A Novel Digital Implementation of AC Voltage Controller for Speed Control of Induction Motor
In this paper a novel, simple and reliable digital firing
scheme has been implemented for speed control of three-phase
induction motor using ac voltage controller. The system consists of
three-phase supply connected to the three-phase induction motor via
three triacs and its control circuit. The ac voltage controller has three
modes of operation depending on the shape of supply current. The
performance of the induction motor differs in each mode where the
speed is directly proportional with firing angle in two modes and
inversely in the third one. So, the control system has to detect the
current mode of operation to choose the correct firing angle of triacs.
Three sensors are used to feed the line currents to control system to
detect the mode of operation. The control strategy is implemented
using a low cost Xilinx Spartan-3E field programmable gate array
(FPGA) device. Three PI-controllers are designed on FPGA to
control the system in the three-modes. Simulation of the system is
carried out using PSIM computer program. The simulation results
show stable operation for different loading conditions especially in
mode 2/3. The simulation results have been compared with the
experimental results from laboratory prototype.
[1] Lipo, T.A., "The analysis of induction motors with voltage control by
symmetrically triggered thyristors," IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. PAS-90, no. 2, 1971, pp. 515-525.
[2] Hamed, S. and Chalmers, B., " Analysis of variable-voltage thyristor
controlled induction motors" IEE Proc., Vol. 137(3), Pt. B, pp. 184-193,
May 1990.
[3] Kamaike, H. "Elevator speed control system" U.S. Patent 4052651, Oct.
1977.
[4] Morters et. al. "Control system for regulating the speed of an electric
motor" U.S. Patent 4093898, June 1978.
[5] A. I. Alolah, Ali M. Eltamaly, and R. M. Hamouda " Control Limits of
Three-Phase ac Voltage Controller under Induction Motor Load" Conf.
Proc. of IEEE, International Conference on Electrical Machines,
ICEM06, Chania, Crete Island, Greece, Sept. 2006.
[6] Li, W. X., Lui, J. G., LIU, M.ÔÇóS., and ZHAO, J. " Design of intelligent
soft-start controller for induction motor " Proc. of the Third International
Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, Shanghai, August
2004, pp. 908-912.
[7] H. A. Ashou; R.A. Ibrahim, "Comparison Analysis of ac Voltage
Controllers Based on Experimental and Simulated Application Studies"
Computer Engineering and Systems, The 2006 International Conference
on 2006 Ppp.79 - 84.
[8] H. A. Ashour; R.A. Ibrahim, "Implementation and Analysis of
Microcontroller Based Soft Starters for Three Phase Induction Motors"
EUROCON, 2007. The International Conference on "Computer as a
Tool" Sept. 2007 PP.2193 - 2199.
[9] A. Gastli,; M. M. Ahmed, "ANN-Based Soft Starting of Voltage-
Controlled-Fed IM Drive System", IEEE Transaction on Energy
Conversion, VOL. 20, #3, 2005, PP.497 - 503
[10] Xu Dianguo; Zhao Kaiqi; Wang Yi; "A new approach to speed detection
and power factor angle control on DSP-based soft-starter-fed IM drive
system" Industrial Electronics Society, 2003. IECON '03. The 29th
Annual Conference of the IEEE vol.1, 2003, PP. 720 - 725.
[11] Rajaji, L.; Kumar, C.; "daptive Neuro Fuzzy based soft starting of
voltage-controlled induction motor drive" Southeastcon, 2008. IEEE,
April 2008, PP. 448 - 453.
[12] Ali M. Eltamaly "A Modified Harmonics Reduction Technique for a
Three-Phase Controlled Converter", IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, vol. 55, # 3, March 2008 PP.1190 - 1197.
[13] Bhuvaneswari, G.; Charles, S.; Nair, M.G.;"Power quality studies on a
Soft-start for an induction motor" Transmission and Distribution
Conference and Exposition, 2008. T&D. IEEE/PES, April 2008, PP.1-6.
[14] PSIM6.1, available: www.powersimtech.com.
[15] M. G. Solveson, "Soft started induction motor modeling and heating
issues for different starting profiles using a flux linkage ABC-frame of
reference," M.S. thesis, Marquette Univ., Milwaukee, WI, May 2004.
[16] M. G. Solveson, B. Mirafzal, and N. A. O. Demerdash, "Soft-Started
Induction Motor Modeling & Heating Issues for Different Starting
Profiles Using a Flux Linkage ABC Frame of Reference", IEEE Trans.
Industry Applications, Vol. 42, No. 4, PP. 973-982, July/August 2006.
[17] UG257, MicroBlaze™ Development Kit Spartan-3E 1600E Edition
User Guide, www.xilinx.com.
[18] UG129, PicoBlaze™ 8-bit Embedded Microcontroller User Guide,
www.xilinx.com.
[1] Lipo, T.A., "The analysis of induction motors with voltage control by
symmetrically triggered thyristors," IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. PAS-90, no. 2, 1971, pp. 515-525.
