A Study of Factors Influencing the Improvement of Technology Business Incubator's Effectiveness: An Explanatory Model
In Both developed and developing countries,
governments play a basic role in making policies, programs and
instruments which support the development of micro, small and
medium enterprises. One of the mechanisms employed to nurture
small firms for more than two decades is business incubation. One of
the mechanisms employed to nurture small firms for more than two
decades is technology business incubation. The main aim of this
research was to establish influencing factors in Technology Business
Incubator's effectiveness and their explanatory model. Therefore,
among 56 Technology Business Incubators in Iran, 32 active
incubators were selected and by stratified random sampling, 528
start-ups were chosen. The validity of research questionnaires
was determines by expert consensus, item analysis and factor
analysis; and their reliability calculated by Cronbach-s alpha.
Data analysis was then made through SPSS and LISREL soft wares.
Both organizational procedures and entrepreneurial behaviors were
the meaningful mediators. Organizational procedures with (P < .01, β
=0.45) was stronger mediator for the improvement of Technology
Business Incubator's effectiveness comparing to entrepreneurial
behavior with (P < .01, β =0.36).
[1] G. L. Scott, "Hatching the Equity Nest Egg: The role of a University
Incubator in creating Successful Startup Firms," PhD Dissertation,
Department of Education, The University of Washington, 2000.
[2] E. Scaramuzzi, (2002, May) "Incubators in Developing Countries: Status
and Development Perspectives," The World Bank, Washington DC.
Available:
[3] S. L. Mian, "Assessing and Managing the University Technology
Business Incubator: An Integrative Framework," Journal of Business
Venturing, vol. 12, pp. 251 - 285, July. 1997.
[4] R. Herman, and Y. Renz, "Doing Things Right: Effectiveness in Local
Nonprofit Organizations, A Panel Study," Public Administration
Review, vol. 64, Nov. 2004, pp. 694-704.
[5] B. Anna, and N. Charlotte, "Incubator best practice: A framework,"
Technovation, vol. 28, pp. 20-28, Junuaty-Febrary. 2008.
[6] E. Autio, and K. Magnu, "A Comparative Study of Two European
Business Incubators," Journal of Small Business Management, January,
1998
[7] D. J. J. Ketchen, J.B. Thomas, and C.C. Snow, "Organizational
Configurations and Performance: A Comparison of Theoretical Approaches," Academy of Management Journal, vol. 36, No.6, pp.
1278-1313, 1995
[8] M. Weinberg. D.N. Allen, and J.R. Schermerhorn, "Interorganizational
Challenges in the Design and Management of Business Incubators,"
Review of Policy Research, vol. 10, pp. 149-160, Jun 2005.
[9] S. M. Hacket and D. M. Dilts, "A real Option Driven Theory of
Business Incubation," Journal of Technology Transfer, vol. 29, pp
.41-57, Jan.2004.
[10] D. Teece, and G. Pisano, "The Dynamic Capabilities of Firms: An
Introduction," Industrial and Corporate Change, vol. 3, No.3, pp. 537-
556. 1997.
[11] P. Albert, and L. Gaynor, "Technology business incubation
management: Lessons of experience" In M. Monsted, et al (Eds.),
High-tech Entrepreneurship.315-340.Italy.Virkedager.2006
[12] R. Stuart. and P.A. Abetti, "Start-up ventures: Towards the prediction of
initial success," Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 2, pp. 215-230
,Summer. 1987.
[13] M. Rice, "Co-production of business assistance in business incubators:
an exploratory Study," Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 17, pp. 537-
556, March.2002.
[14] K. M. Eisenhard, "Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review,"
Academy of Management Review, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 57-74, Jan. 1989.
[15] W. R. Scott ,(August,2002) "Institutional theory: Contributing to a
Theoretical Research Program Chapter prepared for Great Minds in
Management: the Process of Theory Development, Ken G. Smith and
Michael A. Hit, eds. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press, available:
http://www.si.umich.edu/ICOS/Institutional%20Theory%20
Oxford04.pdF
[16] L. A. Zampetakis, and V. Moustakis, "Entrepreneurial behavior in the
Greek Public Sector," International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior
and Research. vol. 13, No.1, pp.19-38.2007.
