To Study the Parametric Effects on Optimality of Various Feeding Sequences of a Multieffect Evaporators in Paper Industry using Mathematical Modeling and Simulation with MATLAB

This paper describes a steady state model of a multiple effect evaporator system for simulation and control purposes. The model includes overall as well as component mass balance equations, energy balance equations and heat transfer rate equations for area calculations for all the effects. Each effect in the process is represented by a number of variables which are related by the energy and material balance equations for the feed, product and vapor flow for backward, mixed and split feed. For simulation 'fsolve' solver in MATLAB source code is used. The optimality of three sequences i.e. backward, mixed and splitting feed is studied by varying the various input parameters.




References:
[1] A.K. Ray and Pitam. Singh, "Simulation of Multiple Effect Evaporator
for black Liquor Concentration", IPPTA, vol. 12(3), pp. 35-45, (2000).
[2] A.R. Gupta, "Mathematical Modeling g and analysis of pulp washing
problems", Ph.D Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee.
(2001).
[3] A.K. Ray, N.K. Sharma and Pitam. Singh, "Estimation of Energy Gains
through Modelling and Simulation of Multiple Effect Evaporator
System in a Paper Mill", IPPTA, vol. 16(2), pp. 35-45, (2004).
[4] A.K. Ray and N.K. Sharma, "Simulation of Multi-Effect Evaporator for
Paper Mill-Effect of Flash and Product Utilization for Mixed Feeds
Sequences", IPPTA, vol. 16(4), pp. 55-64, (2004).
[5] A.O.S. Costa, and E.L. Enrique, "Modeling of an industrial multiple
effect evaporator system", In Proceedings of the 35th Congresso e
Exposicao Anual de Celulose e Papel. 2002.
[6] B.K. Dutta, Heat transfer Priciples and Applications. Prentice Hall of
India Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi. (2005).
[7] C. D. Holland, "Fundamentals and modelling of separation processes"
Englewood cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Inc. 1975.
[8] C.H. Runyon, T.R. Rumsey and K.L. McCarthy, "Dynamic simulation of
a non-linear model of a double effect evaporator", Journal of Food
Engineering, vol. 14, pp. 185-201, 1991.
[9] C. Cadet, Y. Toure, G. Gilles and J.P. Chabriat, "Knowledge modelling
and non-linear predictive control of evaporators in cane sugar
production plants", Journal of Food Engineering, vol. 40(1/2), pp.59-
70, 1999.
[10] C. Riverol, and V. Napolitano, "Non-linear Control of an evaporator
using an error trajectory technique", Journal of Chemical Technology
and Biotechnology, vol. 75, pp. 1047-1053, 2000.
[11] D.Q. Kern, "Process heat transfer". McGraw Hill, 1950.
[12] H. Nishitani and E. Kunugita, "The optimal flow pattern of multiple
effect evaporator systems" Computers and Chemical Engineering, vol.
3,pp. 261-268, 1979.
[13] H.T. El-Dessouky, I. Alatiqi, S. Bingulac and H. Ettouney, "Steady state
analysis of the multiple effect evaporation desalination process".
Chemical Engineering Technology, 21, 15-29. 1998.
[14] H.T. El-Dessouky, H.M. Ettouney and F. Al-Juwayhel, "Multiple effect
evaporation-vapor compression desalination processes", Transactions of
IChemE, vol. 78(Part A), pp. 662-676, 2000.
[15] J. Gullichsen and C.J. Fogelholm, Chemical Pulping, Paper Making
Science and Technology a series of 19 books, 6B, B18-20, 2000.
[16] J. Algehed, & T. Berntsson Evaporation of black liquor and wastewater
using medium-pressure steam:Simulation and economic evaluation of
novel designs, Applied Thermal Engineering, 23, 481-495, 2003.
[17] L.R. Radovic, A.Z Tasic, D.K. Grozanic, B.D. Djordjevic and V.J.
Valent, "Computer design and analysis of operation of a multiple effect
evaporator system in the sugar industry", Industrial and Engineering
Chemistry Process Design and Development, vol. 18, pp. 318-323,
1979.
[18] M.H. Khademi, M.R. Rahimpour, and A. Jahanmiri, "Simulation and
optimization of a six-effect evaporator in a desalination process",
Chemical Engineering and Processing, vol. 48, pp. 339-347, (2009).
[19] N.J. Rao, and R. Kumar, "Energy conservation approaches in a paper
mill with special reference to the evaporator plant". In Proceedings of
the IPPTA international (1985).
[20] R.N. Lambert, D.D. Joye and F.W. Koko, "Design calculations for
multiple effect evaporators. I. Linear methods", Industrail Engineering
Chemistry Research, vol. 26, pp. 100-104, 1987.
[21] R. Bhargava, "Simulation of flat falling film evaporator network", PhD
dissertation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Roorkee, India, 2004.
[22] R .Bhargava, S .Khanam., B .Mohanty and A. K. Ray, "Selection of
optimal feed flow sequence for a multiple effect evaporator system",
Computers and Chemical Engineering, vol. 32, pp. 2203-2216, 2008a.
[23] R .Bhargava, S .Khanam., B .Mohanty and A. K. Ray, "Simulation of flat
fallinf film evaporator system for concentration black liquor", Computers
and Chemical Engineering, vol. 32, pp. 3213-3233, 2008b.
[24] S. Itahara and L.I. Stiel, "Optimal design of multiple effect evaporators
by dynamic programming", Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
Process Design and Development, vol. 5, pp. 309, 1966.
[25] S. Khanam and B.Mohanty, "Energy reduction schemes for multiple
effect evaporator systems", Applied Energy, vol. 87, pp.1102-1111,
(2010).
[26] V.K. Agarwal, M.S. Alam. and S.C. Gupta. "Mathematical model for
existing multiple effect evaporator systems", Chemical Engineering
World, vol.39, pp. 76-78. 2004.
[27] V. Miranda and R. Simpson, "Modelling and simulation of an industrial
multiple effect evaporator: Tomato concentrate", Journal of Food
Engineering, vol. 66, pp. 203-210, 2005.