A Study of Analyzing the Selection of Promotion Activities and Destination Attributes in Tourism Industry in Vietnam - From the Perspective of Tourism Industrial Service Network (TISN)
In order to explore the relationship of promotion activities, destination attribute and destination image of Vietnam and find possible solutions, this study uses decision system analysis (DSA) method to develop flowcharts based on three rounds of expert interviews. The interviews were conducted with the experts who were confirmed to directly participate or influence on the decision making that drives the promotion of Vietnam tourism process. This study identifies three models and describes specific decisions on promotion activities, destination attributes and destination images. This study finally derives a general model for promoting the Tourism Industrial Service Network (TISN) in Vietnam. This study finds that the coordination with all sectors and industries of tourism to facilitate favorable condition and improving destination attributes in linking with the efficient promotion activities is highly recommended in order to make visitors satisfied and improve the destination image.
[1] Barsky and Labagh, "A Strategy for Customer Satisfaction". Cornell
Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, pp. 32-40, 1992,
October.
[2] Baum "Human resources in tourism: Still waiting for change," Tourism
Management, vol.28, pp. 1383-1399, 2007.
[3] Bittner, M., "Evaluating service encounters: The effectiveness of
physical surroundings and employee responses," Journal of Marketing,
vol. 54, pp. 69-82, 1990.
[4] R. Bushell, G. M. Prosser, H. W. Faulkner, J. Jafari, "Tourism Research
in Australia," Journal of Travel Research, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 323-327.
2001.
[5] A. Canny, "Flexible labour? The growth of student employment in the
U.K.," Journal of Education and Work, vol.15, no. 3, pp. 277-301, 2002
[6] C. F. Chen, D. Tsai, "How destination image and evaluative factors
affect behavioural intentions?" Tourism Management, vol. 28, pp. 1115-
1122, 2007.
[7] K. S. Chon, M. D. Olsen, "Functional and Symbolic Approaches to
Consumer Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction," Journal of the International
Academy of Hospitality Research, vol. 28, pp. 1-20, 1991.
[8] E. Cohen, "Authenticity and commoditization in tourism," Annals of
Tourism Research, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 371-86, 1988.
[9] Deskins, T. Seevers, "Are state expenditures to promote tourism
effective," Journal of Travel Research, pp. 154-171, 2010.
[10] L. Dwyer, C. Kim, "Destination Competitiveness. Determinants and
Indicators," Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 369-414, 2003.
[11] E. Kaynak, P. N. Ghauri, "Euro marketing: effective strategies for
international trade and export". International Business Press:
Binghamton, 1994.
[12] J. Kooiman, "Governance and Governability: Using Complexity,
Dynamics, and Diversity, Modern Governance: New Government-
Society Interactions", Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1993, pp.
35-48.
[13] P. Kotler, D. H. Haider, I. Rein, "Marketing places: Attracting
investment, industry and tourism to cities, states and nations," Journal of
Consumer Research, vol. 14, pp. 495-508, 1993.
[14] M. Kozak, M. Rimmington, "Measuring tourist destination
competitiveness: conceptual considerations and empirical findings,"
Hospitality Management, vol. 18, pp. 273-283, 2000
[15] W. H. Lai, P. L. Chang, P.L., "Corporate motivation and performance in
R&D alliances," Journal of Business Research, vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 490-
496, 2009
[16] R. W. McLellan, K. D. Foushee, "Negative images of the United States
as expressed by tour operators from other countries," Journal of Travel
Research, vol. 22, pp. 2-5, 1983.
[17] S. Moore, B. Carter, "Ecotourism in the 21st Century," Tourism
Management, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 123-130, 1993.
[18] P. Murphy, M. Pritchard, B. Smith, "The destination product and its
impact on traveler perceptions," Tourism Management, vol. 21 no. 1, pp.
43-52, 2000.
[19] R. L. Oliver, "Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer,"
McGraw-Hill: Singapore, 1997.
[20] R. L. Oliver, W. S. DeSarbo, "Response determinants in satisfaction
judgments", Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 14, pp. 495-508, 1988.
[21] M. E. Porter, "The competitive advantage of nations", New York: Free
Press 1990.
[22] B. Stevens, "Cooperative activities in competitive markets. In tourism
research: exploring boundaries," Travel and Tourism Research
Association (TTRA), Montreal, 1988.
[23] V. Teye, "Prospects for regional tourism cooperation in Africa,"
Tourism Management, vol. 9, pp. 221-234, 1988.
[24] G. Watson, J. Kopachevsky, "Interpretation of tourism as a commodity,"
Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 21 no. 3, 643-60, 1994.
[25] A. G. Woodside, "Middle-range theory construction of the dynamics of
organizational marketing-buying behavior," Journal of Business and
Industrial Marketing, vol. 18 no. 4/5, 309-335, 2003.
[26] A. G. Woodside, "Making sense implemented strategies in new venture
hospitality management. An American-Austrian-Hungarian case
research study", Tourism management, vol. 27, pp. 342-349, 2006
[27] M. Zins, , "Successful Tourism Projects Through Cooperative Strategic
Marketing Planning. In Travel and Tourism: Thrive or Survive?" Travel
and Tourism Research Association 18th Annual Conference, The
University of Utah Bureau of Economic and Business Research, Salt
Lake City, 1987, pp. 151-156.
[1] Barsky and Labagh, "A Strategy for Customer Satisfaction". Cornell
Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, pp. 32-40, 1992,
October.