[17] S. S. LEE, and J.S. Osteryoung "comparison o Critical Success Factors
for Effective Operations of University Business Incubators in the United
States and Korean," Journal of Small Business Management., vol. 42,
pp. 418-426,Aug. 2004.
[18] J. J. Lee, S. Kim, and H.K. Chun, "A Study on the Management and
Financial Independent of University Technology Business Incubator in
Information and Telecommunication Industry," Korean Small Business
review, vol. 21, no.2, pp. 185-206,2004.
[19] R. W. Smilor, "Managing Incubator System: Critical Success factors to
Accelerate New Company Development," IEEE Transactions on
Engineering Management., vol. 34, no.3, pp.146-155, 1987.
[20] C. Campbell, "Change Agents in the New Economy: Business
Incubators and Economic Development," Economic Development
Review, vol. 7, pp. 56-59, spring. 1989.
[21] R. V. Krejcie, and D. W. Morgan, "Determining Sample Size for
Research Activities," Educational and Psychological Measurement, vol.
12, pp, 251 - 285, Aut, 1970.
[22] D. Ary, L. C. Jacobs and A. Razavieh, "Introduction to Research in
Education," U.S.A: Holt Rinehart and Winston INC,1996 ,p,242
[23] R. M. Baron, and D.A. Kenny "The Moderato-Mediator Variable
Distinction in Social Psychology Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and
Statistical Considerations," Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1173-1182, Dec. 1986.
[24] F. D. L. G Guillermo, "The Importance if University Incubators in Latin
America," European Journal of Education, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 31-34,
Apr. 1993.
[25] R. Aernoudt, "Incubators: Tool for Entrepreneurship, Small Business
Economics", vol.23, no.2, pp.127-135, September. 1993.
[1] G. L. Scott, "Hatching the Equity Nest Egg: The role of a University
Incubator in creating Successful Startup Firms," PhD Dissertation,
Department of Education, The University of Washington, 2000.
[2] E. Scaramuzzi, (2002, May) "Incubators in Developing Countries: Status
and Development Perspectives," The World Bank, Washington DC.
Available:
[3] S. L. Mian, "Assessing and Managing the University Technology
Business Incubator: An Integrative Framework," Journal of Business
Venturing, vol. 12, pp. 251 - 285, July. 1997.
[4] R. Herman, and Y. Renz, "Doing Things Right: Effectiveness in Local
Nonprofit Organizations, A Panel Study," Public Administration
Review, vol. 64, Nov. 2004, pp. 694-704.
[5] B. Anna, and N. Charlotte, "Incubator best practice: A framework,"
Technovation, vol. 28, pp. 20-28, Junuaty-Febrary. 2008.
[6] E. Autio, and K. Magnu, "A Comparative Study of Two European
Business Incubators," Journal of Small Business Management, January,
1998
[7] D. J. J. Ketchen, J.B. Thomas, and C.C. Snow, "Organizational
Configurations and Performance: A Comparison of Theoretical Approaches," Academy of Management Journal, vol. 36, No.6, pp.
1278-1313, 1995
[8] M. Weinberg. D.N. Allen, and J.R. Schermerhorn, "Interorganizational
Challenges in the Design and Management of Business Incubators,"
Review of Policy Research, vol. 10, pp. 149-160, Jun 2005.
[9] S. M. Hacket and D. M. Dilts, "A real Option Driven Theory of
Business Incubation," Journal of Technology Transfer, vol. 29, pp
.41-57, Jan.2004.
[10] D. Teece, and G. Pisano, "The Dynamic Capabilities of Firms: An
Introduction," Industrial and Corporate Change, vol. 3, No.3, pp. 537-
556. 1997.
