An Assessment of Ozone Levels in Typical Urban Areas in the Malaysian Peninsular
Air quality studies were carried out in the towns of
Putrajaya, Petaling Jaya and Nilai in the Malaysian Peninsular. In this
study, the variations of Ozone (O3) concentrations over a four year
period (2008-2011) were investigated using data obtained from the
Malaysian Department of the Environment (DOE). This study aims to
identify and describe the daily and monthly variations of O3
concentrations at the monitoring sites mentioned. The SPPS program
(Statistical Package for the Social Science) was used to analyze this
data in order to obtain the variations of O3 and also to clarify the
relationship between the stations. The findings of the study revealed
that the highest concentration of O3 occurred during the midday and
afternoon (between 13:00-15:00 hrs). The comparison between
stations also showed that highest O3 concentrations were recorded in
Putrajaya. The comparisons of average and maximum concentrations
of O3 for the three stations showed that the strongest significant
correlation was recorded in the Petaling Jaya station with the value
R2= 0.667. Results from this study indicate that in the urban areas of
Peninsular Malaysia, the concentration of O3 depends on the
concentration of NOx. Furthermore, HYSPLIT back trajectories
(-72h) indicated that air-mass transport patterns can also influence the
O3 concentration in the areas studied.
[1] S.A. Abdul-Wahab, C.S. Bakheit, and S.M. Al-Alawi, "Principle
component and multiple regression analysis in modeling of ground-level
ozone and factors affecting its concentrations," Environmental Modeling
& Software, Vol. 20, pp.1263-1271, 2005.
[2] S.Z. Azmi, M.T. Latif, A.S. Ismail, L. Juneng, and A.A. Jemain, "Trend
and status of air quality at three different monitoring stations in the
Klang Valley, Malaysia," Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, Vol. 3,
pp.53-64, 2010.
[3] N. Banan, and M.T. Latif, "An investigation into ozone concentration at
Urban and rural monitoring stations in Malaysia" World Academy of
Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 77, pp. 541-545, 2011.
[4] K. Civerolo, C. Hogrefe, B. Lynn, J. Rosenthal, J.Y. Ku, W. Solecki, J.
Cox, C. Small, C. Rosenzweig, R. Goldberg, K. Knowlton, and P.
Kinney," Estimating the effects of increased urbanization on surface
meteorology and ozone concentrations in the New York City
metropolitan region," Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 41, pp. 1803-
1018, 2007.
[5] W. Che, J. Zheng, S. Wang, L. Zhong, A. Lau, "Assessment of motor
vehicle emission control policies using Model-3/CMAQ model for the
Pearl River Delta region, China,". Atmospheric Environment, Vol.45, pp.
1740-1751, 2011.
[6] C. Duen˜as, M.C. Ferna'ndez, S. Can˜ete, J. Carretero, and E. Liger,
"Assessment of ozone variations and meteorological effects in an urban
area in the Mediterranean Coast," Science Total Environment, Vol.299,
pp. 97-113, 200.
[7] J. Fenger, "Urban air quality," Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, pp.
4877-4900, 1999.
[8] J. Fishman, and P.J. Crutzen, "A numerical study of photochemistry
using a one dimensional model," Geophysics, Vol. 82, pp. 5897-5906,
1977.
[9] N.A. Ghazali, N.A. Ramli, A.S. Yahaya, N.F.F.M. Yusof, N. Sansuddin,
and W.A.A. Madhoun, "Transformation of nitrogen dioxide into ozone
and prediction of ozone concentrations using multiple linear regression
techniques," Environmental Monitoring Assessment, Vol. 165, pp. 475-
489, 2010.
[10] S. Glavas, "Surface ozone and NOx concentrations at a high altitude
Mediterranean site Greece," Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, pp.
3813-3820, 1999.
[11] M. I. Khoder, "Diurnal, seasonal and weekdays-weekends variations of
ground level Ozone concentrations in an urban area in greater Cairo,"
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol.149, pp. 349-362, 2009.
[12] M.T. Latif, L. S. Huey, and L. Juneng, "Variations of surface ozone
concentration across the Klang Valley, Malaysia," Atmospheric
Environment, Vol. 61, pp. 434-445, 2012.
[13] Y.C. Lee, M. Wenig, and X. Yang, "The emergence of urban Ozone
episodes in autum and air temperature rise in Hong Kong," Air Quality.
Atmosphere Health, Vol. 2, pp. 111-121, 2009.
[14] C. Luo, J.C. St John, Z. Xiuji, K.S. Lam, T. Wang, and W.L. Chameides,
"A nonurban ozone air pollution episode over eastern China:
observations and model," Journal of Geophysical Research D:
Atmospheres, Vol. 105, pp. 1889-1908, 2000.
