CFD Study on the Effect of Primary Air on Combustion of Simulated MSW Process in the Fixed Bed
Incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of
the key scopes in the global clean energy strategy. A computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) model was established in order to reveal these
features of the combustion process in a fixed porous bed of MSW.
Transporting equations and process rate equations of the waste bed
were modeled and set up to describe the incineration process,
according to the local thermal conditions and waste property
characters. Gas phase turbulence was modeled using k-ε turbulent
model and the particle phase was modeled using the kinetic theory of
granular flow. The heterogeneous reaction rates were determined
using Arrhenius eddy dissipation and the Arrhenius-diffusion
reaction rates. The effects of primary air flow rate and temperature in
the burning process of simulated MSW are investigated
experimentally and numerically. The simulation results in bed are
accordant with experimental data well. The model provides detailed
information on burning processes in the fixed bed, which is otherwise
very difficult to obtain by conventional experimental techniques.
[1] Ligang Liang, Rui Sun, Qiang Guo, Kui Dai, Shaohua Wu.
Experimental Study on Combustion of Simulated Municipal Solid
Wastes in a Fixed Bed. 4th i-CIPEC, September 26-29, 2006, Kyoto,
Japan.
[2] H. Thunman, L-E. Amand, F. Ghirelli, et al. Modelling and verifying
experiments on the whole furnace principles and models of solid fuel
combustion. Chalmers University of Technology, 2001.
[3] M.J.V. Goldschmidt, R. Beetstra, J.A.M. Kuipers, Hydrodynamic
modeling of dense gas-fluidized beds: comparison of the kinetic theory
of granular flow with 3D hard-sphere discrete particle simulations,
Chemical Engineering Science, 57 (2002), 2059–2075.
[4] S. Benyahia, H. Arastoopour, T.M. Knowlton, H. Massah, Simulation of
particles and gas flow behavior in the riser section of a circulating
fluidized bed using the kinetic theory approach for the particulate phase,
Powder Technology 112 (2000), 24–33.
[5] P.T. Radulovic, M.U. Ghani, L.D. Smoot, An improved model for fixed
bed coal combustion and gasification, Fuel 74 (1995), 582–594.
[6] Y. B. Yang, V. N. Sharifi, J. Swithenbank. Effect of air flow rate and
fuel moisture on the burning behaviours of biomass and simulated
municipal solid wastes in packed beds. Fuel, 2004, 83(11-12): 1553-
1562
[7] Y. B. Yang, H. Yamauchi, V. Nasserzadeh, et al. Effects of fuel
devolatilization on the combustion of wood chips and incineration of
simulated municipal solid wastes in a packed bed. Fuel, 2003, 82(18):
2205-2221
[8] C. Ryu, D. Shin, S. Choi. Effect of fuel layer mixing in the waste bed
combustion. Advances in Environmental Research, 2001, 5(3): 259-267
[9] J. J. Saastanainen, R. Taipale, M. Horttanainen, et al. Propagation of the
ignition front in beds of wood particles. Combustion and Flame, 2000,
123(1-2): 214-226
[10] Y. R. Goh, R. G. Siddall, V. Nasserzadeh, et al. Mathematical modeling
of the waste incinerator burning bed. J Inst Energy, 1998, 71: 110-118
[11] Y. R .Goh, C. N. Lim, K.H. Chan, et al. Mixing, modelling and
measurements of incinerator bed combustion. The Second International
Symposium on Incineration and Flue Gas Treatment Technology, 1999:
4-6
[12] R. Zakaria, Y. R. Goh, Y. B. Yang, et al. Reduction of NOx emission
from the burning bed in a municipal solid waste incinerator. The Fifth
European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, Espinho-
Porto-Portugal, 2000: 11-14
[13] M. Rönnbäck, M. Axell, L. Gustavsson. Combustion processes in a
biomass fuel bed–experimental results. Progress in Thermochemical
Conversion, Tyrol, Austria, 2000, 17-22
[14] V. N. Sharifi. Optimization study of incineration in a MSW incinerator
with a vertical radiation Shaft. PhD Thesis. 1990
[15] Y. Tsuji, Activities in discrete particle simulation in Japan, Powder
Technology 113 (2000), 278–286.
