different population densities. Econ.
Botany, 29:68-78.
[16] Weiss, E.A., 1983. Sesame Oil Seed Crops. Longman-s Group, London,
pp: 282-304.
[17] Olewe, V.I.O., Busari, L.D., 1994. Appropriate plant population and
spacing for sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in the southern Guinea
Savanna of Nigeria. Trop. Oil Seeds J., 2: 18-27.
[18] Weiss, E.A., 1971. Castor, Sesame and Safflower. Leonard Hill,
London, pp:443-456.
[19] Akobundu, I.O., 1987. Weed Science in the tropics;Principles and
practices. John Willey, New York, pp:111-300.
[20] Adeyemo, M.O., Ojo, A.O. and Gungula, D.T. 1992. Effects of plant
population density on some agronomic traits and seed yield of sesame
(Sesamum indicum L.) in a Southern Guinea savannah environment.
Tropical Oilseeds J., 1(1): 35-42.
[21] Tiwari, K.P., Jain, R.K., Raghuwanshi, R.S., 1994. Effect of sowing
dates and plant densities on seed yield of sesame cultivars. Crop Res.
Hisar., 8: 404-406.
[22] Mandal, S.S., Das, S.K., Goswami, S.B., Pradhan,B.K., 1990. Yield and
yield attributes of sesame as influenced by potassium nutrition and plant
density. Ind. Agric., 34: 99-102.
[23] Ahmad, R., M. Tariq, M.F. Seleem and S. Ahmad. 2002. Comparative
performance of two sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties under
different row spacing. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 1(5): 546-547.
[24] Rahnama, A., Bakhshandeh, A., 2006. Determination of Optimum Row-
Spacing and Plant Density for Uni-branched Sesame in Khuzestan
Province. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. (2006) Vol. 8: 25-33
[25] Karaaslan, D., Boydak, E., Gercek, S. and Simşek, M. 2007. Influence
of irrigation intervals and row spacing on some yield components of
sesame grown in Harran Region. Asian J. Plant Sci. 6:623-627.
[26] Roy, N., S. M. Abdullah Mamun and M.D. Sarwar Jahan. 2009. Yield
performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties at varying levels
of row spacing. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological
Sciences, 5(5): 823-827.
[27] A.O.A.C., 1975, Official Methods of Analysis (12th Edition), William
Sterwetzled, Published by A.O.A.C., Washington D.C., pp. 506-508.
[28] MSTAT-C, 1991. A Software Program for the Design, Management and
Analysis of Agronomic Research Experiments. Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI.
[29] Channanasavanna, A. S., Setty, R A., 1992, Response of sesame
(Sesamum indicum) genotypes to plant densities under summer
conditions. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 37(3) : 601-602.
[30] Chimanshette, I.G., Dhoble, M.V., 1992. Effect of sowing date and plant
density on seed yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum) varieties. Indian J.
Agron., 37: 280-282
[31] Basavaraj, B., Shetty, R. A., Patil, S. G. and Hunshal, C. S., 2000.
Nutrient content and uptake by sesame varieties as influenced by
fertilizer and population levels under summer irrigated conditions.
Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 13 (1): 141-143.
[32] Imayavaramban, V., Thanunathan, K., Singaravel, R. and Manickam, G.,
2002, Studies on the influence of integrated nutrient management on
growth, yield parameters and seed yield of sesame. Crop Res. Hisar, 24
(2): 309-313.
[33] Çalışkan, S., Arslan, M., Arıoğlu, H., İşler, N., 2004. Effect of planting
merthod and plant population on growth and yield sesame in
Mediterranean type of environment. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 3
(5): 610-613.
[34] Ojikpand, T.O., Okpara, D.A., Muoneke, C.O., 2007. Effect of plant
spacing and sowing date on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production in
Southeastern Nigeria. Niger Agric. J. 38: 12-23.
[35] Arunachalam, L., 1989, Effect of planting dates and population levels on
the yield of sesamum (Sesamum indicum L.). Madras Agricultural
Journal, 76 : 98-101.
[36] Sharma, P.B., Parashar, R.R., Ambawati, G.R., Pillai, P.V.A., 1996.
Response of sesame varieties to plant population and nitrogen levels. J.
Oilseeds Res., 13: 254-255.
[37] Dixit, J.P., Rao, V.S.N., Ambabatiya, G.R., Khan, R.A., 1997.
Productivity of sesame cultivars sown as semi-rabi under various plant
densities and nitrogen levels. Crop Res. Hisar, 13: 27-31.
[38] Naorka, I.R., Haf─▒z, S.I., El-Bramawy, M.A.S., 2011. Response of
sesame to population densities and nitrogen fertilization on newly
reclaimed sandy soils. Pak. J. Bot. 43 (4): 1953-1958.
[39] Atakişi, İ., 1977. Çukurova-da Yetiştirilecek Kolza Çeşitlerinin Önemli
Tarımsal ve Kalite Özellikleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Ç.Ü.
Z.F.Y─▒ll─▒─ƒ─▒,Y─▒l: 8, Say─▒: 1.
[40] Tunçtürk, M., 1998. Van ekolojik Koşullarında Azotlu Gübre Form ve
Dozlar─▒n─▒n Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)-de verim ve Verim Unsurlar─▒
Üzerine Etkisi (Yüksek lisans tezi) Y.Y.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:63123", author = "Ö. Öztürk and O. Şaman", title = "Effects of Different Plant Densities on the Yield and Quality of Second Crop Sesame", abstract = "Sesame is one of the oldest and most important oil
crops as main crop and second crop agriculture. This study was
carried out to determine the effects of different inter- and intra-row
spacings on the yield and yield components on second crop sesame;
was set up in Antalya West Mediterranean Agricultural Research
Institue in 2009. Muganlı 57 sesame cultivar was used as plant
material. The field experiment was set up in a split plot design and
row spacings (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 cm) were assigned to the main
plots and and intra-row spacings (5, 10, 20 and 30 cm) were assigned
to the subplots. Seed yield, oil ratio, oil yield, protein ratio and
protein yield were investigated. In general, wided inter row spacings
and intra-row spacings, resulted in decreased seed yield, oil yield and
protein yield. The highest seed yield, oil yield and protein yield
(respectively, 1115.0 kg ha-1, 551.3 kg ha-1, 224.7 kg ha-1) were
obtained from 30x5 cm plant density while the lowest seed yield, oil
yield and protein yield (respectively, 677.0 kg ha-1, 327.0 kg ha-1,
130.0 kg ha-1) were recorded from 70x30 cm plant density. As a
result, in terms of oil yield for second crop sesame agriculture, 30 cm
row spacing, and 5 cm intra row spacing are the most suitable plant
densities.", keywords = "Sesamum indicum L., oil ratio, oil yield, protein
ratio, protein yield", volume = "6", number = "9", pages = "800-6", }