[15] L.C. Marr, and R.A. Harley, "Spectral Analysis of Weekday Weekend
Differences in Ambient Ozone, Nitrogen Oxide and Non-methane
Hydrocarbon Time Series in California," Atmos. Environ, Vol. 36, pp.
2327-2335, 2002b.
[16] H. Mayer, "Air pollution in cities," Atmospheric environment, Vol. 33,
pp. 4029-4037, 1999.
[17] T. Moreno, J. Lavín, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, M. Viana, and W.
Gibbons, "Controls on hourly variations in urban background air
pollutant concentrations," Atmospheric environment, Vol. 43, pp. 4178-
4186, 2009.
[18] M.L. Mittal, P.J. Hess, S.L. Jain, B.C. Arya, and C. Sharma and A.
Ito,"Surface ozone in the Indian region," Atmospheric environment, Vol.
41, pp. 6572-6584, 2007.
[19] H. Minoura and A. Ito,"Observation of the primary NO2 and NO
oxidation near the trunk road in Tokyo," Atmospheric environment, Vol.
44, pp. 23-29, 2010.
[20] K. Na, K.C. Moon, and P.K. Yong," Source contribution to aromatic
VOC concentration and ozone formation potential in the atmosphere of
Seoul," Atmospheric environment, Vol. 39, pp. 5517-5524, 2005.
[21] J.H. Seinfeld, and S.N. Pandis, "Chemistry of the troposphere In
Atmospheric chemistry and physics. From air pollution to climate
change. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.," pp. 234-336, 1998.
[22] C.K. Varshney, and A.P. Singh, "Passive samplers for NOx monitoring:
a critical review," Environmentalist, Vol. 23, pp. 127-136, 2003.
[23] WHO, "Ozone and other photochemical oxidants In: Air Quality
Guidelines, Second ed. WHO Regional Office for Europe,"
Copenhaguen, Denmark (Chapter 7.2), 2000.
[24] j. Zheng, L. Zhong, T. Wang, P K. K. Louie, and Z. Li, "Ground level
Ozone in the Pearl River delta region: Analysis of data from a recently
establish regional air quality monitoring network," Athmospheric
environment, Vol. 44, pp. 814-823, 2009.
[1] S.A. Abdul-Wahab, C.S. Bakheit, and S.M. Al-Alawi, "Principle
component and multiple regression analysis in modeling of ground-level
ozone and factors affecting its concentrations," Environmental Modeling
& Software, Vol. 20, pp.1263-1271, 2005.
[2] S.Z. Azmi, M.T. Latif, A.S. Ismail, L. Juneng, and A.A. Jemain, "Trend
and status of air quality at three different monitoring stations in the
Klang Valley, Malaysia," Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, Vol. 3,
pp.53-64, 2010.
[3] N. Banan, and M.T. Latif, "An investigation into ozone concentration at
Urban and rural monitoring stations in Malaysia" World Academy of
Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 77, pp. 541-545, 2011.
[4] K. Civerolo, C. Hogrefe, B. Lynn, J. Rosenthal, J.Y. Ku, W. Solecki, J.
Cox, C. Small, C. Rosenzweig, R. Goldberg, K. Knowlton, and P.
Kinney," Estimating the effects of increased urbanization on surface
meteorology and ozone concentrations in the New York City
metropolitan region," Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 41, pp. 1803-
1018, 2007.
[5] W. Che, J. Zheng, S. Wang, L. Zhong, A. Lau, "Assessment of motor
vehicle emission control policies using Model-3/CMAQ model for the
Pearl River Delta region, China,". Atmospheric Environment, Vol.45, pp.
1740-1751, 2011.
[6] C. Duen˜as, M.C. Ferna'ndez, S. Can˜ete, J. Carretero, and E. Liger,
"Assessment of ozone variations and meteorological effects in an urban
area in the Mediterranean Coast," Science Total Environment, Vol.299,
pp. 97-113, 200.
[7] J. Fenger, "Urban air quality," Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, pp.
4877-4900, 1999.
[8] J. Fishman, and P.J. Crutzen, "A numerical study of photochemistry
using a one dimensional model," Geophysics, Vol. 82, pp. 5897-5906,
1977.
[9] N.A. Ghazali, N.A. Ramli, A.S. Yahaya, N.F.F.M. Yusof, N. Sansuddin,
and W.A.A. Madhoun, "Transformation of nitrogen dioxide into ozone
and prediction of ozone concentrations using multiple linear regression
techniques," Environmental Monitoring Assessment, Vol. 165, pp. 475-
489, 2010.
[10] S. Glavas, "Surface ozone and NOx concentrations at a high altitude
Mediterranean site Greece," Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, pp.
