In this paper we propose a method for modeling the
correlation between the received signals by two or more antennas
operating in a multipath environment. Considering the maximum
excess delay in the channel being modeled, an elliptical region
surrounding both transmitter and receiver antennas is produced. A
number of scatterers are randomly distributed in this region and
scatter the incoming waves. The amplitude and phase of incoming
waves are computed and used to obtain statistical properties of the
received signals. This model has the distinguishable advantage of
being applicable for any configuration of antennas. Furthermore the
common PDF (Probability Distribution Function) of received wave
amplitudes for any pair of antennas can be calculated and used to
produce statistical parameters of received signals.
[1] G. J. Foschini and M. J. Gans, "On limits of wireless communications in
a fading environment," Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 6, pp.
311-335, 1998.
[2] I. Emre Telatar, "Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels,"
European Transactions on Telecommunications, vol.10, no. 6, pp. 585-
595, Nov./Dec. 1999, (Published in October,1995 as a Technical
Memorandum. Bell Laboratories).
[3] W. C. Y. Lee, "Effects on correlation between two mobile radio basestation
antennas," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-21, pp. 1214-
1224, Nov. 1973.
[4] J. P. Kermoal, L. Schumacher, P. E. Mogensen, and K. I. Pedersen,
"Experimental investigation of correlation properties of MIMO radio
channels for indoor picocell scenarios," in Proceedings IEEE Vehicular
Technology Conference. IEEE VTC Fall, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 14-21.
[5] J. P. Kermoal, L. Schumacher, K. I. Pedersen, P. E. Mogensen and F.
Frederiksen, "A Stochastic MIMO Radio Channel Model With
Experimental Validation" in IEEE journal on selected areas in
Commun., vol. 20, No. 6, August 2002.
[6] D. Chizhik, J. Ling, P. Wolniansky, R. Valenzuela, N. Costa and K.
Huber, "Multiple Input Multiple Output Measurements and Modeling in
Manhattan" IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
Volume 21, Issue 3, April 2003 Page(s):321 - 331.
[7] D. P. McNamara, M. A. Beach, P. N. Fltcher, "Spatial correlation in
indoor MIMO channels" The 13th IEEE International Symposiu on
Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002. Volume 1,
15-18 Sept. 2002 Page(s):290-294.
[8] P. Kyritsi, D. C. Cox, R. A. Valenzuela and P. W. Wolniansky,
"Correlation Analysis Based on MIMO Channel Measurements in an
Indoor Environment" IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, Volume 21, Issue 5, June 2003 pp 713-720.
[9] S. Wang, K. Raghukumary, A. Abdi, J. Wallacez, M. Jensen, "Indoor
MIMO Channels: A Parametric Correlation Model and Experimental
Results" IEEE/Sarnoff Symposium on Advances in Wired and Wireless
Communication, 26-27 Apr 2004 pp 1-5.
[10] A. Intarapanich, P. L. Kafle, R. J. Davies, A. B. Sesay and J. McRory,
"Spatial Correlation Measurements for Broadband MIMO Wireless
Channels" 60th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference,
Volume 1, 26-29 Sept. 2004, pp 52-56.
[11] O. Fernandez, M. Domingo and R.P. Torres, "Empirical analysis of the
correlation of MIMO channels in indoor scenarios at 2GHz" IEE
Communications Proceedings Volume 152, Issue 1, 24 Feb. 2005, pp
82-88.
[12] A. W. Umrani, V. K Dube, "Deterministic Simulations of Spatial
Fading Correlation for MIMO Communication Channels" 7th
International Multi Topic Conference (INMIC), 8-9 Dec. 2003, pp 78-
83.
[13] R. B. Ertel, P. Cardieri, K. W. Sowerby, T. S. Rappaport, and J. H. Reed,
"Overview of spatial channel models for antenna array communication
systems" IEEE Personal Communications, Volume 5, Issue 1, Feb.
