Using Field Indices of Rill and Gully in order to Erosion Estimating and Sediment Analysis (Case Study: Menderjan Watershed in Isfahan Province, Iran)
Today, incorrect use of lands and land use changes,
excessive grazing, no suitable using of agricultural farms, plowing on
steep slopes, road construct, building construct, mine excavation etc
have been caused increasing of soil erosion and sediment yield. For
erosion and sediment estimation one can use statistical and empirical
methods. This needs to identify land unit map and the map of
effective factors. However, these empirical methods are usually time
consuming and do not give accurate estimation of erosion. In this
study, we applied GIS techniques to estimate erosion and sediment of
Menderjan watershed at upstream Zayandehrud river in center of
Iran. Erosion faces at each land unit were defined on the basis of land
use, geology and land unit map using GIS. The UTM coordinates of
each erosion type that showed more erosion amounts such as rills and
gullies were inserted in GIS using GPS data. The frequency of
erosion indicators at each land unit, land use and their sediment yield
of these indices were calculated. Also using tendency analysis of
sediment yield changes in watershed outlet (Menderjan hydrometric
gauge station), was calculated related parameters and estimation
errors. The results of this study according to implemented watershed
management projects can be used for more rapid and more accurate
estimation of erosion than traditional methods. These results can also
be used for regional erosion assessment and can be used for remote
sensing image processing.
[1] Ahmadi, H., Mohammadi, A., Ghoddusi, J. and Salajegheh, A., 2008,
Management of gully lands by investigation of effective factors and
developing model in order to gully length growth potential, case study;
Hableh Rud watershed), proceedings of 4th national conference of
sciences and watershed management engineering of Iran, 21 & 22
February, Tehran University, Iran.
[2] Bocco, G., 1991. Gully erosion: processes and models. Progress in
Physical Geography 15 (4), 392-406.
[3] Brovitskaya, N., Kokorev, A. V., lemeshko, N. A., 2003. Rgional pattern
in recent trends in sediment yields of Eurasian and Siberian rivers.
Global and Planetary Change, 39: 127- 146.
[4] De Bie, C.A.J.M. , 2005, Assessment of soil erosion indicators for
maize-based agro-ecosystems in Kenya. Catena 59 pp 231-251.
[5] De Vente, J., Poesen, J., Verstraeten, G., 2005. The application of semiquantitative
methods and reservoir sedimentation rates for the prediction
of basin sediment yield in Spain. Journal of Hydrology 305, 63-86.
[6] FAO, 1993. Field measurement of soil erosion and runoff. FAO Soils
Bulletin, vol. 68. FAO, Rome. 139 pp.
[7] Gyssels, G., Poesen, J., 2003. The importance of plant root
characteristics in controlling concentrated flow erosion rates. Earth Surf.
Processes Landf. 28, 371- 384.
[8] Feiznia, S., Mokhtari, A., Ahmadi, H., 2002, Using remote sensing for
land use and land cover data layers in MPSIAC erosion model, Journal
of Research and Reclamation(Iran), No. 54.
[9] Ghoddusi, J., 1994, Growth and development of gullies, research report,
Institute of Researches of Forests and Rangelands, 28 ps.
[10] Harley,. J and Ronalds., D., 1999, elevation models as a tool for
manitoring and measuring gully erosion. ITC, Volume1-Issue 2- 91-
101pp.
[11] Huon, S., Bellanger, B., Bonte', Ph., Podwojewski, P., Valentin, C.,
Velasquez, F., Bricquet, J-P., de Rouw, A., Girardin, C., 2005.
Monitoring soil organic carbon erosion with isotopic tracers, two case
studies on cultivated tropical catchments with steep slopes (Laos,
Venezuela). Advances in Soil Science. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida,
USA.
[12] Hoyos ,N., 2005. Spatial modeling of soil erosion potential in a tropical
watershed of the Colombian Andes. Catena 63 pp85-108.
[13] Hudson, N., 1995. Runoff, erosion and sedimentation: prediction and
measurement. In: FAO (Ed.), Land and Water Integration and River
Basin Management, FAO Land and Water Bulletin, vol. 1. 85 pp.
[14] Krause, A.K., Franks, S.W., Kalma, J.D., Loughran, R.J., Rowan, J.S.,
2003. Multi parameter fingerprinting of sediment deposition in a small
gullied catchment in SE Australia. Catena 53 (4), 327- 348.
[15] Lal, R., 2001. Soil degradation by erosion. Land Degrad. Dev. 12, 519-
539.
[16] Lal, R., 1994a. Methods and guidelines for assessing sustainable use of
soil and water resources in the tropics. SMSS Technical Monograph,
vol. 21. USDA and the Department of Agronomy, Ohio State
University, Columbus. 78 pp.
[17] Lal, R., 1994b. Soil Erosion Research Methods, 2nd ed. Soil and Water
Conservation Society, Ankeny, Iowa.
