Biodegradation of Polyhydroxybutyrate-Co- Hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) Blended with Natural Rubber in Soil Environment
According to synthetic plastics obtained from petroleum cause some environmental problems. Therefore, degradable plastics become widely used and studied for replacing the synthetic plastic waste. A biopolymer of poly hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) is subgroups of a main kind of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Naturally, PHBV is hard, brittle and low flexible while natural rubber (NR) is high elastic latex. Then, they are blended and the biodegradation of the blended PHBV and NR films were examined in soil environment. The results showed that the degradation occurs predominantly in the bulk of the samples. The order of biodegradability was shown as follows: PHBV> PHBV/NR> NR. After biodegradation, the blended films were characterized by appearance analysis such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). It was found that the biodegradation mainly occurred at the polymer surface.
[1] B. Singh, N. Sharma, Mechanistic implications of plastic degradation,
Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 93, pp. 561–584, Mar. 2008.
[2] A. Buzarovska, A. Grozdanov, Crystallization kinetics of poly
(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) and poly (dicychexylitaconate)
PHBV/PDCHI blends: thermal properties and hydrolytic degradation,
Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 44 Issue 7, pp. 1844-1850, Apr. 2009.
[3] V. Sridhar, I Lee, H. H. Chun, H. Park, Graphene reinforced
biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) nanocom
posites, Express Polymer Letters, vol. 7 Issue 4, pp. 320-328, Apr. 2013.
[4] Y. X. Weng, Y. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Z. Wang, Biodegradation
behavior of PHBV films in a pilot-scale composting condition, Polymer
Testing, vol. 29, pp. 579–587, Apr. 2010.
[5] J. F. J. Coelho, J. R. Góis, A. C. Fonseca, M H Gil, Modification of
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-co-poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) with natural
rubber, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 116 , pp. 718-
726, 2009.
[6] P. Keawkannetra, S. Promkotra, Quality improvement and
characteristics of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and natural latex
rubber blends, Defect and Diffusion Forum, vol. 334-335, pp. 49-54,
Feb. 2013.
[7] T. G. Volova, A. N. Boyandin, A. D. Vasiliev, V. A Karpov, S. V.
Prudnikova, O. V. Mishukova, U. A. Boyarskikh, M. L. Filipenko, V.
P. Rudnev, Bá Xuân, Bùi Việt Dũng, Vũ, I.I. Gitelson, Biodegradation
of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in tropical coastal waters and
identification of PHA-degrading bacteria. Polymer Degradation and
Stability, Vol. 95, issue 12, pp. 2350-2359, Dec. 2010.
[8] A. Luc, P. Eric, Environmental Silicate Nano-Biocomposites. Green
Energy and Technology: Springer, 2012, ch. 2X. Wang, Z. Chen, X.
[9] N. Teramoto, K. Urata, K. Ozawa, M. Shibata, Biodegradation of
aliphatic polyester composites reinforced by abaca fiber, Polymer
Degradation and Stability, Vol. 86, pp. 401-409, Apr. 2004.
[10] M. V. Arcos-Hernandez, B. Laycock, S. Pratt, B. C. Donose, M. A. L.
Nikoli, P. Luckman, A. Werker, P. A. Lant, Biodegradation in a soil
environment of activated sludge derived polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHBV),
Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 97, pp. 2301–2312, Nov.
2012.
[11] E. Cherian, K. Jayachandran, Microbial Degradation of Natural Rubber
Latex by a Novel Species of Bacillus sp. SBS25 Isolated from Soil,
International Journal of Environmental Research, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 599-
604, 2009.
[12] A. Buzarovska, A. Grozdanov, M. Avella, G. Gentile, M. Errico, Poly
(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/Titanium Dioxide
Nanocomposites: A Degradation Study, Journal of Applied Polymer
Science, vol. 114, No. 5, pp. 3118-3124.
[13] C. Nakason, A. Kaesaman, P. Supasanthitikul, The grafting of maleic
anhydride onto natural rubber, Polymer Testing, vol. 23, pp. 35–41.
[14] S. P. C. Goncalaves, S. M. M. Franchetti, Action of soil microorganisms
on PCL and PHBV blend and films, Journal of Polymers and the
Environment, Vol. 6, pp. 714-719, Dec. 2010. [15] N. Bekkedahl, Forms of Rubber as Indicated by Temperature-Volume
Relationship. Rubber Chemistry and Technology, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 5-
22, Mar. 1935.
[1] B. Singh, N. Sharma, Mechanistic implications of plastic degradation,
Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 93, pp. 561–584, Mar. 2008.