1998 pp 10-22.
[14] D. Shiu, G. Foschini, M. Gans, and J. Kahn, "Fading correlation and its
effect on the capacity of multi-element antenna systems," IEEE Trans.
Commun., vol. 48, pp. 502-513, Mar. 2000.
[15] W. C. Jakes, Microwave Mobile Communications. New York: IEEE,
1993.
[16] W. C. Y. Lee, "Effects on correlation between two mobile radio basestation
antennas," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-21, pp. 1214-
1224, Nov. 1973.
[17] A. Abdi and M. Kaveh, "A space-time correlation model for
multielement antenna systems in mobile fading channels," IEEE J.
Select. Areas Comm., vol. 20, pp. 550-560, Apr. 2002.
[18] Sang-Yick Leong, Yahong R. Zheng, and Chengshan Xiao, "Space-
Time Fading Correlation Functions of a 3-D MIMO Channel Model"
IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,
Volume 2, 21-25 March 2004, pp 1127-1132.
[19] G. J. Byers and F. Takawira, "Spatially and Temporally Correlated
MIMO Channels: Modeling and Capacity Analysis" IEEE Transactions
on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 53, No. 3, May 2004.
[20] M. K. Ozdemir, E. Arvas, H. Arslan, "Dynamics of Spatial Correlation
and Implications on MIMO Systems" Communications Magazine, IEEE
Volume 42, Issue 6, June 2004 pp(s) S14-S19.
[21] M. Denis, V. Vasudevan, K. Chandra and C. Thompson, "Characterizing
Spatial Correlation in Indoor Channels" IEEE Wireless Communications
and Networking Conference (WCNC) Volume 3, 21-25 March 2004, pp
1850-1855.
[22] W. min, W. zili, G. Yaohuan, "The analysis of the correlation in The
Space-time Correlation Channel Model for MIMO Wireless
Communication System In Microcellular" International Conference on
Communications, Circuits and Systems, Volume 1, 27-30 May 2005, pp
288-292.
[23] H. Saligheh Rad, S. Gazor, "A 3D Correlation Model for MIMO Non-
Isotropic Scattering with Arbitrary Antenna Arrays" IEEE Wireless
Communications and Networking Conference, Volume 2, 13-17 March
2005, pp 938-943.
[24] L. Schumacher and B. Raghothaman "Closed-Form Expressions for the
Correlation Coefficient of Directive Antennas Impinged by a
Multimodal Truncated Laplacian PAS" IEEE Transaction on Wireless
Communications, Volume 4, Issue 4, July 2005 pp 1351-1359.
[25] M. T. Ivrlac and J. A. Nossek "Diversity and Correlation in Rayleigh
Fading MIMO Channels" IEEE61st Volume 1, 30 May-1June 2005 pp
151-155.
[26] S.K. Yong and J.S. Thompson "Three-Dimensional Spatial Fading
Correlation Models for Compact MIMO Receivers" IEEE Transactions
on Wireless Communications, Volume 4, Issue 6, Nov. 2005 PP 2856-
2869.
[27] Po-Ying Chen and Hsueh-Jyh Li "Space-Time Correlation for Narrowand
Wideband MIMO Fading Signals in Macro- and Microcells" IEEE
61st Volume 1, 30 May-1June 2005, pp 131-135.
[28] J. C. Liberti and T. S. Rappaport, "A Geometrically Based Model for
Line of Sight Multipath Radio Channels," IEEE VTC, Apr. 1996,
pp.844-48.
[29] P. Petrus, J. H. Reed, and T. S. Rappaport, "Geometrically Based
Statistical Channel Model for Macrocellular Mobile Environments,"
IEEE Proc.GLOBECOM, 1996, pp. 1197-1201.
[1] G. J. Foschini and M. J. Gans, "On limits of wireless communications in
a fading environment," Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 6, pp.
311-335, 1998.
