Pressure Swing Adsorption with Cassava Adsorbent for Dehydration of Ethanol Vapor
Ethanol has become more attractive in fuel industry
either as fuel itself or an additive that helps enhancing the octane
number and combustibility of gasoline. This research studied a
pressure swing adsorption using cassava-based adsorbent prepared
from mixture of cassava starch and cassava pulp for dehydration of
ethanol vapor. The apparatus used in the experiments consisted of
double adsorption columns, an evaporator, and a vacuum pump. The
feed solution contained 90-92 %wt of ethanol. Three process
variables: adsorption temperatures (110, 120 and 130°C), adsorption
pressures (1 and 2 bar gauge) and feed vapor flow rate (25, 50 and 75
% valve opening of the evaporator) were investigated. According to
the experimental results, the optimal operating condition for this
system was found to be at 2 bar gauge for adsorption pressure, 120°C
for adsorption temperature and 25% valve opening of the evaporator.
Production of 1.48 grams of ethanol with concentration higher than
99.5 wt% per gram of adsorbent was obtained. PSA with cassavabased
adsorbent reported in this study could be an alternative method
for production of nearly anhydrous ethanol. Dehydration of ethanol
vapor achieved in this study is due to an interaction between free
hydroxyl group on the glucose units of the starch and the water
molecules.
[1] M. Ladisch and K. Dyck, "Dehydration of Ethanol: New Approach
Gives Positive Energy Balance," Science, vol. 205, pp. 898-900, 1979.
[2] M. Ladisch, M. Voloch, J. Hong, P. Blenkowski and G. Tsao,
"Cornmeal Adsorber for Dehydrating Ethanol Vapors," I&EC Proc. Des.
Develop., vol. 23, pp. 437-443, 1984.
[3] H. Chang, X. Yuan, H. Tian and A. Zeng, "Experiment and Prediction of
Breakthrough Curves for Packed Bed Adsorption of Water Vapor on
Cornmeal," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 45, pp. 747-754 ,2006.
[4] J. Hong, M. Voloch, M. Ladisch and G. Tsao, "Adsorption of Ethanol-
Water Mixtures by Biomass Materials," Biotech. Bioeng., vol. 24, pp.
725-730, 1982.
[5] P. Bienkowski, A. Barthé, M. Voloch, R. Neuman and M. Ladisch,
"Breakthrough Behavior of 17.5 mol% Water in Methanol, Ethanol,
Isopropanol, and t-Butanol Vapors Passed over Corn Grits," Biotech.
Bioeng., vol. 28, pp. 960-964, 1986.
[6] L. Anderson, M. Gulati, P. Westgate, E. Kvam, K. Bowman and M.
Ladisch, "Synthesis and Optimization of a New Starch-Based Adsorbent
for Dehumidification of Air in a Pressure-Swing Dryer," Ind. Eng.
Chem. Res., vol. 35, pp. 1180-1187, 1996.
[7] M. Ladisch, "Biobased Adsorbents for Drying of Gases," Enzyme
Microb. Tech., vol. 20, pp. 162-164, (1997).
[8] T. Benson and C. George, "Cellulose Based Adsorbent Materials for the
Dehydration of Ethanol Using Thermal Swing Adsorption," Adsorption,
vol. 11, pp. 697-701, 2005.
[9] G. Vareli, P. Demertzis and K. Akrida-Demertzi, "Effect of
Regeneration Thermal Threatment of Cellulosic and Starchy Materials
on Their Capacity to Separate Water and Ethanol," J. Cereal Sci., vol.
31, pp. 147-154, 2000.
[10] X. Han, X. Ma, J. Liu and H. Li, "Adsorption Characterisation of Water
and Ethanol on Wheat Starch and Wheat Gluten Using inverse Gas
Chromatography," Carbohydrate. Polym., vol. 78, pp. 533-537, 2009.
[11] A. Al-Asheh, F. Banat and N. Al-Lagtah, "Separation of Ethanol-Water
Mixtures Using Molecular Sieves and Biobased Adsorbents," Trans
IChemE, Part A, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., vol. 82(A7), pp. 855-864, 2004.
[12] K. Beery, and M. Ladisch, "Chemistry and Properties of Starch Based
Desiccants," Enzyme Microb. Tech., vol. 28, pp. 573-581, 2001.
[13] K. Beery, and M. Ladisch, "Adsorption of Water from Liquid-Phase
Ethanol-Water Mixtures at Room Temperature Using Starch-Based
Adsorbents," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 40, pp. 2112-2115, 2001.
[14] Chontira Boonfung, Panarat Rattanaphanee, Cassva-based adsorbent for
ethanol dehydration, J. KMUTNB.,vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 196-202, 2010.
[1] M. Ladisch and K. Dyck, "Dehydration of Ethanol: New Approach
Gives Positive Energy Balance," Science, vol. 205, pp. 898-900, 1979.
