Transform-Domain Rate-Distortion Optimization Accelerator for H.264/AVC Video Encoding
In H.264/AVC video encoding, rate-distortion
optimization for mode selection plays a significant role to achieve
outstanding performance in compression efficiency and video quality.
However, this mode selection process also makes the encoding
process extremely complex, especially in the computation of the ratedistortion
cost function, which includes the computations of the sum
of squared difference (SSD) between the original and reconstructed
image blocks and context-based entropy coding of the block. In this
paper, a transform-domain rate-distortion optimization accelerator
based on fast SSD (FSSD) and VLC-based rate estimation algorithm
is proposed. This algorithm could significantly simplify the hardware
architecture for the rate-distortion cost computation with only
ignorable performance degradation. An efficient hardware structure
for implementing the proposed transform-domain rate-distortion
optimization accelerator is also proposed. Simulation results
demonstrated that the proposed algorithm reduces about 47% of total
encoding time with negligible degradation of coding performance.
The proposed method can be easily applied to many mobile video
application areas such as a digital camera and a DMB (Digital
Multimedia Broadcasting) phone.
[1] ISO/IEC 14496-10, Information Technology-Coding of audio-visual
objects-Part:10: Advanced Video Coding. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11
(2004)
[2] Weigand T., Sullivan, G. Bjontegaard, and G.,Luthra, A., " Overview of
H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst.
Video Technol., vol. 13, pp 560-576, July 2003.
[3] T.Wiegand, H.Schwarz, A.Joch, F. Kossentini, and G.J. Sullivan," Rateconstrained
coder control and comparison of video coding standards,"
IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video Technol., vol 13, no. 7, pp.688-
703, July 2003
[4] Zhibo Chen, Peng Zhou, Yun He, "Fast Integer Pel and Fractional Pel
Motion Estimation for JVT," Joint Video Team (JVT) Docs, JVT-F017,
Dec. 2002.
[5] Yang L., Yu K., Li J., Li S. "An effective variable block size early
termination algorithm for H.264 video coding," IEEE Trans. Circuits
and Syst. Video Technol., vol. 15, no. 6, pp.784-788, June 2005.
[6] Feng Pan, Xiao Lin, Susanto Rahardja, Keng Pang Lim, Z.G. Li, Dajun
Wu, and Si WU, " Fast Mode Decision Algorithm for Intra-prediction in
H.264/AVC Video Coding," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video
Technol., vol. 15, no. 7, pp-813-822, July 2005.
[7] K.P.Lim, S. Wu, D. J. Wu, S. Rahardja, X.Lin, F.Pan, and Z.G.Li," Fast
inter mode selection," Joint Video Team(JVT), Doc. JVT-I020, Sep-
2003.
[8] Joint Video Team (JVT) reference software version 9.6,
http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/old_jm/
[9] C.H. Tseng, H.M. Wang, and J. F. Yang, "Enhanced Intra 4x4 Mode
Decision for H.264/AVC Coders," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst.
Video Technol., vol. 16, no. 8, pp.1027-1032, August 2006.
[10] Yu-Kuang Tu, Jar-Ferr Yang and Ming-Ting Sun, "Efficient Rate-
Distortion Estimation for H.264/AVC Coders", IEEE Trans. Circuits
and Syst. Video Technol., vol, 16 , pp. 600 - 611, May 2006.
[11] Mohammed Golam Sarwer, and Lai Man Po, " Fast bit rate estimation
for mode decision of H.264/AVC," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst.
Video Technol., vol, 17 , no. 10, October 2007, pp. 1402 - 1407.
[12] Q. Chen and Y. He, " A fast bit estimation method for rate distortion
optimization in H.264/AVC," in Proceeding of Picture Coding Symp.,
2004.
[13] Zhenyu Wei and King Ngi Ngan, "A fast rate-distortion optimization
algorithm for H.264/AVC," IEEE ICASSP 2007, pp. I-1157-I-1160.
[14] Lai-Man Po and Kai Guo, "Transform-Domain fast sum of the squared
difference computation for H.264/AVC Rate-Distortion Optimization",
IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video Technol., vol, 17 , no 66, pp. 765
- 773, June 2007.
[15] ITU-T Rec. H.264/ISO/IEC 11496-10, "Advanced Video Coding",
Final Committee Draft, Documents JVT-E022, September 2002.
[16] Iain E. G. Richardson, H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression - video
coding for next generation multimedia, John Wily & Sons, pp. 198-207,
2003.