3813-3820, 1999.
[11] M. I. Khoder, "Diurnal, seasonal and weekdays-weekends variations of
ground level Ozone concentrations in an urban area in greater Cairo,"
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol.149, pp. 349-362, 2009.
[12] M.T. Latif, L. S. Huey, and L. Juneng, "Variations of surface ozone
concentration across the Klang Valley, Malaysia," Atmospheric
Environment, Vol. 61, pp. 434-445, 2012.
[13] Y.C. Lee, M. Wenig, and X. Yang, "The emergence of urban Ozone
episodes in autum and air temperature rise in Hong Kong," Air Quality.
Atmosphere Health, Vol. 2, pp. 111-121, 2009.
[14] C. Luo, J.C. St John, Z. Xiuji, K.S. Lam, T. Wang, and W.L. Chameides,
"A nonurban ozone air pollution episode over eastern China:
observations and model," Journal of Geophysical Research D:
Atmospheres, Vol. 105, pp. 1889-1908, 2000.
[15] L.C. Marr, and R.A. Harley, "Spectral Analysis of Weekday Weekend
Differences in Ambient Ozone, Nitrogen Oxide and Non-methane
Hydrocarbon Time Series in California," Atmos. Environ, Vol. 36, pp.
2327-2335, 2002b.
[16] H. Mayer, "Air pollution in cities," Atmospheric environment, Vol. 33,
pp. 4029-4037, 1999.
[17] T. Moreno, J. Lavín, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, M. Viana, and W.
Gibbons, "Controls on hourly variations in urban background air
pollutant concentrations," Atmospheric environment, Vol. 43, pp. 4178-
4186, 2009.
[18] M.L. Mittal, P.J. Hess, S.L. Jain, B.C. Arya, and C. Sharma and A.
Ito,"Surface ozone in the Indian region," Atmospheric environment, Vol.
41, pp. 6572-6584, 2007.
[19] H. Minoura and A. Ito,"Observation of the primary NO2 and NO
oxidation near the trunk road in Tokyo," Atmospheric environment, Vol.
44, pp. 23-29, 2010.
[20] K. Na, K.C. Moon, and P.K. Yong," Source contribution to aromatic
VOC concentration and ozone formation potential in the atmosphere of
Seoul," Atmospheric environment, Vol. 39, pp. 5517-5524, 2005.
[21] J.H. Seinfeld, and S.N. Pandis, "Chemistry of the troposphere In
Atmospheric chemistry and physics. From air pollution to climate
change. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.," pp. 234-336, 1998.
[22] C.K. Varshney, and A.P. Singh, "Passive samplers for NOx monitoring:
a critical review," Environmentalist, Vol. 23, pp. 127-136, 2003.
[23] WHO, "Ozone and other photochemical oxidants In: Air Quality
Guidelines, Second ed. WHO Regional Office for Europe,"
Copenhaguen, Denmark (Chapter 7.2), 2000.
[24] j. Zheng, L. Zhong, T. Wang, P K. K. Louie, and Z. Li, "Ground level
Ozone in the Pearl River delta region: Analysis of data from a recently
establish regional air quality monitoring network," Athmospheric
environment, Vol. 44, pp. 814-823, 2009.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:50001", author = "Negar Banan and Mohd Talib Latif and Liew Juneng", title = "An Assessment of Ozone Levels in Typical Urban Areas in the Malaysian Peninsular", abstract = "Air quality studies were carried out in the towns of
Putrajaya, Petaling Jaya and Nilai in the Malaysian Peninsular. In this
study, the variations of Ozone (O3) concentrations over a four year
period (2008-2011) were investigated using data obtained from the
Malaysian Department of the Environment (DOE). This study aims to
identify and describe the daily and monthly variations of O3
concentrations at the monitoring sites mentioned. The SPPS program
(Statistical Package for the Social Science) was used to analyze this
data in order to obtain the variations of O3 and also to clarify the
relationship between the stations. The findings of the study revealed
that the highest concentration of O3 occurred during the midday and
afternoon (between 13:00-15:00 hrs). The comparison between
stations also showed that highest O3 concentrations were recorded in
Putrajaya. The comparisons of average and maximum concentrations
of O3 for the three stations showed that the strongest significant
correlation was recorded in the Petaling Jaya station with the value
R2= 0.667. Results from this study indicate that in the urban areas of
Peninsular Malaysia, the concentration of O3 depends on the
concentration of NOx. Furthermore, HYSPLIT back trajectories
(-72h) indicated that air-mass transport patterns can also influence the
O3 concentration in the areas studied.", keywords = "Ozone, Precursors, Urban, HYSPLIT trajectory
analysis.", volume = "7", number = "2", pages = "75-5", }