[2] I. Emre Telatar, "Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels,"
European Transactions on Telecommunications, vol.10, no. 6, pp. 585-
595, Nov./Dec. 1999, (Published in October,1995 as a Technical
Memorandum. Bell Laboratories).
[3] W. C. Y. Lee, "Effects on correlation between two mobile radio basestation
antennas," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-21, pp. 1214-
1224, Nov. 1973.
[4] J. P. Kermoal, L. Schumacher, P. E. Mogensen, and K. I. Pedersen,
"Experimental investigation of correlation properties of MIMO radio
channels for indoor picocell scenarios," in Proceedings IEEE Vehicular
Technology Conference. IEEE VTC Fall, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 14-21.
[5] J. P. Kermoal, L. Schumacher, K. I. Pedersen, P. E. Mogensen and F.
Frederiksen, "A Stochastic MIMO Radio Channel Model With
Experimental Validation" in IEEE journal on selected areas in
Commun., vol. 20, No. 6, August 2002.
[6] D. Chizhik, J. Ling, P. Wolniansky, R. Valenzuela, N. Costa and K.
Huber, "Multiple Input Multiple Output Measurements and Modeling in
Manhattan" IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
Volume 21, Issue 3, April 2003 Page(s):321 - 331.
[7] D. P. McNamara, M. A. Beach, P. N. Fltcher, "Spatial correlation in
indoor MIMO channels" The 13th IEEE International Symposiu on
Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002. Volume 1,
15-18 Sept. 2002 Page(s):290-294.
[8] P. Kyritsi, D. C. Cox, R. A. Valenzuela and P. W. Wolniansky,
"Correlation Analysis Based on MIMO Channel Measurements in an
Indoor Environment" IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, Volume 21, Issue 5, June 2003 pp 713-720.
[9] S. Wang, K. Raghukumary, A. Abdi, J. Wallacez, M. Jensen, "Indoor
MIMO Channels: A Parametric Correlation Model and Experimental
Results" IEEE/Sarnoff Symposium on Advances in Wired and Wireless
Communication, 26-27 Apr 2004 pp 1-5.
[10] A. Intarapanich, P. L. Kafle, R. J. Davies, A. B. Sesay and J. McRory,
"Spatial Correlation Measurements for Broadband MIMO Wireless
Channels" 60th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference,
Volume 1, 26-29 Sept. 2004, pp 52-56.
[11] O. Fernandez, M. Domingo and R.P. Torres, "Empirical analysis of the
correlation of MIMO channels in indoor scenarios at 2GHz" IEE
Communications Proceedings Volume 152, Issue 1, 24 Feb. 2005, pp
82-88.
[12] A. W. Umrani, V. K Dube, "Deterministic Simulations of Spatial
Fading Correlation for MIMO Communication Channels" 7th
International Multi Topic Conference (INMIC), 8-9 Dec. 2003, pp 78-
83.
[13] R. B. Ertel, P. Cardieri, K. W. Sowerby, T. S. Rappaport, and J. H. Reed,
"Overview of spatial channel models for antenna array communication
systems" IEEE Personal Communications, Volume 5, Issue 1, Feb.
1998 pp 10-22.
[14] D. Shiu, G. Foschini, M. Gans, and J. Kahn, "Fading correlation and its
effect on the capacity of multi-element antenna systems," IEEE Trans.
Commun., vol. 48, pp. 502-513, Mar. 2000.
[15] W. C. Jakes, Microwave Mobile Communications. New York: IEEE,
1993.
[16] W. C. Y. Lee, "Effects on correlation between two mobile radio basestation
antennas," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-21, pp. 1214-
1224, Nov. 1973.
[17] A. Abdi and M. Kaveh, "A space-time correlation model for
multielement antenna systems in mobile fading channels," IEEE J.
Select. Areas Comm., vol. 20, pp. 550-560, Apr. 2002.
