Viscosity of Vegetable Oils and Biodiesel and Energy Generation
The present work describes an experimental
investigation concerning the determination of viscosity behavior with
shear rate and temperature of edible oils: canola; sunflower; corn;
soybean and the no edible oil: Jatropha curcas. Besides these, it was
tested a blend of canola, corn and sunflower oils as well as sunflower
and soybean biodiesel. Based on experiments, it was obtained shear
stress and viscosity at different shear rates of each sample at 40ºC, as
well as viscosity of each sample at various temperatures in the range
of 24 to 85ºC. Furthermore, it was compared the curves obtained for
the viscosity versus temperature with the curves obtained by
modeling the viscosity dependency on temperature using the Vogel
equation. Also a test in a stationary engine was performed in order to
study the energy generation using blends of soybean oil and soybean
biodiesel with diesel.
[1] Demirbas, A., Biofuels securing the planet-s future energy needs", in
Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 50 (9), 2009, pp. 2239-2249.
[2] Pereira, R.G., Oliveira, C.D., Oliveira, J.L., Oliveira, P.C.P., Fellows,
C.E., Piamba, O.E., "Exhaust emissions and electric energy generation
in a stationary engine using blends of diesel and soybean biodiesel", in
Renewable Energy, Vol. 32 (14), 2007, pp. 2453-2460.
[3] Pereira, R.G., Tulcan, O.E.P., Lameira, V.J., Santo Filho, D.M.E.,
Andrade, E.T., "Use of soybean oil in energy generation", in: Krezhova,
D. (Ed.), Recent trends for enhancing the diversity and quality of
soybean products. InTech Publishing, Rijeka, Croatia, 2011, pp. 301-
320.
[4] Pereira, R.G., Tulcan, O.E.P., Fellows, C.E., Lameira, V.J., Quelhas,
O.L.G., Aguiar, M.E., Santo Filho, D.M.E., "Sustainability and
mitigation of greenhouse gases using ethyl beef tallow biodiesel in
energy generation", in Journal of Cleaner Production, 29-30, 2012, pp.
269-276.
[5] Abramovay, Ricardo, Biocombustíveis - The Energy Controversy,
Editora Senac, São Paulo (2009), pp. 60-97 (in Portuguese).
[6] Çengel, Yunus A., Cimbala, John M., Fluid Mechanics - Fundamentals
and Applications, Editora McGraw-Hill, São Paulo (2007), pp. 41-45
(in Portuguese).
[7] Streit, Rosalvo (2012), B Diesel Oil Consumption in Brazil grows
5.2% in 2011, CNT News Agency, accessed October 1, 2012,
http://www.cnt.org.br/Paginas/Agencia_Noticia.aspx?n=8076 (in
Portuguese).
[8] Knothe, Gerhard, Gerpen, Jon Van, Krahl, J├╝rgen, Ramos, Luiz Pereira,
The Biodiesel Handbook, Blucher, São Paulo (2006), pp. 89-90 (in
Portuguese).
[9] Faria, Marcia Dardari Castanheira, Pinto, Ricardo Rodrigues da Cunha,
Valle, Maria Letícia Murta, Effect of Biodiesel in Fuel Atomization in
Direct Injection Diesel Engines, Revista de Química Industrial, Ano 78,
nº 727, 2º trimestre de 2010, pp. 20-25.
[10] Brock et al, Experimental determination of viscosity and thermal
conductivity of vegetable oils, Revista Ciência e Tecnologia de
Alimentos, 28(3), (2008), pp. 564-570.
[11] Stachowiak, Gwidon, Batchelor, Andrew W., Engineering Tribology,
Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2005), pp. 13-15.
[1] Demirbas, A., Biofuels securing the planet-s future energy needs", in
Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 50 (9), 2009, pp. 2239-2249.
[2] Pereira, R.G., Oliveira, C.D., Oliveira, J.L., Oliveira, P.C.P., Fellows,
C.E., Piamba, O.E., "Exhaust emissions and electric energy generation
in a stationary engine using blends of diesel and soybean biodiesel", in
Renewable Energy, Vol. 32 (14), 2007, pp. 2453-2460.
[3] Pereira, R.G., Tulcan, O.E.P., Lameira, V.J., Santo Filho, D.M.E.,
Andrade, E.T., "Use of soybean oil in energy generation", in: Krezhova,
D. (Ed.), Recent trends for enhancing the diversity and quality of
soybean products. InTech Publishing, Rijeka, Croatia, 2011, pp. 301-
320.
[4] Pereira, R.G., Tulcan, O.E.P., Fellows, C.E., Lameira, V.J., Quelhas,
O.L.G., Aguiar, M.E., Santo Filho, D.M.E., "Sustainability and
mitigation of greenhouse gases using ethyl beef tallow biodiesel in
energy generation", in Journal of Cleaner Production, 29-30, 2012, pp.
269-276.
[5] Abramovay, Ricardo, Biocombustíveis - The Energy Controversy,
Editora Senac, São Paulo (2009), pp. 60-97 (in Portuguese).
[6] Çengel, Yunus A., Cimbala, John M., Fluid Mechanics - Fundamentals
and Applications, Editora McGraw-Hill, São Paulo (2007), pp. 41-45
(in Portuguese).
[7] Streit, Rosalvo (2012), B Diesel Oil Consumption in Brazil grows
5.2% in 2011, CNT News Agency, accessed October 1, 2012,
http://www.cnt.org.br/Paginas/Agencia_Noticia.aspx?n=8076 (in
Portuguese).
[8] Knothe, Gerhard, Gerpen, Jon Van, Krahl, J├╝rgen, Ramos, Luiz Pereira,
The Biodiesel Handbook, Blucher, São Paulo (2006), pp. 89-90 (in
Portuguese).
[9] Faria, Marcia Dardari Castanheira, Pinto, Ricardo Rodrigues da Cunha,
Valle, Maria Letícia Murta, Effect of Biodiesel in Fuel Atomization in
Direct Injection Diesel Engines, Revista de Química Industrial, Ano 78,
nº 727, 2º trimestre de 2010, pp. 20-25.
[10] Brock et al, Experimental determination of viscosity and thermal
conductivity of vegetable oils, Revista Ciência e Tecnologia de
Alimentos, 28(3), (2008), pp. 564-570.
[11] Stachowiak, Gwidon, Batchelor, Andrew W., Engineering Tribology,
Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2005), pp. 13-15.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:50330", author = "Thiago de O. Macedo and Roberto G. Pereira and Juan M. Pardal and Alexandre S. Soares and Valdir deJ. Lameira", title = "Viscosity of Vegetable Oils and Biodiesel and Energy Generation", abstract = "The present work describes an experimental
investigation concerning the determination of viscosity behavior with
shear rate and temperature of edible oils: canola; sunflower; corn;
soybean and the no edible oil: Jatropha curcas. Besides these, it was
tested a blend of canola, corn and sunflower oils as well as sunflower
and soybean biodiesel. Based on experiments, it was obtained shear
stress and viscosity at different shear rates of each sample at 40ºC, as
well as viscosity of each sample at various temperatures in the range
of 24 to 85ºC. Furthermore, it was compared the curves obtained for
the viscosity versus temperature with the curves obtained by
modeling the viscosity dependency on temperature using the Vogel
equation. Also a test in a stationary engine was performed in order to
study the energy generation using blends of soybean oil and soybean
biodiesel with diesel.", keywords = "Biofuel, energy generation, vegetable oil, viscosity.", volume = "7", number = "5", pages = "245-6", }