A General Framework for Modeling Replicated Real-Time Database
There are many issues that affect modeling and designing real-time databases. One of those issues is maintaining consistency between the actual state of the real-time object of the external environment and its images as reflected by all its replicas distributed over multiple nodes. The need to improve the scalability is another important issue. In this paper, we present a general framework to design a replicated real-time database for small to medium scale systems and maintain all timing constrains. In order to extend the idea for modeling a large scale database, we present a general outline that consider improving the scalability by using an existing static segmentation algorithm applied on the whole database, with the intent to lower the degree of replication, enables segments to have individual degrees of replication with the purpose of avoiding excessive resource usage, which all together contribute in solving the scalability problem for DRTDBS.
[1] A. Bestavros, K.-J. Lin, and S. Son. "Real-Time Database System:
Issues and Applications", chapter Advances in Real-Time DataBase
Systems Research, in The Springer International Series in Engineering
and Computer Science, Vol. 396, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997,
pages 1-14.
[2] J.Baulier, P.Bohannon, S.Gogate, C.Gupta, S.Haldar, "DataBlitz storage
manager: Main memory database performance for critical applications",
in Proc. ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of
data, vol 28, no.2, pp.519-520, June 1999
[3] B. Selic. "Using the object paradigm for distributed real-time systems".
In Proc of First IEEE International Symposium on Object oriented Realtime
distributed Computing (ISORC-98), Kyoto, Japan, April 1998, pp.
478-480.
[4] Y-W.Chen, and L.Gruenwald, "Effects of Deadline Propagation on
Scheduling Nested Transactions in Distributed Real - Time Database
Systems," Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 103 - 124,
1996.
[5] J.Gray and A.Reuter, "Transaction Processing: Concepts and
Technique," Morgan Kaufman, San Mateo, CA, 1993.
[6] P.Joan, M.Fred, "Semantic data models, ACM Computing Surveys, vol
20, no. 3, pp. 153-189, September 1988.
[7] K.Ramamritham and C.Pu. "A Formal Characterization of Epsilon
Serialisability". IEEE Transaction Journal on Knowledge and Data
Engineering, vol 7, no.6, pp.:997-1007, December1995.
[8] H.Kopetz, and P.Verissimo, "Real time and dependability concepts", in
ACM Press Frontier Series, ed., ÔÇÿDistributed Systems- 2nd Ed, New
York, NY, USA, Addison-Wesley, 1994, ch. 16.
[9] Lee Juhnyoung, "Concurrency Control Algorithms for Real-time
Database Systems", PhD Thesis, Department of Computer Science,
University of Virginia, 1994.
[10] G. Mathiason and S.F. Andler "Virtual Full Replication: Achieving
Scalability in Distributed Real-Time Main-Memory Systems", in Proc.
Euromicro Conf. on Real-Time System, Porto Portugal, July 2003.
[11] M. Cochinwala and J. Bradley. "A multi database system for tracking
and retrieval of financial data". In Proc of 20th International Conf. on
Very Large Data Bases, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San
Francisco,1994, pp. 714 - 721
[12] M. Amirijoo, J. Hansson, and S. H. Son. "Specification and management
of QoS in real-time databases supporting imprecise computations". IEEE
Transactions on Computers, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 304-319, March 2006.
[13] D.Michael, P. Joan, and W.F.Victor. "Implementing relationships and
constraints in an object-oriented database using monitors". In Rules in
Database Systems, Proc. 1st International Workshop on Rules in
Database, pp. 347-363, 1993.
[14] N. Idoudi, C. Duvallet, R. Bouaziz, B. Sadeg, and F. Gargouri.
"Structural model of real-time databases: an illustration". In Proc. 11th
IEEE International Symposium on Object oriented Real-time distributed
Computing (ISORC-2008), Orlando, United State, May 2008, pp. 58 -
65.
[15] OMG,"UML Profile for MARTE: Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time
Embedded Systems", Version 1.0, OMG Document Number:
formal/2009-11-02, available at URL:
http://www.omg.org/spec/MARTE/1.0, updated at November 2009.
[16] OMG. "UML Profile for Schedulability, Performance and Time", v1.1,
formal/2005-01- 02, January 2005, available at http://www.omg.org/cgibin/
doc?formal/2005-01-02.
[17] S. Gerard, C. Mraidha, F. Terrier, and B. Baudry. "A UML-Based
Concept for High Concurrency: The Real-Time Object", In Proc. 7th
IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time
Distributed Computing (ISORC'04), Vienna, Austria, 2004, pp. 64-67.
[18] Z.Stanley and M.David. "Readings in Object Oriented Database
systems". Morgan Kau_man, San Mateo, CA, 1990.
[19] S. Demathieu, F. Thomas, C. André, S. Gérard, and F. Terrier. "First
experiments using the UML profile for MARTE". In Proc. 11th IEEE
International Symposium on Object oriented Real-time distributed
Computing (ISORC-2008), Orlando, United State, May 2008, pp. 50-57.
[20] S. G.Bruno, I.Nizar , L.Nada , D.Claude , B.Rafik , and G. Faiez " A
Framework to Model Real-Time Databases". International Journal of
Computing & Information Sciences Vol. 7, No. 1, January 2009.