[11] P. Albert, and L. Gaynor, "Technology business incubation
management: Lessons of experience" In M. Monsted, et al (Eds.),
High-tech Entrepreneurship.315-340.Italy.Virkedager.2006
[12] R. Stuart. and P.A. Abetti, "Start-up ventures: Towards the prediction of
initial success," Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 2, pp. 215-230
,Summer. 1987.
[13] M. Rice, "Co-production of business assistance in business incubators:
an exploratory Study," Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 17, pp. 537-
556, March.2002.
[14] K. M. Eisenhard, "Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review,"
Academy of Management Review, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 57-74, Jan. 1989.
[15] W. R. Scott ,(August,2002) "Institutional theory: Contributing to a
Theoretical Research Program Chapter prepared for Great Minds in
Management: the Process of Theory Development, Ken G. Smith and
Michael A. Hit, eds. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press, available:
http://www.si.umich.edu/ICOS/Institutional%20Theory%20
Oxford04.pdF
[16] L. A. Zampetakis, and V. Moustakis, "Entrepreneurial behavior in the
Greek Public Sector," International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior
and Research. vol. 13, No.1, pp.19-38.2007.
[17] S. S. LEE, and J.S. Osteryoung "comparison o Critical Success Factors
for Effective Operations of University Business Incubators in the United
States and Korean," Journal of Small Business Management., vol. 42,
pp. 418-426,Aug. 2004.
[18] J. J. Lee, S. Kim, and H.K. Chun, "A Study on the Management and
Financial Independent of University Technology Business Incubator in
Information and Telecommunication Industry," Korean Small Business
review, vol. 21, no.2, pp. 185-206,2004.
[19] R. W. Smilor, "Managing Incubator System: Critical Success factors to
Accelerate New Company Development," IEEE Transactions on
Engineering Management., vol. 34, no.3, pp.146-155, 1987.
[20] C. Campbell, "Change Agents in the New Economy: Business
Incubators and Economic Development," Economic Development
Review, vol. 7, pp. 56-59, spring. 1989.
[21] R. V. Krejcie, and D. W. Morgan, "Determining Sample Size for
Research Activities," Educational and Psychological Measurement, vol.
12, pp, 251 - 285, Aut, 1970.
[22] D. Ary, L. C. Jacobs and A. Razavieh, "Introduction to Research in
Education," U.S.A: Holt Rinehart and Winston INC,1996 ,p,242
[23] R. M. Baron, and D.A. Kenny "The Moderato-Mediator Variable
Distinction in Social Psychology Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and
Statistical Considerations," Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1173-1182, Dec. 1986.
[24] F. D. L. G Guillermo, "The Importance if University Incubators in Latin
America," European Journal of Education, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 31-34,
Apr. 1993.
[25] R. Aernoudt, "Incubators: Tool for Entrepreneurship, Small Business
Economics", vol.23, no.2, pp.127-135, September. 1993.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:60657", author = "Alireza Ghasemizad", title = "A Study of Factors Influencing the Improvement of Technology Business Incubator's Effectiveness: An Explanatory Model", abstract = "In Both developed and developing countries,
governments play a basic role in making policies, programs and
instruments which support the development of micro, small and
medium enterprises. One of the mechanisms employed to nurture
small firms for more than two decades is business incubation. One of
the mechanisms employed to nurture small firms for more than two
decades is technology business incubation. The main aim of this
research was to establish influencing factors in Technology Business
Incubator's effectiveness and their explanatory model. Therefore,
among 56 Technology Business Incubators in Iran, 32 active
incubators were selected and by stratified random sampling, 528
start-ups were chosen. The validity of research questionnaires
was determines by expert consensus, item analysis and factor
analysis; and their reliability calculated by Cronbach-s alpha.
Data analysis was then made through SPSS and LISREL soft wares.
Both organizational procedures and entrepreneurial behaviors were
the meaningful mediators. Organizational procedures with (P < .01, β
=0.45) was stronger mediator for the improvement of Technology
Business Incubator's effectiveness comparing to entrepreneurial
behavior with (P < .01, β =0.36).", keywords = "Technology, Incubators, Effectiveness, Explanatorymodel.", volume = "3", number = "6", pages = "1092-7", }