[18] Logan T.J., Urban D.R., Adams J.R., and Yaksichs, 1982. Erosion
control potential with conservation tillage in the Lake Erie basin:
estimates using the universal soil loss equation and the land resource
information system (LRIS). Reprinted with permission of Journal of Soil
and Water Conservation, 37: 50-55.
[19] Mart─▒'nez-Casasnovas, J.A., 2003. A spatial information technology
approach for the mapping and quantification of gully erosion Catena 50
pp 293- 308.
[20] Nasri M.,Gholami A., Najafi A. and Modarres R., 2006. The Estimation
of soil erosion and sediment yield using GIS and statistical multivariate
techniques, proceedings of 5th symposium Agro-inviron, Ghent
university, Ghent, Belgium.
[21] Oldeman, L.R., Hakkeling, R.T.A., Sombroek, W.G., 1991. World Map
of the Status of Human-Induced Soil Degradation. International Soil
Reference and Information CenterÔÇöUnited Nations Environmental
Programme, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[22] Poesen, J., Boardman, J., Wilcox, B., Valentin, C., 1996. Water erosion
monitoring and experimentation for global change studies. Journal of
Soil and Water Conservation 51, 386- 390.
[23] Stocking, M.A., Murnaghan, N., 2001. Handbook for the Field
Assessment of Land Degradation. arthscan Publications Ltd, London
Sterling VA.
[24] Valentin, C., Poesen, J., and Li, Yong, 2005, Gully erosion: Impacts,
factors and control, Catena 63, 132-153.
[25] Vigiak, O., Okoba Barrack, O., Sterk,G., Stroosnijder L. ,2005a. Water
erosion assessment using farmers- indicators in the West Usambara
Msountains, Tanzania . Catena 64 ,pp 307-320.
[26] Vigiak, O., Okoba Barrack, O., Sterk,G and Groenenberg,. S.
,2005b.Modelling catchment-scale erosion patterns in the East African
Highlands. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 30, pp 183-196.
[27] Wasson, R.J., Caitcheon, G., Murray, A.S., McCulloch, M., Quade, J.,
2002. Sourcing sediment using multiple tracers in the catchment of Lake
Argyle, northwestern Australia. Environmental Management 29 (5),
634- 646.
[1] Ahmadi, H., Mohammadi, A., Ghoddusi, J. and Salajegheh, A., 2008,
Management of gully lands by investigation of effective factors and
developing model in order to gully length growth potential, case study;
Hableh Rud watershed), proceedings of 4th national conference of
sciences and watershed management engineering of Iran, 21 & 22
February, Tehran University, Iran.
[2] Bocco, G., 1991. Gully erosion: processes and models. Progress in
Physical Geography 15 (4), 392-406.
[3] Brovitskaya, N., Kokorev, A. V., lemeshko, N. A., 2003. Rgional pattern
in recent trends in sediment yields of Eurasian and Siberian rivers.
Global and Planetary Change, 39: 127- 146.
[4] De Bie, C.A.J.M. , 2005, Assessment of soil erosion indicators for
maize-based agro-ecosystems in Kenya. Catena 59 pp 231-251.
[5] De Vente, J., Poesen, J., Verstraeten, G., 2005. The application of semiquantitative
methods and reservoir sedimentation rates for the prediction
of basin sediment yield in Spain. Journal of Hydrology 305, 63-86.
[6] FAO, 1993. Field measurement of soil erosion and runoff. FAO Soils
Bulletin, vol. 68. FAO, Rome. 139 pp.
[7] Gyssels, G., Poesen, J., 2003. The importance of plant root
characteristics in controlling concentrated flow erosion rates. Earth Surf.
Processes Landf. 28, 371- 384.
[8] Feiznia, S., Mokhtari, A., Ahmadi, H., 2002, Using remote sensing for
land use and land cover data layers in MPSIAC erosion model, Journal
of Research and Reclamation(Iran), No. 54.
[9] Ghoddusi, J., 1994, Growth and development of gullies, research report,
Institute of Researches of Forests and Rangelands, 28 ps.
[10] Harley,. J and Ronalds., D., 1999, elevation models as a tool for
manitoring and measuring gully erosion. ITC, Volume1-Issue 2- 91-
101pp.
[11] Huon, S., Bellanger, B., Bonte', Ph., Podwojewski, P., Valentin, C.,
Velasquez, F., Bricquet, J-P., de Rouw, A., Girardin, C., 2005.
Monitoring soil organic carbon erosion with isotopic tracers, two case
studies on cultivated tropical catchments with steep slopes (Laos,
Venezuela). Advances in Soil Science. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida,
USA.
[12] Hoyos ,N., 2005. Spatial modeling of soil erosion potential in a tropical
watershed of the Colombian Andes. Catena 63 pp85-108.