[16] P.D. Cudall, O.D.L.A. Strack, Discrete numerical model for granular
assemblies, Geotechnique 29 (1979), 47–65.
[17] J. Ding, D. Gidaspow, A bubbling fluidization model using kinetic
theory of granular flow, AIChE Journal 36 (1990), 523–538.
[18] D. Gidaspow, Multiphase Flow and Fluidization: Continuum and
Kinetic Theory Description, Academic Press, San Diego, 1994.
[19] Rui Sun, Tamer M. Ismail, Xiaohan Ren, M. Abd El-Salam. Numerical
and Experimental Studies on Effects of Moisture Content on
Combustion Characteristics of Simulated Municipal Solid Wastes in a
Fixed Bed. Waste Management in Press, Corrected Proof, Available
online 4 March 2015.
[20] T.M. Ismail, M. Abd El-Salam, M.A. El-Kady, S.M. El-Haggar, Three
dimensional model of transport and chemical late phenomena on a MSW
incinerator, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 77 (2014), 139-
157.
[21] Ligang Liang, Rui Sun, Jun Fei, Shaohua Wu, Xiang Liu, Kui Dai, Na
Yao, Experimental study on effects of moisture content on combustion
characteristics of simulated municipal solid wastes in a fixed bed,
Bioresource Technology 99 (2008) 7238–7246.
[22] B. Peters, N. Thomas, B. Christian, 2003. Modeling wood combustion
under fixed bed conditions. Fuel, 82, 729–738.
[23] De Soete, G.G., 1975. Overall reaction rates of NO and N2 formation
from fuel nitrogen. In: Fifteenth Symposium (International) on
Combustion. The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 1093–1102.
[24] S. C. Hill, L. D. Smoot., 2000. Modeling of nitrogen oxides formation
and destruction in combustion systems. Progress in Energy and
Combustion Science 26(4): 417-458.
[25] Levy JM, Chen LK, Sarofim AF, Baer JM. Eighteenth Symposium
(International) on Combustion, the Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA,
1981. p. 111.
[26] Di Blasi C, 2004. Modeling wood gasification in a countercurrent fixedbed
reactor, AIChE Journal, 50, 9.
[27] J. Cooper, W. L. H. Hallett, 2000. A Numerical Model for Packed-Bed
Combustion of Char Particles. Chemical Engineering Science, 55, 4451–
4460.
[28] Launder, b. E. and Spalding, D. B. The numerical computations of
turbulent flows. 1974.
[29] D. Gidaspow, 1994. A Bubbling Fluidization Model Using Kinetic
Theory of Granular Flow. AIChE Journal, 32, 1, 523–538.
[30] S. Hermann, 1979. Boundary layer theory. McGraw-Hill, Seventh
Edition.
[31] H. Arastoopour, 2001. Numerical simulation and experimental analysis
of gas-solid flow systems: 1999 fluor-daniel plenary lecture, Powder
Technology, 119, 59-67.
[32] Rosseland, S., Theoretical Astrophysics: Atomic Theory and the
Analysis of Stellar Atmospheres and Envelopes, Oxford, UK:
Clarendon, 1936.
[33] S.V. Patankar, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Hemisphere,
1980.
[34] W.Q. Tao, Numerical Heat Transfer, second ed., Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an, 2001.
[35] D. Shin, S. Choi. The combustion of simulated waste particles in a fixed
bed. Combustion and Flame, 2000, 121 (1-2): 167-180.
[36] Zhou, H., Jensen, A.D., Glarborg, P., et al., 2005. Numerical modeling
of straw combustion in a fixed bed. Fuel 84 (4), 389–403.
[1] Ligang Liang, Rui Sun, Qiang Guo, Kui Dai, Shaohua Wu.