[1] A. Bestavros, K.-J. Lin, and S. Son. "Real-Time Database System:
Issues and Applications", chapter Advances in Real-Time DataBase
Systems Research, in The Springer International Series in Engineering
and Computer Science, Vol. 396, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997,
pages 1-14.
[2] J.Baulier, P.Bohannon, S.Gogate, C.Gupta, S.Haldar, "DataBlitz storage
manager: Main memory database performance for critical applications",
in Proc. ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of
data, vol 28, no.2, pp.519-520, June 1999
[3] B. Selic. "Using the object paradigm for distributed real-time systems".
In Proc of First IEEE International Symposium on Object oriented Realtime
distributed Computing (ISORC-98), Kyoto, Japan, April 1998, pp.
478-480.
[4] Y-W.Chen, and L.Gruenwald, "Effects of Deadline Propagation on
Scheduling Nested Transactions in Distributed Real - Time Database
Systems," Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 103 - 124,
1996.
[5] J.Gray and A.Reuter, "Transaction Processing: Concepts and
Technique," Morgan Kaufman, San Mateo, CA, 1993.
[6] P.Joan, M.Fred, "Semantic data models, ACM Computing Surveys, vol
20, no. 3, pp. 153-189, September 1988.
[7] K.Ramamritham and C.Pu. "A Formal Characterization of Epsilon
Serialisability". IEEE Transaction Journal on Knowledge and Data
Engineering, vol 7, no.6, pp.:997-1007, December1995.
[8] H.Kopetz, and P.Verissimo, "Real time and dependability concepts", in
ACM Press Frontier Series, ed., ÔÇÿDistributed Systems- 2nd Ed, New
York, NY, USA, Addison-Wesley, 1994, ch. 16.
[9] Lee Juhnyoung, "Concurrency Control Algorithms for Real-time
Database Systems", PhD Thesis, Department of Computer Science,
University of Virginia, 1994.
[10] G. Mathiason and S.F. Andler "Virtual Full Replication: Achieving
Scalability in Distributed Real-Time Main-Memory Systems", in Proc.
Euromicro Conf. on Real-Time System, Porto Portugal, July 2003.
[11] M. Cochinwala and J. Bradley. "A multi database system for tracking
and retrieval of financial data". In Proc of 20th International Conf. on
Very Large Data Bases, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San
Francisco,1994, pp. 714 - 721
[12] M. Amirijoo, J. Hansson, and S. H. Son. "Specification and management
of QoS in real-time databases supporting imprecise computations". IEEE
Transactions on Computers, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 304-319, March 2006.
[13] D.Michael, P. Joan, and W.F.Victor. "Implementing relationships and
constraints in an object-oriented database using monitors". In Rules in
Database Systems, Proc. 1st International Workshop on Rules in
Database, pp. 347-363, 1993.
[14] N. Idoudi, C. Duvallet, R. Bouaziz, B. Sadeg, and F. Gargouri.
"Structural model of real-time databases: an illustration". In Proc. 11th
IEEE International Symposium on Object oriented Real-time distributed
Computing (ISORC-2008), Orlando, United State, May 2008, pp. 58 -
65.
[15] OMG,"UML Profile for MARTE: Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time
Embedded Systems", Version 1.0, OMG Document Number:
formal/2009-11-02, available at URL:
http://www.omg.org/spec/MARTE/1.0, updated at November 2009.
[16] OMG. "UML Profile for Schedulability, Performance and Time", v1.1,
formal/2005-01- 02, January 2005, available at http://www.omg.org/cgibin/
doc?formal/2005-01-02.
[17] S. Gerard, C. Mraidha, F. Terrier, and B. Baudry. "A UML-Based
Concept for High Concurrency: The Real-Time Object", In Proc. 7th
IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time
Distributed Computing (ISORC'04), Vienna, Austria, 2004, pp. 64-67.
[18] Z.Stanley and M.David. "Readings in Object Oriented Database
systems". Morgan Kau_man, San Mateo, CA, 1990.
[19] S. Demathieu, F. Thomas, C. André, S. Gérard, and F. Terrier. "First
experiments using the UML profile for MARTE". In Proc. 11th IEEE
International Symposium on Object oriented Real-time distributed
Computing (ISORC-2008), Orlando, United State, May 2008, pp. 50-57.
[20] S. G.Bruno, I.Nizar , L.Nada , D.Claude , B.Rafik , and G. Faiez " A
Framework to Model Real-Time Databases". International Journal of
Computing & Information Sciences Vol. 7, No. 1, January 2009.
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:54406", author = "Hala Abdel hameed and Hazem M. El-Bakry and Torky Sultan", title = "A General Framework for Modeling Replicated Real-Time Database", abstract = "There are many issues that affect modeling and designing real-time databases. One of those issues is maintaining consistency between the actual state of the real-time object of the external environment and its images as reflected by all its replicas distributed over multiple nodes. The need to improve the scalability is another important issue. In this paper, we present a general framework to design a replicated real-time database for small to medium scale systems and maintain all timing constrains. In order to extend the idea for modeling a large scale database, we present a general outline that consider improving the scalability by using an existing static segmentation algorithm applied on the whole database, with the intent to lower the degree of replication, enables segments to have individual degrees of replication with the purpose of avoiding excessive resource usage, which all together contribute in solving the scalability problem for DRTDBS.
", keywords = "Database modeling, Distributed database, Real time databases, Replication", volume = "3", number = "4", pages = "999-7", }
