Anaerobic Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater
Anaerobic treatment has many advantages over other
biological method particularly when used to treat complex
wastewater such as petroleum refinery wastewater. In this study two
Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors were operated
in parallel to treat six volumetric organic loads (0.58, 1.21, 0.89,
2.34, 1.47 and 4.14 kg COD/m3·d) to evaluate the chemical oxygen
demand (COD) removal efficiency. The reactors were continuously
adapting to the changing of operation condition with increase in the
removal efficiency or slight decrease until the last load which was
more than two times the load, at which the reactor stressed and the
removal efficiency decreased to 75% with effluent concentration of
1746 mg COD/L. Other parameters were also monitored such as pH,
alkalinity, volatile fatty acid and gas production rate. The UASB
reactor was suitable to treat petroleum refinery wastewater and the
highest COD removal rate was 83% at 1215 kg/m3·d with COD
concentration about 356 mg/L in the effluent.
[1] T.V. Otokunefor and C. Obiukwu, "Impact of refinery effluent on the
physicochemical properties of a water body in the Niger delta," Applied
Ecology and Environmental Research, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 61-72, ISSN
1589 1623, 2005.
[2] F. Benyahia, M. Abdulkarim, A. Embaby and M. Rao, "Refinery
Wastewater Treatment: A True Technological Challenge," The Seventh
Annual U.A.E. University Research Conference. U.A.E. University,
2006.
[3] J. M. Wong and Y. T. Hung, "Treatment of Oilfield and Refinery
Wastes," Waste Treatment in the Process Industries, CRC Press Taylor
and Francis Group, LLC, ch. 6, pp. 235-306, 2006.
[4] L. Metcalf and H. Eddy, Wastewater Engineering, Treatment, Disposal
and Reuse, Fourth ed., New York: McGraw Hill, 2003.
[5] J.M. Wong and M.B. Gerhardt, "Petrochemicals," Water Environment
Research, Water Environment Federation, JSTOR, vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 1-
12, January 2002.
[6] CJ.G. Jou and G.C Huang, "A pilot study for oil refinery wastewater
treatment using a fixed film bioreactor," Advanced Environmental
Research, vol. 7, p. 463-469, 2003.
[7] S.T. Sami Sarfaraz, "Anoxic Treatment of Phenolic Wastewater in
Sequencing Batch Reactor," Water Research, vol. 38, p. 965-971.
2004.
[8] H.H.P. Fang, D.W. Liang, T. Zhang and Y. Liu, "Anaerobic treatment
of phenol in wastewater under thermophilic condition," Water
Research, vol. 40, no. 3, p. 427-434, ISSN 0043-1354. DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2005.11.025, February 2006.
[9] E.T. Yoong and P.A. Lant, "Biodegradation of High Strength Phenolic
Wastewater Using SBR," Water Science and Technology, Iwa, vol. 43,
no. 3, pp. 299-306, 2001.
[10] G. Ma and N. Love, "Creating Anoxic and Microaerobic Conditions in
Sequencing Batch Reactors Treating Volatile BTX Compounds," Water
Science and Technology - IWA, vol. 43, no. 3, p. 275-282, 2001.
[11] A. Zinatizadeh, A. Mohamed, M. Mashitah, A. Abdullah and M. H. Isa,
"Optimization of pre-treated palm oil mill effluent digestion in an upflow
anaerobic sludge fixed film bioreactor: A comparative study,"
Biochemical Engineering, vol. 35, p. 226-237, 2007.
[12] R. Borja, C.J. Banks, Z. Wang and A. Mancha, "Anaerobic Digestion of
Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using a Combination Sludge Blanket and
Filter Arrangement in a Single Reactor," Bioresource Technology, vol.
65, p. 125-133, 1998.
[13] H.H. Chou and J.S. Huang, "Comparative granule characteristics and
biokinetics of sucrose-fed and phenol-fed UASB reactors,"
Chemosphere, vol. 59, no. 1, p. 107-116, ISSN 0045-6535,
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.097, March 2005.
[14] S.O. Rastegar, S.M. Mousavi, S.A. Shojaosadati and S. Sheibani,
"Optimization of petroleum refinery effluent treatment in a UASB
reactor using response surface methodology," Journal of Hazardous
Materials, vol. 197, p. 26-32, ISSN 0304-3894,
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.09.052, 15 December 2011.