[18] Sang-Yick Leong, Yahong R. Zheng, and Chengshan Xiao, "Space-
Time Fading Correlation Functions of a 3-D MIMO Channel Model"
IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,
Volume 2, 21-25 March 2004, pp 1127-1132.
[19] G. J. Byers and F. Takawira, "Spatially and Temporally Correlated
MIMO Channels: Modeling and Capacity Analysis" IEEE Transactions
on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 53, No. 3, May 2004.
[20] M. K. Ozdemir, E. Arvas, H. Arslan, "Dynamics of Spatial Correlation
and Implications on MIMO Systems" Communications Magazine, IEEE
Volume 42, Issue 6, June 2004 pp(s) S14-S19.
[21] M. Denis, V. Vasudevan, K. Chandra and C. Thompson, "Characterizing
Spatial Correlation in Indoor Channels" IEEE Wireless Communications
and Networking Conference (WCNC) Volume 3, 21-25 March 2004, pp
1850-1855.
[22] W. min, W. zili, G. Yaohuan, "The analysis of the correlation in The
Space-time Correlation Channel Model for MIMO Wireless
Communication System In Microcellular" International Conference on
Communications, Circuits and Systems, Volume 1, 27-30 May 2005, pp
288-292.
[23] H. Saligheh Rad, S. Gazor, "A 3D Correlation Model for MIMO Non-
Isotropic Scattering with Arbitrary Antenna Arrays" IEEE Wireless
Communications and Networking Conference, Volume 2, 13-17 March
2005, pp 938-943.
[24] L. Schumacher and B. Raghothaman "Closed-Form Expressions for the
Correlation Coefficient of Directive Antennas Impinged by a
Multimodal Truncated Laplacian PAS" IEEE Transaction on Wireless
Communications, Volume 4, Issue 4, July 2005 pp 1351-1359.
[25] M. T. Ivrlac and J. A. Nossek "Diversity and Correlation in Rayleigh
Fading MIMO Channels" IEEE61st Volume 1, 30 May-1June 2005 pp
151-155.
[26] S.K. Yong and J.S. Thompson "Three-Dimensional Spatial Fading
Correlation Models for Compact MIMO Receivers" IEEE Transactions
on Wireless Communications, Volume 4, Issue 6, Nov. 2005 PP 2856-
2869.
[27] Po-Ying Chen and Hsueh-Jyh Li "Space-Time Correlation for Narrowand
Wideband MIMO Fading Signals in Macro- and Microcells" IEEE
61st Volume 1, 30 May-1June 2005, pp 131-135.
[28] J. C. Liberti and T. S. Rappaport, "A Geometrically Based Model for
Line of Sight Multipath Radio Channels," IEEE VTC, Apr. 1996,
pp.844-48.
[29] P. Petrus, J. H. Reed, and T. S. Rappaport, "Geometrically Based
Statistical Channel Model for Macrocellular Mobile Environments,"
IEEE Proc.GLOBECOM, 1996, pp. 1197-1201.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:60987", author = "S. Rajabi and M. ArdebiliPoor and M. Shahabadi", title = "A Method for Modeling Multiple Antenna Channels", abstract = "In this paper we propose a method for modeling the
correlation between the received signals by two or more antennas
operating in a multipath environment. Considering the maximum
excess delay in the channel being modeled, an elliptical region
surrounding both transmitter and receiver antennas is produced. A
number of scatterers are randomly distributed in this region and
scatter the incoming waves. The amplitude and phase of incoming
waves are computed and used to obtain statistical properties of the
received signals. This model has the distinguishable advantage of
being applicable for any configuration of antennas. Furthermore the
common PDF (Probability Distribution Function) of received wave
amplitudes for any pair of antennas can be calculated and used to
produce statistical parameters of received signals.", keywords = "MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), SIMO
(Single Input Multiple Output), GBSBEM (Geometrically Based
Single Bounce Elliptical Model).", volume = "2", number = "9", pages = "2020-4", }