[2] A. Buzarovska, A. Grozdanov, Crystallization kinetics of poly
(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) and poly (dicychexylitaconate)
PHBV/PDCHI blends: thermal properties and hydrolytic degradation,
Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 44 Issue 7, pp. 1844-1850, Apr. 2009.
[3] V. Sridhar, I Lee, H. H. Chun, H. Park, Graphene reinforced
biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) nanocom
posites, Express Polymer Letters, vol. 7 Issue 4, pp. 320-328, Apr. 2013.
[4] Y. X. Weng, Y. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Z. Wang, Biodegradation
behavior of PHBV films in a pilot-scale composting condition, Polymer
Testing, vol. 29, pp. 579–587, Apr. 2010.
[5] J. F. J. Coelho, J. R. Góis, A. C. Fonseca, M H Gil, Modification of
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-co-poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) with natural
rubber, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 116 , pp. 718-
726, 2009.
[6] P. Keawkannetra, S. Promkotra, Quality improvement and
characteristics of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and natural latex
rubber blends, Defect and Diffusion Forum, vol. 334-335, pp. 49-54,
Feb. 2013.
[7] T. G. Volova, A. N. Boyandin, A. D. Vasiliev, V. A Karpov, S. V.
Prudnikova, O. V. Mishukova, U. A. Boyarskikh, M. L. Filipenko, V.
P. Rudnev, Bá Xuân, Bùi Việt Dũng, Vũ, I.I. Gitelson, Biodegradation
of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in tropical coastal waters and
identification of PHA-degrading bacteria. Polymer Degradation and
Stability, Vol. 95, issue 12, pp. 2350-2359, Dec. 2010.
[8] A. Luc, P. Eric, Environmental Silicate Nano-Biocomposites. Green
Energy and Technology: Springer, 2012, ch. 2X. Wang, Z. Chen, X.
[9] N. Teramoto, K. Urata, K. Ozawa, M. Shibata, Biodegradation of
aliphatic polyester composites reinforced by abaca fiber, Polymer
Degradation and Stability, Vol. 86, pp. 401-409, Apr. 2004.
[10] M. V. Arcos-Hernandez, B. Laycock, S. Pratt, B. C. Donose, M. A. L.
Nikoli, P. Luckman, A. Werker, P. A. Lant, Biodegradation in a soil
environment of activated sludge derived polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHBV),
Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 97, pp. 2301–2312, Nov.
2012.
[11] E. Cherian, K. Jayachandran, Microbial Degradation of Natural Rubber
Latex by a Novel Species of Bacillus sp. SBS25 Isolated from Soil,
International Journal of Environmental Research, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 599-
604, 2009.
[12] A. Buzarovska, A. Grozdanov, M. Avella, G. Gentile, M. Errico, Poly
(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/Titanium Dioxide
Nanocomposites: A Degradation Study, Journal of Applied Polymer
Science, vol. 114, No. 5, pp. 3118-3124.
[13] C. Nakason, A. Kaesaman, P. Supasanthitikul, The grafting of maleic
anhydride onto natural rubber, Polymer Testing, vol. 23, pp. 35–41.
[14] S. P. C. Goncalaves, S. M. M. Franchetti, Action of soil microorganisms
on PCL and PHBV blend and films, Journal of Polymers and the
Environment, Vol. 6, pp. 714-719, Dec. 2010. [15] N. Bekkedahl, Forms of Rubber as Indicated by Temperature-Volume
Relationship. Rubber Chemistry and Technology, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 5-
22, Mar. 1935.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:65052", author = "K. Kuntanoo and S. Promkotra and P. Kaewkannetra", title = "Biodegradation of Polyhydroxybutyrate-Co- Hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) Blended with Natural Rubber in Soil Environment", abstract = "According to synthetic plastics obtained from petroleum cause some environmental problems. Therefore, degradable plastics become widely used and studied for replacing the synthetic plastic waste. A biopolymer of poly hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) is subgroups of a main kind of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Naturally, PHBV is hard, brittle and low flexible while natural rubber (NR) is high elastic latex. Then, they are blended and the biodegradation of the blended PHBV and NR films were examined in soil environment. The results showed that the degradation occurs predominantly in the bulk of the samples. The order of biodegradability was shown as follows: PHBV> PHBV/NR> NR. After biodegradation, the blended films were characterized by appearance analysis such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). It was found that the biodegradation mainly occurred at the polymer surface.
", keywords = "Biodegradation, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), natural rubber (NR).", volume = "7", number = "12", pages = "897-5", }