Experimental Study on Combustion of Simulated Municipal Solid
Wastes in a Fixed Bed. 4th i-CIPEC, September 26-29, 2006, Kyoto,
Japan.
[2] H. Thunman, L-E. Amand, F. Ghirelli, et al. Modelling and verifying
experiments on the whole furnace principles and models of solid fuel
combustion. Chalmers University of Technology, 2001.
[3] M.J.V. Goldschmidt, R. Beetstra, J.A.M. Kuipers, Hydrodynamic
modeling of dense gas-fluidized beds: comparison of the kinetic theory
of granular flow with 3D hard-sphere discrete particle simulations,
Chemical Engineering Science, 57 (2002), 2059–2075.
[4] S. Benyahia, H. Arastoopour, T.M. Knowlton, H. Massah, Simulation of
particles and gas flow behavior in the riser section of a circulating
fluidized bed using the kinetic theory approach for the particulate phase,
Powder Technology 112 (2000), 24–33.
[5] P.T. Radulovic, M.U. Ghani, L.D. Smoot, An improved model for fixed
bed coal combustion and gasification, Fuel 74 (1995), 582–594.
[6] Y. B. Yang, V. N. Sharifi, J. Swithenbank. Effect of air flow rate and
fuel moisture on the burning behaviours of biomass and simulated
municipal solid wastes in packed beds. Fuel, 2004, 83(11-12): 1553-
1562
[7] Y. B. Yang, H. Yamauchi, V. Nasserzadeh, et al. Effects of fuel
devolatilization on the combustion of wood chips and incineration of
simulated municipal solid wastes in a packed bed. Fuel, 2003, 82(18):
2205-2221
[8] C. Ryu, D. Shin, S. Choi. Effect of fuel layer mixing in the waste bed
combustion. Advances in Environmental Research, 2001, 5(3): 259-267
[9] J. J. Saastanainen, R. Taipale, M. Horttanainen, et al. Propagation of the
ignition front in beds of wood particles. Combustion and Flame, 2000,
123(1-2): 214-226
[10] Y. R. Goh, R. G. Siddall, V. Nasserzadeh, et al. Mathematical modeling
of the waste incinerator burning bed. J Inst Energy, 1998, 71: 110-118
[11] Y. R .Goh, C. N. Lim, K.H. Chan, et al. Mixing, modelling and
measurements of incinerator bed combustion. The Second International
Symposium on Incineration and Flue Gas Treatment Technology, 1999:
4-6
[12] R. Zakaria, Y. R. Goh, Y. B. Yang, et al. Reduction of NOx emission
from the burning bed in a municipal solid waste incinerator. The Fifth
European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, Espinho-
Porto-Portugal, 2000: 11-14
[13] M. Rönnbäck, M. Axell, L. Gustavsson. Combustion processes in a
biomass fuel bed–experimental results. Progress in Thermochemical
Conversion, Tyrol, Austria, 2000, 17-22
[14] V. N. Sharifi. Optimization study of incineration in a MSW incinerator
with a vertical radiation Shaft. PhD Thesis. 1990
[15] Y. Tsuji, Activities in discrete particle simulation in Japan, Powder
Technology 113 (2000), 278–286.
[16] P.D. Cudall, O.D.L.A. Strack, Discrete numerical model for granular
assemblies, Geotechnique 29 (1979), 47–65.
[17] J. Ding, D. Gidaspow, A bubbling fluidization model using kinetic
theory of granular flow, AIChE Journal 36 (1990), 523–538.
[18] D. Gidaspow, Multiphase Flow and Fluidization: Continuum and
Kinetic Theory Description, Academic Press, San Diego, 1994.
[19] Rui Sun, Tamer M. Ismail, Xiaohan Ren, M. Abd El-Salam. Numerical
and Experimental Studies on Effects of Moisture Content on
Combustion Characteristics of Simulated Municipal Solid Wastes in a
Fixed Bed. Waste Management in Press, Corrected Proof, Available
online 4 March 2015.
