Dynamic Shear Energy Absorption of Ultra-High Performance Concrete
The exemplary mechanical performance and durability of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has led to its rapid emergence as an advanced cementitious material. The uncharacteristically high mechanical strength and ductility of UHPC makes it a promising potential material for defense structures which may be subject to highly dynamic loads like impact or blast. However, the mechanical response of UHPC under dynamic loading has not been fully characterized. In particular, there is a need to characterize the energy absorption of UHPC under high-frequency shear loading. This paper presents preliminary results from a parametric study of the dynamic shear energy absorption of UHPC using the Charpy impact test. UHPC mixtures with compressive strengths in the range of 100-150 MPa exhibited dynamic shear energy absorption in the range of 0.9-1.5 kJ/m. Energy absorption is shown to be sensitive to the water/cement ratio, silica fume content, and aggregate gradation. Energy absorption was weakly correlated to compressive strength. Results are highly sensitive to specimen preparation methods, and there is a demonstrated need for a standardized test method for high frequency shear in cementitious composites.
[1] B. Graybeal, "Material Property Characterization of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (FHWA-HRT-06-103)," Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 2006.W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[2] B. Graybeal, "Ultra-High Performance Concrete (FHWA-HRT-11-038)," Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 2011.
[3] H. Russell and B. Graybeal, "Ultra-high performance concrete: A state-of-the-art report for the bridge community (FHWA-HRT-13-060)," Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 2013.
[4] J. Resplendino, "First recommendations for ultra-high-performance concretes and examples of application," in International Symposium on Ultra High Performance Concrete, 2004.
[5] S. Rahman, T. Molyneaux and I. Ptnaikuni, "Ultra high performance concrete: Recent applications and research," Australian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13-20, 2005.
[6] M. Schmidt and E. Fehling, "Ultra-high-performance concrete: Research, development and application in Europe," ACI Special Publication, vol. 228, pp. 51-78, 2005.
[7] N. Yi, J. Kim, T. Han, Y. Cho and J. Lee, "Blast-resistant characteristics of ultra-gigh strength concrete and reactive powder concrete," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 694-707, 2012.
[8] M. Rebentrost and G. Wight, "Investigation of UHPFRC slabs under blast loads," in Proceedings, Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete 2009, 2009.
[9] B. Ellis, B. DiPaolo, D. McDowell and M. Zhou, "Experimental investigation and multiscale modeling of ultra-high-performance concrete panels subject to blast loading," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 69, pp. 95-103, 2014.
[10] B. Lukic and P. Forquin, "Experimental characterization of the punch through shear strength of an ultra-high performance concrete," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 91, pp. 34-45, 2016.
[11] K. Wille, A. Naaman and G. Parra-Montesinos, "Ultra-hgih performance concrete with compressive strength exceeding 150 MPa (22 ksi): A simpler way," ACI Materials Journal, vol. 108, no. 1, 2011.
[12] P. Maca, R. Sovjak and P. Konvalinka, "Mix design of UHPC and its response to projectile impact," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 63, pp. 158-163, 2014.
[13] Y. Farnam, S. Mohammadi and M. Shekarchi, "Experimental and numerical investigations of low velocity impact behavior of high-performance fiber-reinforced cement based composite," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 220-229, 2010.
[14] L. Mao, S. Bernett, D. Begg, G. Schleyer and G. Wight, "Numerical simulation of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete panel subjected to blast loading," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 64, pp. 91-100, 2014.
[15] C. Wu, D. Oehlers, M. Rebentrost, J. Leach and A. Whittaker, "Blast testing of ultra-high performance fibre and FRP-retrofitted concrete slabs," Engineering Structures, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 2060-2069, 2009.
[16] R. Yu, L. van Beers, P. Spiesz and H. Brouwers, "Impact resistance of a sustainable Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) under pendulum impact loadings," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 107, pp. 203-215, 2016.
[17] R. Yu, P. Spiesz and H. Brouwers, "Static properties and ipmact resistance of a green Ultra-High Performance Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPHFRC): Experiments and modeling," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 68, pp. 158-171, 2014.
[18] C. Yalcinkaya, J. Sznajder, A. Beglatigale, O. Sancakoglu and H. Yazici, "Abrasion resistance of reactive powder concrete: The influence of water-to-cement ratio and steel micro-fibers," Advanced Materials Letters, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 345-351, 2014.
[19] S. Allena and C. Newtson, "Ultra-high strength concrete mixtures using local materials," Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 322-330, 2011.
[20] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM C150-16 Standard Specification for Portland Cement, ASTM International, 2016.
[21] American Socienty of Testing and Materials, ASTM C494-15a Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete, ASTM International, 2015.
[22] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM C109-16a Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or (50-mm) Cube Specimens), ASTM International, 2016.
[23] B. Graybeal and M. Davis, "Cylinder or cube: Strength testing of 80 to 200 MPa (11.6 to 29 ksi) ultra-high-perofrmance fiber-reinforced concrete," ACI Materials Journal, vol. 105, no. 6, pp. 603-609, 2008.
[24] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM E23-16b Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials, ASTM International, 2016.
[25] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM D6110-10 Standard Test Method for Determining the Charpy Impact Resistance of Notched Specimens of Plastic, ASTM International, 2010.
[26] A. LeChatalier, "On the fragility after immersion in a cold fluid," French Testing Commission, vol. 3, 1892.
[27] T. Lavin, H. Toutanji, B. Xu, R. K. Ooi, K. R. Biszick and J. A. Gilbert, "Matrix design for strategically tuned absolutely resilient structures (STARS)," in Proceedings of SEM XI International Congress on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Orlando, Florida, 2008.
[1] B. Graybeal, "Material Property Characterization of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (FHWA-HRT-06-103)," Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 2006.W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[2] B. Graybeal, "Ultra-High Performance Concrete (FHWA-HRT-11-038)," Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 2011.