[13] Hudson, N., 1995. Runoff, erosion and sedimentation: prediction and
measurement. In: FAO (Ed.), Land and Water Integration and River
Basin Management, FAO Land and Water Bulletin, vol. 1. 85 pp.
[14] Krause, A.K., Franks, S.W., Kalma, J.D., Loughran, R.J., Rowan, J.S.,
2003. Multi parameter fingerprinting of sediment deposition in a small
gullied catchment in SE Australia. Catena 53 (4), 327- 348.
[15] Lal, R., 2001. Soil degradation by erosion. Land Degrad. Dev. 12, 519-
539.
[16] Lal, R., 1994a. Methods and guidelines for assessing sustainable use of
soil and water resources in the tropics. SMSS Technical Monograph,
vol. 21. USDA and the Department of Agronomy, Ohio State
University, Columbus. 78 pp.
[17] Lal, R., 1994b. Soil Erosion Research Methods, 2nd ed. Soil and Water
Conservation Society, Ankeny, Iowa.
[18] Logan T.J., Urban D.R., Adams J.R., and Yaksichs, 1982. Erosion
control potential with conservation tillage in the Lake Erie basin:
estimates using the universal soil loss equation and the land resource
information system (LRIS). Reprinted with permission of Journal of Soil
and Water Conservation, 37: 50-55.
[19] Mart─▒'nez-Casasnovas, J.A., 2003. A spatial information technology
approach for the mapping and quantification of gully erosion Catena 50
pp 293- 308.
[20] Nasri M.,Gholami A., Najafi A. and Modarres R., 2006. The Estimation
of soil erosion and sediment yield using GIS and statistical multivariate
techniques, proceedings of 5th symposium Agro-inviron, Ghent
university, Ghent, Belgium.
[21] Oldeman, L.R., Hakkeling, R.T.A., Sombroek, W.G., 1991. World Map
of the Status of Human-Induced Soil Degradation. International Soil
Reference and Information CenterÔÇöUnited Nations Environmental
Programme, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[22] Poesen, J., Boardman, J., Wilcox, B., Valentin, C., 1996. Water erosion
monitoring and experimentation for global change studies. Journal of
Soil and Water Conservation 51, 386- 390.
[23] Stocking, M.A., Murnaghan, N., 2001. Handbook for the Field
Assessment of Land Degradation. arthscan Publications Ltd, London
Sterling VA.
[24] Valentin, C., Poesen, J., and Li, Yong, 2005, Gully erosion: Impacts,
factors and control, Catena 63, 132-153.
[25] Vigiak, O., Okoba Barrack, O., Sterk,G., Stroosnijder L. ,2005a. Water
erosion assessment using farmers- indicators in the West Usambara
Msountains, Tanzania . Catena 64 ,pp 307-320.
[26] Vigiak, O., Okoba Barrack, O., Sterk,G and Groenenberg,. S.
,2005b.Modelling catchment-scale erosion patterns in the East African
Highlands. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 30, pp 183-196.
[27] Wasson, R.J., Caitcheon, G., Murray, A.S., McCulloch, M., Quade, J.,
2002. Sourcing sediment using multiple tracers in the catchment of Lake
Argyle, northwestern Australia. Environmental Management 29 (5),
634- 646.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:59675", author = "Masoud Nasri and Sadat Feiznia and Mohammad Jafari and Hasan Ahmadi", title = "Using Field Indices of Rill and Gully in order to Erosion Estimating and Sediment Analysis (Case Study: Menderjan Watershed in Isfahan Province, Iran)", abstract = "Today, incorrect use of lands and land use changes,
excessive grazing, no suitable using of agricultural farms, plowing on
steep slopes, road construct, building construct, mine excavation etc
have been caused increasing of soil erosion and sediment yield. For
erosion and sediment estimation one can use statistical and empirical
methods. This needs to identify land unit map and the map of
effective factors. However, these empirical methods are usually time
consuming and do not give accurate estimation of erosion. In this
study, we applied GIS techniques to estimate erosion and sediment of
Menderjan watershed at upstream Zayandehrud river in center of
Iran. Erosion faces at each land unit were defined on the basis of land
use, geology and land unit map using GIS. The UTM coordinates of
each erosion type that showed more erosion amounts such as rills and
gullies were inserted in GIS using GPS data. The frequency of
erosion indicators at each land unit, land use and their sediment yield
of these indices were calculated. Also using tendency analysis of
sediment yield changes in watershed outlet (Menderjan hydrometric
gauge station), was calculated related parameters and estimation
errors. The results of this study according to implemented watershed
management projects can be used for more rapid and more accurate
estimation of erosion than traditional methods. These results can also
be used for regional erosion assessment and can be used for remote
sensing image processing.", keywords = "Erosion and sedimentation, Gully, Rill, GIS,
GPS, Menderjan Watershed", volume = "2", number = "7", pages = "69-7", }