[20] T.M. Ismail, M. Abd El-Salam, M.A. El-Kady, S.M. El-Haggar, Three
dimensional model of transport and chemical late phenomena on a MSW
incinerator, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 77 (2014), 139-
157.
[21] Ligang Liang, Rui Sun, Jun Fei, Shaohua Wu, Xiang Liu, Kui Dai, Na
Yao, Experimental study on effects of moisture content on combustion
characteristics of simulated municipal solid wastes in a fixed bed,
Bioresource Technology 99 (2008) 7238–7246.
[22] B. Peters, N. Thomas, B. Christian, 2003. Modeling wood combustion
under fixed bed conditions. Fuel, 82, 729–738.
[23] De Soete, G.G., 1975. Overall reaction rates of NO and N2 formation
from fuel nitrogen. In: Fifteenth Symposium (International) on
Combustion. The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 1093–1102.
[24] S. C. Hill, L. D. Smoot., 2000. Modeling of nitrogen oxides formation
and destruction in combustion systems. Progress in Energy and
Combustion Science 26(4): 417-458.
[25] Levy JM, Chen LK, Sarofim AF, Baer JM. Eighteenth Symposium
(International) on Combustion, the Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA,
1981. p. 111.
[26] Di Blasi C, 2004. Modeling wood gasification in a countercurrent fixedbed
reactor, AIChE Journal, 50, 9.
[27] J. Cooper, W. L. H. Hallett, 2000. A Numerical Model for Packed-Bed
Combustion of Char Particles. Chemical Engineering Science, 55, 4451–
4460.
[28] Launder, b. E. and Spalding, D. B. The numerical computations of
turbulent flows. 1974.
[29] D. Gidaspow, 1994. A Bubbling Fluidization Model Using Kinetic
Theory of Granular Flow. AIChE Journal, 32, 1, 523–538.
[30] S. Hermann, 1979. Boundary layer theory. McGraw-Hill, Seventh
Edition.
[31] H. Arastoopour, 2001. Numerical simulation and experimental analysis
of gas-solid flow systems: 1999 fluor-daniel plenary lecture, Powder
Technology, 119, 59-67.
[32] Rosseland, S., Theoretical Astrophysics: Atomic Theory and the
Analysis of Stellar Atmospheres and Envelopes, Oxford, UK:
Clarendon, 1936.
[33] S.V. Patankar, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Hemisphere,
1980.
[34] W.Q. Tao, Numerical Heat Transfer, second ed., Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an, 2001.
[35] D. Shin, S. Choi. The combustion of simulated waste particles in a fixed
bed. Combustion and Flame, 2000, 121 (1-2): 167-180.
[36] Zhou, H., Jensen, A.D., Glarborg, P., et al., 2005. Numerical modeling
of straw combustion in a fixed bed. Fuel 84 (4), 389–403.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:69669", author = "Rui Sun and Tamer M. Ismail and Xiaohan Ren and M. Abd El-Salam", title = "CFD Study on the Effect of Primary Air on Combustion of Simulated MSW Process in the Fixed Bed", abstract = "Incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of
the key scopes in the global clean energy strategy. A computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) model was established in order to reveal these
features of the combustion process in a fixed porous bed of MSW.
Transporting equations and process rate equations of the waste bed
were modeled and set up to describe the incineration process,
according to the local thermal conditions and waste property
characters. Gas phase turbulence was modeled using k-ε turbulent
model and the particle phase was modeled using the kinetic theory of
granular flow. The heterogeneous reaction rates were determined
using Arrhenius eddy dissipation and the Arrhenius-diffusion
reaction rates. The effects of primary air flow rate and temperature in
the burning process of simulated MSW are investigated
experimentally and numerically. The simulation results in bed are
accordant with experimental data well. The model provides detailed
information on burning processes in the fixed bed, which is otherwise
very difficult to obtain by conventional experimental techniques.
", keywords = "Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model, Waste
Incineration, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Fixed Bed, Primary air.", volume = "9", number = "4", pages = "623-9", }
