Analysis of the Long-term Effect of Office Lighting Environment on Human Reponses
This study aims to discuss the effect of illumination and the color temperature of the lighting source under the office lighting environment on human psychological and physiological responses. In this study, 21 healthy participants were selected, and the Ryodoraku measurement system was utilized to measure their skin resistance change.The findings indicated that the effect of the color temperature of the lighting source on human physiological responses is significant within 90 min after turning the lights on; while after 90 min the effect of illumination on human physiological responses is higher than that of the color temperature. Moreover, the cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine systems are prone to be affected by the indoor lighting environment. During the long-term exposure to high intensity of illumination and high color temperature (2000Lux -6500K), the effect on the psychological responses turned moderate after the human visual system adopted to the lighting environment. However, the effect of the Ryodoraku value on human physiological responses was more significant with the increase of perceptive time. The effect of long time exposure to a lighting environment on the physiological responses is greater than its effect on the psychological responses. This conclusion is different from the traditional public viewpoint that the effect on the psychological responses is greater.
[1] John N Ott, Influence of fluorescent lights on hyperactivity and learning
disabilities, Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1976; 9: 417-422.
[2] Peter R Boyce, The Impact of Light in Buildings on Human Health,
Indoor and Built Environment, 2010; 19; 1: 8-20.
[3] Jennifer A Veitch, Robert Gifford, Donald W Hine, Demand
characteristics and full spectrum lighting effects on performance and
mood, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1991; Vol. 11: 87-95.
[4] L Laufer, E L├íng, L Izs├│ and E Németh, Psychophysiological effects of
coloured lighting on older adults, Lighting Research and Technology,
2009; Vol. 41, 4: 371-378.
[5] A Pellegrino, Assessment of artificial fighting parameters in a visual
comfort perspective, Lighting Research and Technology, 1999; Vol. 31,
3: 107-115.
[6] A A Kruithof, Tubular luminescence lamps for general illumination,
Philips Tech. Rev., 1941; Vol. 6: 65-96.
[7] T Moore, D J Carter, and A I Slater, A qualitative study of occupant
controlled office lighting, Lighting Research and Technology, 2003; Vol.
35; 4: 297-314.
[8] K van Creveld, An investigation into the relationship between luminance
and brightness of strongly chromatic light sources, Lighting Research and
Technology, 1999; Vol. 31; 3: 117-122.
[9] M Sivak, M J Flannagan, B Schoettle and Y Nakata, Field measurements
of direct and rearview-mirror glare from low-beam headlamps, Lighting
Research and Technology, 2002; Vol. 34; 2: 101-109.
[10] L Izsó, E Láng, L Laufer, S Suplicz, and Á Horváth, Psychophysiological,
performance and subjective correlates of different lighting conditions,
Lighting Research and Technology, 2009; Vol. 41; 4: 349-360.
[11] A W Levy, The CIE visual performance system, Lighting Research and
Technology, 1978; Vol. 10; 1: 19-27.
[12] W J M van Bommel and G J van den Beld, Lighting for work: a review of
visual and biological effects, Lighting Research and Technology, 2004;
Vol. 36; 4: 255-266.
[13] R K├╝ller and L Wetterberg, Melatonin, cortisol, EEG, ECG and
subjective comfort in healthy humans: Impact of two fluorescent lamp
types at two light intensities, Lighting Research and Technology, 1993;
Vol. 25; 2: 71-80.
[14] Y Saito, T Shimizu, Y Takahashi, k Mishima, K Takahashi, Y Ogawa, S
Kogawa and Y Hishikawa, Effect of bright light exposure on muscle
sympathetic nerve activity in human, Neuroscience Letters, 1996; 219:
135-137.
[15] Kobayashi H and Sato M, Physiological responses to illuminance and
color temperature of lighting, Ann. Physiol., Anthrop., 1992; Vol. ll; No.
2: 45-49.
[16] Schafer A, Kratky K W, The effect of colored illumination on heart rate
variability, Forsch Komplementmed, 2006; 13: 167-173.
[17] Tetsuo K, Are human physiologica responses affected by the quality of
light?, J. Illum. Engng. Inst. Jpn., 2000; Vol. 84; No. 6: 350-353.