[2] Baum "Human resources in tourism: Still waiting for change," Tourism
Management, vol.28, pp. 1383-1399, 2007.
[3] Bittner, M., "Evaluating service encounters: The effectiveness of
physical surroundings and employee responses," Journal of Marketing,
vol. 54, pp. 69-82, 1990.
[4] R. Bushell, G. M. Prosser, H. W. Faulkner, J. Jafari, "Tourism Research
in Australia," Journal of Travel Research, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 323-327.
2001.
[5] A. Canny, "Flexible labour? The growth of student employment in the
U.K.," Journal of Education and Work, vol.15, no. 3, pp. 277-301, 2002
[6] C. F. Chen, D. Tsai, "How destination image and evaluative factors
affect behavioural intentions?" Tourism Management, vol. 28, pp. 1115-
1122, 2007.
[7] K. S. Chon, M. D. Olsen, "Functional and Symbolic Approaches to
Consumer Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction," Journal of the International
Academy of Hospitality Research, vol. 28, pp. 1-20, 1991.
[8] E. Cohen, "Authenticity and commoditization in tourism," Annals of
Tourism Research, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 371-86, 1988.
[9] Deskins, T. Seevers, "Are state expenditures to promote tourism
effective," Journal of Travel Research, pp. 154-171, 2010.
[10] L. Dwyer, C. Kim, "Destination Competitiveness. Determinants and
Indicators," Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 369-414, 2003.
[11] E. Kaynak, P. N. Ghauri, "Euro marketing: effective strategies for
international trade and export". International Business Press:
Binghamton, 1994.
[12] J. Kooiman, "Governance and Governability: Using Complexity,
Dynamics, and Diversity, Modern Governance: New Government-
Society Interactions", Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1993, pp.
35-48.
[13] P. Kotler, D. H. Haider, I. Rein, "Marketing places: Attracting
investment, industry and tourism to cities, states and nations," Journal of
Consumer Research, vol. 14, pp. 495-508, 1993.
[14] M. Kozak, M. Rimmington, "Measuring tourist destination
competitiveness: conceptual considerations and empirical findings,"
Hospitality Management, vol. 18, pp. 273-283, 2000
[15] W. H. Lai, P. L. Chang, P.L., "Corporate motivation and performance in
R&D alliances," Journal of Business Research, vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 490-
496, 2009
[16] R. W. McLellan, K. D. Foushee, "Negative images of the United States
as expressed by tour operators from other countries," Journal of Travel
Research, vol. 22, pp. 2-5, 1983.
[17] S. Moore, B. Carter, "Ecotourism in the 21st Century," Tourism
Management, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 123-130, 1993.
[18] P. Murphy, M. Pritchard, B. Smith, "The destination product and its
impact on traveler perceptions," Tourism Management, vol. 21 no. 1, pp.
43-52, 2000.
[19] R. L. Oliver, "Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer,"
McGraw-Hill: Singapore, 1997.
[20] R. L. Oliver, W. S. DeSarbo, "Response determinants in satisfaction
judgments", Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 14, pp. 495-508, 1988.
[21] M. E. Porter, "The competitive advantage of nations", New York: Free
Press 1990.
[22] B. Stevens, "Cooperative activities in competitive markets. In tourism
research: exploring boundaries," Travel and Tourism Research
Association (TTRA), Montreal, 1988.
[23] V. Teye, "Prospects for regional tourism cooperation in Africa,"
Tourism Management, vol. 9, pp. 221-234, 1988.
[24] G. Watson, J. Kopachevsky, "Interpretation of tourism as a commodity,"
Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 21 no. 3, 643-60, 1994.
[25] A. G. Woodside, "Middle-range theory construction of the dynamics of
organizational marketing-buying behavior," Journal of Business and
Industrial Marketing, vol. 18 no. 4/5, 309-335, 2003.
[26] A. G. Woodside, "Making sense implemented strategies in new venture
hospitality management. An American-Austrian-Hungarian case
research study", Tourism management, vol. 27, pp. 342-349, 2006
[27] M. Zins, , "Successful Tourism Projects Through Cooperative Strategic
Marketing Planning. In Travel and Tourism: Thrive or Survive?" Travel
and Tourism Research Association 18th Annual Conference, The
University of Utah Bureau of Economic and Business Research, Salt
Lake City, 1987, pp. 151-156.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:57148", author = "Wen-Hsiang Lai and Nguyen Quang Vinh", title = "A Study of Analyzing the Selection of Promotion Activities and Destination Attributes in Tourism Industry in Vietnam - From the Perspective of Tourism Industrial Service Network (TISN)", abstract = "In order to explore the relationship of promotion activities, destination attribute and destination image of Vietnam and find possible solutions, this study uses decision system analysis (DSA) method to develop flowcharts based on three rounds of expert interviews. The interviews were conducted with the experts who were confirmed to directly participate or influence on the decision making that drives the promotion of Vietnam tourism process. This study identifies three models and describes specific decisions on promotion activities, destination attributes and destination images. This study finally derives a general model for promoting the Tourism Industrial Service Network (TISN) in Vietnam. This study finds that the coordination with all sectors and industries of tourism to facilitate favorable condition and improving destination attributes in linking with the efficient promotion activities is highly recommended in order to make visitors satisfied and improve the destination image.
", keywords = "Destination attributes, Destination image, Decision
system analysis, Tourism promotion", volume = "6", number = "2", pages = "216-7", }