[3] H. Russell and B. Graybeal, "Ultra-high performance concrete: A state-of-the-art report for the bridge community (FHWA-HRT-13-060)," Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 2013.
[4] J. Resplendino, "First recommendations for ultra-high-performance concretes and examples of application," in International Symposium on Ultra High Performance Concrete, 2004.
[5] S. Rahman, T. Molyneaux and I. Ptnaikuni, "Ultra high performance concrete: Recent applications and research," Australian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13-20, 2005.
[6] M. Schmidt and E. Fehling, "Ultra-high-performance concrete: Research, development and application in Europe," ACI Special Publication, vol. 228, pp. 51-78, 2005.
[7] N. Yi, J. Kim, T. Han, Y. Cho and J. Lee, "Blast-resistant characteristics of ultra-gigh strength concrete and reactive powder concrete," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 694-707, 2012.
[8] M. Rebentrost and G. Wight, "Investigation of UHPFRC slabs under blast loads," in Proceedings, Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete 2009, 2009.
[9] B. Ellis, B. DiPaolo, D. McDowell and M. Zhou, "Experimental investigation and multiscale modeling of ultra-high-performance concrete panels subject to blast loading," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 69, pp. 95-103, 2014.
[10] B. Lukic and P. Forquin, "Experimental characterization of the punch through shear strength of an ultra-high performance concrete," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 91, pp. 34-45, 2016.
[11] K. Wille, A. Naaman and G. Parra-Montesinos, "Ultra-hgih performance concrete with compressive strength exceeding 150 MPa (22 ksi): A simpler way," ACI Materials Journal, vol. 108, no. 1, 2011.
[12] P. Maca, R. Sovjak and P. Konvalinka, "Mix design of UHPC and its response to projectile impact," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 63, pp. 158-163, 2014.
[13] Y. Farnam, S. Mohammadi and M. Shekarchi, "Experimental and numerical investigations of low velocity impact behavior of high-performance fiber-reinforced cement based composite," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 220-229, 2010.
[14] L. Mao, S. Bernett, D. Begg, G. Schleyer and G. Wight, "Numerical simulation of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete panel subjected to blast loading," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 64, pp. 91-100, 2014.
[15] C. Wu, D. Oehlers, M. Rebentrost, J. Leach and A. Whittaker, "Blast testing of ultra-high performance fibre and FRP-retrofitted concrete slabs," Engineering Structures, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 2060-2069, 2009.
[16] R. Yu, L. van Beers, P. Spiesz and H. Brouwers, "Impact resistance of a sustainable Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) under pendulum impact loadings," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 107, pp. 203-215, 2016.
[17] R. Yu, P. Spiesz and H. Brouwers, "Static properties and ipmact resistance of a green Ultra-High Performance Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPHFRC): Experiments and modeling," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 68, pp. 158-171, 2014.
[18] C. Yalcinkaya, J. Sznajder, A. Beglatigale, O. Sancakoglu and H. Yazici, "Abrasion resistance of reactive powder concrete: The influence of water-to-cement ratio and steel micro-fibers," Advanced Materials Letters, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 345-351, 2014.
[19] S. Allena and C. Newtson, "Ultra-high strength concrete mixtures using local materials," Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 322-330, 2011.
[20] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM C150-16 Standard Specification for Portland Cement, ASTM International, 2016.
[21] American Socienty of Testing and Materials, ASTM C494-15a Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete, ASTM International, 2015.
[22] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM C109-16a Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or (50-mm) Cube Specimens), ASTM International, 2016.
[23] B. Graybeal and M. Davis, "Cylinder or cube: Strength testing of 80 to 200 MPa (11.6 to 29 ksi) ultra-high-perofrmance fiber-reinforced concrete," ACI Materials Journal, vol. 105, no. 6, pp. 603-609, 2008.
[24] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM E23-16b Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials, ASTM International, 2016.
[25] American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM D6110-10 Standard Test Method for Determining the Charpy Impact Resistance of Notched Specimens of Plastic, ASTM International, 2010.
[26] A. LeChatalier, "On the fragility after immersion in a cold fluid," French Testing Commission, vol. 3, 1892.
[27] T. Lavin, H. Toutanji, B. Xu, R. K. Ooi, K. R. Biszick and J. A. Gilbert, "Matrix design for strategically tuned absolutely resilient structures (STARS)," in Proceedings of SEM XI International Congress on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Orlando, Florida, 2008.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:74970", author = "Robert J. Thomas and Colton Bedke and Andrew Sorensen", title = "Dynamic Shear Energy Absorption of Ultra-High Performance Concrete", abstract = "The exemplary mechanical performance and durability of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has led to its rapid emergence as an advanced cementitious material. The uncharacteristically high mechanical strength and ductility of UHPC makes it a promising potential material for defense structures which may be subject to highly dynamic loads like impact or blast. However, the mechanical response of UHPC under dynamic loading has not been fully characterized. In particular, there is a need to characterize the energy absorption of UHPC under high-frequency shear loading. This paper presents preliminary results from a parametric study of the dynamic shear energy absorption of UHPC using the Charpy impact test. UHPC mixtures with compressive strengths in the range of 100-150 MPa exhibited dynamic shear energy absorption in the range of 0.9-1.5 kJ/m. Energy absorption is shown to be sensitive to the water/cement ratio, silica fume content, and aggregate gradation. Energy absorption was weakly correlated to compressive strength. Results are highly sensitive to specimen preparation methods, and there is a demonstrated need for a standardized test method for high frequency shear in cementitious composites.
", keywords = "Charpy impact test, dynamic shear, impact loading, ultra-high performance concrete.", volume = "11", number = "3", pages = "286-6", }