[18] Christian Cajochen, Jamie M Zeitzer, Charles A Czeisler and Derk-Jan
Dijk, Dose-response relationship for light intensity and ocular and
electroencephalographic correlates of human alertness, Behavioural
Brain Research, 2000;115: 75-83.
[19] Xavier Bornas, Jordi Llabres, Miquel Noguera, Ana M Lopez, Francesca
Barcelo, Miquel Tortella-Feliu and Miquel Angel Fullana, Looking at the
heart of low and high heart rate variability fearful flyers: self-reported
anxiety when confronting feared stimuli, Biological Psychology, 2005;
70: 182-187.
[20] Mukae M, Sato M, The effect of color temperature of lighting sources on
the autonomic nervous functions, Ann. Physiol., Anthrop., 1992; Vol. ll;
No. 5: 533-538.
[21] Giorgio Recordati, A thermodynamic model of the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous systems, Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and
Clinical, 2003; 103: 1-12.
[22] Hugdahl K, Psychophysiology: The mind-body perspective, Cambridge,
Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1995.
[23] Casper C Hoogenraad and Frank Bradke, Control of neuronal polarity and
plasticity-a renaissance for microtubules? , Trends in Cell Biology, 2009;
Vol.19; 12: 669-676.
[24] Paula P Goncalves, Arselio P Carvalho, Dual role of K+ and Na+ on the
transport of [3H]-╬│-aminobutyric acid by synaptic plasma membrane
vesicles, Molecular Brain Research, 1995; 32: 161-165.
[25] Nakatani Y, Skin electric resistance and Ryodoraku, J Autonomic Nerve,
1956; 6: 52.
[26] G Hoffmann, V Gufler, A Griesmacher, C Bartenbach, M Canazei, S
Staggl and W Schobersberger, Effects of variable lighting intensities and
colour temperatures on sulphatoxymelatonin and subjective mood in an
experimental office workplace, Applied Ergonomics, 2008; 39: 719-728.
[27] Banu Manav, An experimental study on the appraisal of the visual
environment at offices in relation to colour temperature and illuminance,
Building and Environment, 2007; 42: 979-983.
[28] S M Berman, M Navvab, M J Martinc, J Sheedy and W Tithofe, A
comparison of traditional and high colour temperature lighting on the
near acuity of elementary school children, Lighting Research and
Technology, 2006; 38; 1: 41-52.
[29] K Iwakiri, A Yasukouchi and A Murata, Effects of spectral distribution of
light on the arousal level in humans, IEEE Proceedings of The
International Conference on System Man and Cybernetics, 1999; Vol. 2:
271-276.
[30] S H A Begemann, G J van den Beld, A D Tenner, Daylight, artificial light
and people in an office environment, overview of visual and biological
responses, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1997; 20:
231-239.
[31] Kevin W Houser, Dale K Tiller, Measuring the subjective response to
interior lighting: paired comparisons and semantic differential scaling,
Lighting Research and Technology, 2003; Vol. 35; 3: 183-195.
[32] K W Houser, D K Tiller, C A Bernecker, and R G Mistrick, The
subjective response to linear fluorescent direct/indirect lighting systems,
Lighting Research and Technology, 2002; Vol. 34; 3: 243-260.
[33] L Loe, K P Mansfield and E Rowlands, Appearance of lit environment
and its relevance in lighting design: Experimental study, Lighting
Research and Technology, 1994; Vol. 26; 3: 119-133.
[34] Tsuei J J, Lam F M K and Chou P, Clinical applications of the EDST,
IEEE Engineering in Medicine Biology, 1996: 67-75.
[35] Nakatani Y, An aspect of the study of Ryodoraku, Clinic of Chiense
Medicine, 1956: 54-56.
[36] Nakatani Y, Ryodoraku Acupuncture-A guide for the Application of
Ryodoraku Theory-Electrical Acupuncture, A New Autonomic Nerve
Regulating Therapy, Okyo: Seiwa Co. Ltd. 1977.
[37] F Pontarollo, G Rapacioli and P Bellavite, Increase of electrodermal
activity of heart meridian during physical exercise: The significance of
electrical values in acupuncture and diagnostic importance,
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 2010; 16: 149-153.
[1] John N Ott, Influence of fluorescent lights on hyperactivity and learning
disabilities, Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1976; 9: 417-422.