[15] F. Ghavipanjeh and J. Shayagen, "Treatment of Tehran refinery
Effluents in UASB Reactors," Iranian Journal of Chemical
Engineering, vol. 1, no. 2 summer & autumn 2004, IACHE. 2004.
[16] W. Trnovec and T.J. Britz, "Influence of organic loading rate and
hydraulic retention time on the efficiency of a UASB bioreactor treating
a canning factory effluent," Water SA, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 1147-1152,
ISSN 0378-4738, April 1998.
[17] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty and M. H. Isa, "Biodegradability of
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater in Batch Reactor," Proceeding of
International Conference on Sustainable Building and Infrastructure
(ICSBI 2010), Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. 2010.
[18] S. R. M. Kutty, H. A. Gasim, P. F. Khamaruddin and A. Malakahmad,
"Biological treatability study for refinery wastewater using bench scale
sequencing batch reactor systems," in Water Resources Management VI,
Southampton, WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment,
2011, pp. 691-699.
[19] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty and M. H. Isa, "Petroleum Refinery
Effluent Biodegradation in Sequencing Batch Reactor," International
Journal of Applied Science and Technology, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 179-183,
ISSN 2221-1004, November 2011.
[20] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty and M. Hasnain. Isa, "Treatment of
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater using Multi-stage Biological Reactor,"
Proceeding of International Conference on Civil, Offshore &
Environmental Engineering (ICCOEE 2012), Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.
2012.
[21] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty, M. H. Isa and M. P. M. Isa, "Treatment of
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater by using UASB Reactors,"
International Journal of Chemical and Biological Engineering, vol. 6,
no. 1, pp. 174-177, 2012.
[22] APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater,
15th ed. New York: American Public Health Association Inc.; 1980.
[23] E. Behling, A. Diaz, G. Colina, M. Herrera, E. Gutierrez, E. Chacin, N.
Fernandez and C.F. Forster, "Domestic wastewater treatment using a
UASB reactor," Bioresource Technology, vol. 61, no. 3, p. 239-245,
ISSN 0960-8524, 10.1016/S0960-8524(97)00148-X. September 1997.
[1] T.V. Otokunefor and C. Obiukwu, "Impact of refinery effluent on the
physicochemical properties of a water body in the Niger delta," Applied
Ecology and Environmental Research, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 61-72, ISSN
1589 1623, 2005.
[2] F. Benyahia, M. Abdulkarim, A. Embaby and M. Rao, "Refinery
Wastewater Treatment: A True Technological Challenge," The Seventh
Annual U.A.E. University Research Conference. U.A.E. University,
2006.
[3] J. M. Wong and Y. T. Hung, "Treatment of Oilfield and Refinery
Wastes," Waste Treatment in the Process Industries, CRC Press Taylor
and Francis Group, LLC, ch. 6, pp. 235-306, 2006.
[4] L. Metcalf and H. Eddy, Wastewater Engineering, Treatment, Disposal
and Reuse, Fourth ed., New York: McGraw Hill, 2003.
[5] J.M. Wong and M.B. Gerhardt, "Petrochemicals," Water Environment
Research, Water Environment Federation, JSTOR, vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 1-
12, January 2002.
[6] CJ.G. Jou and G.C Huang, "A pilot study for oil refinery wastewater
treatment using a fixed film bioreactor," Advanced Environmental
Research, vol. 7, p. 463-469, 2003.
[7] S.T. Sami Sarfaraz, "Anoxic Treatment of Phenolic Wastewater in
Sequencing Batch Reactor," Water Research, vol. 38, p. 965-971.
2004.
[8] H.H.P. Fang, D.W. Liang, T. Zhang and Y. Liu, "Anaerobic treatment
of phenol in wastewater under thermophilic condition," Water
Research, vol. 40, no. 3, p. 427-434, ISSN 0043-1354. DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2005.11.025, February 2006.
[9] E.T. Yoong and P.A. Lant, "Biodegradation of High Strength Phenolic
Wastewater Using SBR," Water Science and Technology, Iwa, vol. 43,
no. 3, pp. 299-306, 2001.
[10] G. Ma and N. Love, "Creating Anoxic and Microaerobic Conditions in
Sequencing Batch Reactors Treating Volatile BTX Compounds," Water
Science and Technology - IWA, vol. 43, no. 3, p. 275-282, 2001.