[2] M. Ladisch, M. Voloch, J. Hong, P. Blenkowski and G. Tsao,
"Cornmeal Adsorber for Dehydrating Ethanol Vapors," I&EC Proc. Des.
Develop., vol. 23, pp. 437-443, 1984.
[3] H. Chang, X. Yuan, H. Tian and A. Zeng, "Experiment and Prediction of
Breakthrough Curves for Packed Bed Adsorption of Water Vapor on
Cornmeal," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 45, pp. 747-754 ,2006.
[4] J. Hong, M. Voloch, M. Ladisch and G. Tsao, "Adsorption of Ethanol-
Water Mixtures by Biomass Materials," Biotech. Bioeng., vol. 24, pp.
725-730, 1982.
[5] P. Bienkowski, A. Barthé, M. Voloch, R. Neuman and M. Ladisch,
"Breakthrough Behavior of 17.5 mol% Water in Methanol, Ethanol,
Isopropanol, and t-Butanol Vapors Passed over Corn Grits," Biotech.
Bioeng., vol. 28, pp. 960-964, 1986.
[6] L. Anderson, M. Gulati, P. Westgate, E. Kvam, K. Bowman and M.
Ladisch, "Synthesis and Optimization of a New Starch-Based Adsorbent
for Dehumidification of Air in a Pressure-Swing Dryer," Ind. Eng.
Chem. Res., vol. 35, pp. 1180-1187, 1996.
[7] M. Ladisch, "Biobased Adsorbents for Drying of Gases," Enzyme
Microb. Tech., vol. 20, pp. 162-164, (1997).
[8] T. Benson and C. George, "Cellulose Based Adsorbent Materials for the
Dehydration of Ethanol Using Thermal Swing Adsorption," Adsorption,
vol. 11, pp. 697-701, 2005.
[9] G. Vareli, P. Demertzis and K. Akrida-Demertzi, "Effect of
Regeneration Thermal Threatment of Cellulosic and Starchy Materials
on Their Capacity to Separate Water and Ethanol," J. Cereal Sci., vol.
31, pp. 147-154, 2000.
[10] X. Han, X. Ma, J. Liu and H. Li, "Adsorption Characterisation of Water
and Ethanol on Wheat Starch and Wheat Gluten Using inverse Gas
Chromatography," Carbohydrate. Polym., vol. 78, pp. 533-537, 2009.
[11] A. Al-Asheh, F. Banat and N. Al-Lagtah, "Separation of Ethanol-Water
Mixtures Using Molecular Sieves and Biobased Adsorbents," Trans
IChemE, Part A, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., vol. 82(A7), pp. 855-864, 2004.
[12] K. Beery, and M. Ladisch, "Chemistry and Properties of Starch Based
Desiccants," Enzyme Microb. Tech., vol. 28, pp. 573-581, 2001.
[13] K. Beery, and M. Ladisch, "Adsorption of Water from Liquid-Phase
Ethanol-Water Mixtures at Room Temperature Using Starch-Based
Adsorbents," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 40, pp. 2112-2115, 2001.
[14] Chontira Boonfung, Panarat Rattanaphanee, Cassva-based adsorbent for
ethanol dehydration, J. KMUTNB.,vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 196-202, 2010.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:61111", author = "Chontira Boonfung and Panarat Rattanaphanee", title = "Pressure Swing Adsorption with Cassava Adsorbent for Dehydration of Ethanol Vapor", abstract = "Ethanol has become more attractive in fuel industry
either as fuel itself or an additive that helps enhancing the octane
number and combustibility of gasoline. This research studied a
pressure swing adsorption using cassava-based adsorbent prepared
from mixture of cassava starch and cassava pulp for dehydration of
ethanol vapor. The apparatus used in the experiments consisted of
double adsorption columns, an evaporator, and a vacuum pump. The
feed solution contained 90-92 %wt of ethanol. Three process
variables: adsorption temperatures (110, 120 and 130°C), adsorption
pressures (1 and 2 bar gauge) and feed vapor flow rate (25, 50 and 75
% valve opening of the evaporator) were investigated. According to
the experimental results, the optimal operating condition for this
system was found to be at 2 bar gauge for adsorption pressure, 120°C
for adsorption temperature and 25% valve opening of the evaporator.
Production of 1.48 grams of ethanol with concentration higher than
99.5 wt% per gram of adsorbent was obtained. PSA with cassavabased
adsorbent reported in this study could be an alternative method
for production of nearly anhydrous ethanol. Dehydration of ethanol
vapor achieved in this study is due to an interaction between free
hydroxyl group on the glucose units of the starch and the water
molecules.", keywords = "Adsorption, PSA, Ethanol, Dehydration, Cassava.", volume = "4", number = "11", pages = "719-4", }