[2] Peter R Boyce, The Impact of Light in Buildings on Human Health,
Indoor and Built Environment, 2010; 19; 1: 8-20.
[3] Jennifer A Veitch, Robert Gifford, Donald W Hine, Demand
characteristics and full spectrum lighting effects on performance and
mood, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1991; Vol. 11: 87-95.
[4] L Laufer, E L├íng, L Izs├│ and E Németh, Psychophysiological effects of
coloured lighting on older adults, Lighting Research and Technology,
2009; Vol. 41, 4: 371-378.
[5] A Pellegrino, Assessment of artificial fighting parameters in a visual
comfort perspective, Lighting Research and Technology, 1999; Vol. 31,
3: 107-115.
[6] A A Kruithof, Tubular luminescence lamps for general illumination,
Philips Tech. Rev., 1941; Vol. 6: 65-96.
[7] T Moore, D J Carter, and A I Slater, A qualitative study of occupant
controlled office lighting, Lighting Research and Technology, 2003; Vol.
35; 4: 297-314.
[8] K van Creveld, An investigation into the relationship between luminance
and brightness of strongly chromatic light sources, Lighting Research and
Technology, 1999; Vol. 31; 3: 117-122.
[9] M Sivak, M J Flannagan, B Schoettle and Y Nakata, Field measurements
of direct and rearview-mirror glare from low-beam headlamps, Lighting
Research and Technology, 2002; Vol. 34; 2: 101-109.
[10] L Izsó, E Láng, L Laufer, S Suplicz, and Á Horváth, Psychophysiological,
performance and subjective correlates of different lighting conditions,
Lighting Research and Technology, 2009; Vol. 41; 4: 349-360.
[11] A W Levy, The CIE visual performance system, Lighting Research and
Technology, 1978; Vol. 10; 1: 19-27.
[12] W J M van Bommel and G J van den Beld, Lighting for work: a review of
visual and biological effects, Lighting Research and Technology, 2004;
Vol. 36; 4: 255-266.
[13] R K├╝ller and L Wetterberg, Melatonin, cortisol, EEG, ECG and
subjective comfort in healthy humans: Impact of two fluorescent lamp
types at two light intensities, Lighting Research and Technology, 1993;
Vol. 25; 2: 71-80.
[14] Y Saito, T Shimizu, Y Takahashi, k Mishima, K Takahashi, Y Ogawa, S
Kogawa and Y Hishikawa, Effect of bright light exposure on muscle
sympathetic nerve activity in human, Neuroscience Letters, 1996; 219:
135-137.
[15] Kobayashi H and Sato M, Physiological responses to illuminance and
color temperature of lighting, Ann. Physiol., Anthrop., 1992; Vol. ll; No.
2: 45-49.
[16] Schafer A, Kratky K W, The effect of colored illumination on heart rate
variability, Forsch Komplementmed, 2006; 13: 167-173.
[17] Tetsuo K, Are human physiologica responses affected by the quality of
light?, J. Illum. Engng. Inst. Jpn., 2000; Vol. 84; No. 6: 350-353.
[18] Christian Cajochen, Jamie M Zeitzer, Charles A Czeisler and Derk-Jan
Dijk, Dose-response relationship for light intensity and ocular and
electroencephalographic correlates of human alertness, Behavioural
Brain Research, 2000;115: 75-83.
[19] Xavier Bornas, Jordi Llabres, Miquel Noguera, Ana M Lopez, Francesca
Barcelo, Miquel Tortella-Feliu and Miquel Angel Fullana, Looking at the
heart of low and high heart rate variability fearful flyers: self-reported
anxiety when confronting feared stimuli, Biological Psychology, 2005;
70: 182-187.
[20] Mukae M, Sato M, The effect of color temperature of lighting sources on
the autonomic nervous functions, Ann. Physiol., Anthrop., 1992; Vol. ll;
No. 5: 533-538.
[21] Giorgio Recordati, A thermodynamic model of the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous systems, Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and
Clinical, 2003; 103: 1-12.
[22] Hugdahl K, Psychophysiology: The mind-body perspective, Cambridge,
Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1995.
[23] Casper C Hoogenraad and Frank Bradke, Control of neuronal polarity and
plasticity-a renaissance for microtubules? , Trends in Cell Biology, 2009;
Vol.19; 12: 669-676.