[11] A. Zinatizadeh, A. Mohamed, M. Mashitah, A. Abdullah and M. H. Isa,
"Optimization of pre-treated palm oil mill effluent digestion in an upflow
anaerobic sludge fixed film bioreactor: A comparative study,"
Biochemical Engineering, vol. 35, p. 226-237, 2007.
[12] R. Borja, C.J. Banks, Z. Wang and A. Mancha, "Anaerobic Digestion of
Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using a Combination Sludge Blanket and
Filter Arrangement in a Single Reactor," Bioresource Technology, vol.
65, p. 125-133, 1998.
[13] H.H. Chou and J.S. Huang, "Comparative granule characteristics and
biokinetics of sucrose-fed and phenol-fed UASB reactors,"
Chemosphere, vol. 59, no. 1, p. 107-116, ISSN 0045-6535,
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.097, March 2005.
[14] S.O. Rastegar, S.M. Mousavi, S.A. Shojaosadati and S. Sheibani,
"Optimization of petroleum refinery effluent treatment in a UASB
reactor using response surface methodology," Journal of Hazardous
Materials, vol. 197, p. 26-32, ISSN 0304-3894,
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.09.052, 15 December 2011.
[15] F. Ghavipanjeh and J. Shayagen, "Treatment of Tehran refinery
Effluents in UASB Reactors," Iranian Journal of Chemical
Engineering, vol. 1, no. 2 summer & autumn 2004, IACHE. 2004.
[16] W. Trnovec and T.J. Britz, "Influence of organic loading rate and
hydraulic retention time on the efficiency of a UASB bioreactor treating
a canning factory effluent," Water SA, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 1147-1152,
ISSN 0378-4738, April 1998.
[17] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty and M. H. Isa, "Biodegradability of
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater in Batch Reactor," Proceeding of
International Conference on Sustainable Building and Infrastructure
(ICSBI 2010), Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. 2010.
[18] S. R. M. Kutty, H. A. Gasim, P. F. Khamaruddin and A. Malakahmad,
"Biological treatability study for refinery wastewater using bench scale
sequencing batch reactor systems," in Water Resources Management VI,
Southampton, WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment,
2011, pp. 691-699.
[19] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty and M. H. Isa, "Petroleum Refinery
Effluent Biodegradation in Sequencing Batch Reactor," International
Journal of Applied Science and Technology, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 179-183,
ISSN 2221-1004, November 2011.
[20] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty and M. Hasnain. Isa, "Treatment of
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater using Multi-stage Biological Reactor,"
Proceeding of International Conference on Civil, Offshore &
Environmental Engineering (ICCOEE 2012), Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.
2012.
[21] H. A. Gasim, S. R. M. Kutty, M. H. Isa and M. P. M. Isa, "Treatment of
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater by using UASB Reactors,"
International Journal of Chemical and Biological Engineering, vol. 6,
no. 1, pp. 174-177, 2012.
[22] APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater,
15th ed. New York: American Public Health Association Inc.; 1980.
[23] E. Behling, A. Diaz, G. Colina, M. Herrera, E. Gutierrez, E. Chacin, N.
Fernandez and C.F. Forster, "Domestic wastewater treatment using a
UASB reactor," Bioresource Technology, vol. 61, no. 3, p. 239-245,
ISSN 0960-8524, 10.1016/S0960-8524(97)00148-X. September 1997.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:56955", author = "H. A. Gasim and S. R. M. Kutty and M. Hasnain Isa", title = "Anaerobic Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater", abstract = "Anaerobic treatment has many advantages over other
biological method particularly when used to treat complex
wastewater such as petroleum refinery wastewater. In this study two
Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors were operated
in parallel to treat six volumetric organic loads (0.58, 1.21, 0.89,
2.34, 1.47 and 4.14 kg COD/m3·d) to evaluate the chemical oxygen
demand (COD) removal efficiency. The reactors were continuously
adapting to the changing of operation condition with increase in the
removal efficiency or slight decrease until the last load which was
more than two times the load, at which the reactor stressed and the
removal efficiency decreased to 75% with effluent concentration of
1746 mg COD/L. Other parameters were also monitored such as pH,
alkalinity, volatile fatty acid and gas production rate. The UASB
reactor was suitable to treat petroleum refinery wastewater and the
highest COD removal rate was 83% at 1215 kg/m3·d with COD
concentration about 356 mg/L in the effluent.", keywords = "Petroleum refinery wastewater, anaerobic digestion,
UASB, organic volumetric loading rate", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "507-4", }