[2] Hamed, S. and Chalmers, B., " Analysis of variable-voltage thyristor
controlled induction motors" IEE Proc., Vol. 137(3), Pt. B, pp. 184-193,
May 1990.
[3] Kamaike, H. "Elevator speed control system" U.S. Patent 4052651, Oct.
1977.
[4] Morters et. al. "Control system for regulating the speed of an electric
motor" U.S. Patent 4093898, June 1978.
[5] A. I. Alolah, Ali M. Eltamaly, and R. M. Hamouda " Control Limits of
Three-Phase ac Voltage Controller under Induction Motor Load" Conf.
Proc. of IEEE, International Conference on Electrical Machines,
ICEM06, Chania, Crete Island, Greece, Sept. 2006.
[6] Li, W. X., Lui, J. G., LIU, M.ÔÇóS., and ZHAO, J. " Design of intelligent
soft-start controller for induction motor " Proc. of the Third International
Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, Shanghai, August
2004, pp. 908-912.
[7] H. A. Ashou; R.A. Ibrahim, "Comparison Analysis of ac Voltage
Controllers Based on Experimental and Simulated Application Studies"
Computer Engineering and Systems, The 2006 International Conference
on 2006 Ppp.79 - 84.
[8] H. A. Ashour; R.A. Ibrahim, "Implementation and Analysis of
Microcontroller Based Soft Starters for Three Phase Induction Motors"
EUROCON, 2007. The International Conference on "Computer as a
Tool" Sept. 2007 PP.2193 - 2199.
[9] A. Gastli,; M. M. Ahmed, "ANN-Based Soft Starting of Voltage-
Controlled-Fed IM Drive System", IEEE Transaction on Energy
Conversion, VOL. 20, #3, 2005, PP.497 - 503
[10] Xu Dianguo; Zhao Kaiqi; Wang Yi; "A new approach to speed detection
and power factor angle control on DSP-based soft-starter-fed IM drive
system" Industrial Electronics Society, 2003. IECON '03. The 29th
Annual Conference of the IEEE vol.1, 2003, PP. 720 - 725.
[11] Rajaji, L.; Kumar, C.; "daptive Neuro Fuzzy based soft starting of
voltage-controlled induction motor drive" Southeastcon, 2008. IEEE,
April 2008, PP. 448 - 453.
[12] Ali M. Eltamaly "A Modified Harmonics Reduction Technique for a
Three-Phase Controlled Converter", IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, vol. 55, # 3, March 2008 PP.1190 - 1197.
[13] Bhuvaneswari, G.; Charles, S.; Nair, M.G.;"Power quality studies on a
Soft-start for an induction motor" Transmission and Distribution
Conference and Exposition, 2008. T&D. IEEE/PES, April 2008, PP.1-6.
[14] PSIM6.1, available: www.powersimtech.com.
[15] M. G. Solveson, "Soft started induction motor modeling and heating
issues for different starting profiles using a flux linkage ABC-frame of
reference," M.S. thesis, Marquette Univ., Milwaukee, WI, May 2004.
[16] M. G. Solveson, B. Mirafzal, and N. A. O. Demerdash, "Soft-Started
Induction Motor Modeling & Heating Issues for Different Starting
Profiles Using a Flux Linkage ABC Frame of Reference", IEEE Trans.
Industry Applications, Vol. 42, No. 4, PP. 973-982, July/August 2006.
[17] UG257, MicroBlaze™ Development Kit Spartan-3E 1600E Edition
User Guide, www.xilinx.com.
[18] UG129, PicoBlaze™ 8-bit Embedded Microcontroller User Guide,
www.xilinx.com.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:62797", author = "Ali M. Eltamaly and A. I. Alolah and R. Hamouda and M. Y. Abdulghany", title = "A Novel Digital Implementation of AC Voltage Controller for Speed Control of Induction Motor", abstract = "In this paper a novel, simple and reliable digital firing
scheme has been implemented for speed control of three-phase
induction motor using ac voltage controller. The system consists of
three-phase supply connected to the three-phase induction motor via
three triacs and its control circuit. The ac voltage controller has three
modes of operation depending on the shape of supply current. The
performance of the induction motor differs in each mode where the
speed is directly proportional with firing angle in two modes and
inversely in the third one. So, the control system has to detect the
current mode of operation to choose the correct firing angle of triacs.
Three sensors are used to feed the line currents to control system to
detect the mode of operation. The control strategy is implemented
using a low cost Xilinx Spartan-3E field programmable gate array
(FPGA) device. Three PI-controllers are designed on FPGA to
control the system in the three-modes. Simulation of the system is
carried out using PSIM computer program. The simulation results
show stable operation for different loading conditions especially in
mode 2/3. The simulation results have been compared with the
experimental results from laboratory prototype.", keywords = "FPGA, Induction motor, PSIM, triac, Voltage controller.", volume = "3", number = "6", pages = "734-6", }