[24] Paula P Goncalves, Arselio P Carvalho, Dual role of K+ and Na+ on the
transport of [3H]-╬│-aminobutyric acid by synaptic plasma membrane
vesicles, Molecular Brain Research, 1995; 32: 161-165.
[25] Nakatani Y, Skin electric resistance and Ryodoraku, J Autonomic Nerve,
1956; 6: 52.
[26] G Hoffmann, V Gufler, A Griesmacher, C Bartenbach, M Canazei, S
Staggl and W Schobersberger, Effects of variable lighting intensities and
colour temperatures on sulphatoxymelatonin and subjective mood in an
experimental office workplace, Applied Ergonomics, 2008; 39: 719-728.
[27] Banu Manav, An experimental study on the appraisal of the visual
environment at offices in relation to colour temperature and illuminance,
Building and Environment, 2007; 42: 979-983.
[28] S M Berman, M Navvab, M J Martinc, J Sheedy and W Tithofe, A
comparison of traditional and high colour temperature lighting on the
near acuity of elementary school children, Lighting Research and
Technology, 2006; 38; 1: 41-52.
[29] K Iwakiri, A Yasukouchi and A Murata, Effects of spectral distribution of
light on the arousal level in humans, IEEE Proceedings of The
International Conference on System Man and Cybernetics, 1999; Vol. 2:
271-276.
[30] S H A Begemann, G J van den Beld, A D Tenner, Daylight, artificial light
and people in an office environment, overview of visual and biological
responses, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1997; 20:
231-239.
[31] Kevin W Houser, Dale K Tiller, Measuring the subjective response to
interior lighting: paired comparisons and semantic differential scaling,
Lighting Research and Technology, 2003; Vol. 35; 3: 183-195.
[32] K W Houser, D K Tiller, C A Bernecker, and R G Mistrick, The
subjective response to linear fluorescent direct/indirect lighting systems,
Lighting Research and Technology, 2002; Vol. 34; 3: 243-260.
[33] L Loe, K P Mansfield and E Rowlands, Appearance of lit environment
and its relevance in lighting design: Experimental study, Lighting
Research and Technology, 1994; Vol. 26; 3: 119-133.
[34] Tsuei J J, Lam F M K and Chou P, Clinical applications of the EDST,
IEEE Engineering in Medicine Biology, 1996: 67-75.
[35] Nakatani Y, An aspect of the study of Ryodoraku, Clinic of Chiense
Medicine, 1956: 54-56.
[36] Nakatani Y, Ryodoraku Acupuncture-A guide for the Application of
Ryodoraku Theory-Electrical Acupuncture, A New Autonomic Nerve
Regulating Therapy, Okyo: Seiwa Co. Ltd. 1977.
[37] F Pontarollo, G Rapacioli and P Bellavite, Increase of electrodermal
activity of heart meridian during physical exercise: The significance of
electrical values in acupuncture and diagnostic importance,
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 2010; 16: 149-153.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:64774", author = "D.Y. Su and C.C. Liu and C.M. Chiang and W. Wang", title = "Analysis of the Long-term Effect of Office Lighting Environment on Human Reponses", abstract = "This study aims to discuss the effect of illumination and the color temperature of the lighting source under the office lighting environment on human psychological and physiological responses. In this study, 21 healthy participants were selected, and the Ryodoraku measurement system was utilized to measure their skin resistance change.The findings indicated that the effect of the color temperature of the lighting source on human physiological responses is significant within 90 min after turning the lights on; while after 90 min the effect of illumination on human physiological responses is higher than that of the color temperature. Moreover, the cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine systems are prone to be affected by the indoor lighting environment. During the long-term exposure to high intensity of illumination and high color temperature (2000Lux -6500K), the effect on the psychological responses turned moderate after the human visual system adopted to the lighting environment. However, the effect of the Ryodoraku value on human physiological responses was more significant with the increase of perceptive time. The effect of long time exposure to a lighting environment on the physiological responses is greater than its effect on the psychological responses. This conclusion is different from the traditional public viewpoint that the effect on the psychological responses is greater.
", keywords = "Autonomic nervous system, Human responses, Office
Lighting Environment, Ryodoraku, Meridian", volume = "6", number = "7", pages = "1944-8", }