[17] G. Bjontegaard, "Calculation of average PSNR differences between RDcurves,"
presented at the 13th VCEG-M33 Meeting, Austin, TX, April
2001.
[1] ISO/IEC 14496-10, Information Technology-Coding of audio-visual
objects-Part:10: Advanced Video Coding. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11
(2004)
[2] Weigand T., Sullivan, G. Bjontegaard, and G.,Luthra, A., " Overview of
H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst.
Video Technol., vol. 13, pp 560-576, July 2003.
[3] T.Wiegand, H.Schwarz, A.Joch, F. Kossentini, and G.J. Sullivan," Rateconstrained
coder control and comparison of video coding standards,"
IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video Technol., vol 13, no. 7, pp.688-
703, July 2003
[4] Zhibo Chen, Peng Zhou, Yun He, "Fast Integer Pel and Fractional Pel
Motion Estimation for JVT," Joint Video Team (JVT) Docs, JVT-F017,
Dec. 2002.
[5] Yang L., Yu K., Li J., Li S. "An effective variable block size early
termination algorithm for H.264 video coding," IEEE Trans. Circuits
and Syst. Video Technol., vol. 15, no. 6, pp.784-788, June 2005.
[6] Feng Pan, Xiao Lin, Susanto Rahardja, Keng Pang Lim, Z.G. Li, Dajun
Wu, and Si WU, " Fast Mode Decision Algorithm for Intra-prediction in
H.264/AVC Video Coding," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video
Technol., vol. 15, no. 7, pp-813-822, July 2005.
[7] K.P.Lim, S. Wu, D. J. Wu, S. Rahardja, X.Lin, F.Pan, and Z.G.Li," Fast
inter mode selection," Joint Video Team(JVT), Doc. JVT-I020, Sep-
2003.
[8] Joint Video Team (JVT) reference software version 9.6,
http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/old_jm/
[9] C.H. Tseng, H.M. Wang, and J. F. Yang, "Enhanced Intra 4x4 Mode
Decision for H.264/AVC Coders," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst.
Video Technol., vol. 16, no. 8, pp.1027-1032, August 2006.
[10] Yu-Kuang Tu, Jar-Ferr Yang and Ming-Ting Sun, "Efficient Rate-
Distortion Estimation for H.264/AVC Coders", IEEE Trans. Circuits
and Syst. Video Technol., vol, 16 , pp. 600 - 611, May 2006.
[11] Mohammed Golam Sarwer, and Lai Man Po, " Fast bit rate estimation
for mode decision of H.264/AVC," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst.
Video Technol., vol, 17 , no. 10, October 2007, pp. 1402 - 1407.
[12] Q. Chen and Y. He, " A fast bit estimation method for rate distortion
optimization in H.264/AVC," in Proceeding of Picture Coding Symp.,
2004.
[13] Zhenyu Wei and King Ngi Ngan, "A fast rate-distortion optimization
algorithm for H.264/AVC," IEEE ICASSP 2007, pp. I-1157-I-1160.
[14] Lai-Man Po and Kai Guo, "Transform-Domain fast sum of the squared
difference computation for H.264/AVC Rate-Distortion Optimization",
IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video Technol., vol, 17 , no 66, pp. 765
- 773, June 2007.
[15] ITU-T Rec. H.264/ISO/IEC 11496-10, "Advanced Video Coding",
Final Committee Draft, Documents JVT-E022, September 2002.
[16] Iain E. G. Richardson, H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression - video
coding for next generation multimedia, John Wily & Sons, pp. 198-207,
2003.
[17] G. Bjontegaard, "Calculation of average PSNR differences between RDcurves,"
presented at the 13th VCEG-M33 Meeting, Austin, TX, April
2001.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:63289", author = "Mohammed Golam Sarwer and Lai Man Po and Kai Guo and Q.M. Jonathan Wu", title = "Transform-Domain Rate-Distortion Optimization Accelerator for H.264/AVC Video Encoding", abstract = "In H.264/AVC video encoding, rate-distortion
optimization for mode selection plays a significant role to achieve
outstanding performance in compression efficiency and video quality.
However, this mode selection process also makes the encoding
process extremely complex, especially in the computation of the ratedistortion
cost function, which includes the computations of the sum
of squared difference (SSD) between the original and reconstructed
image blocks and context-based entropy coding of the block. In this
paper, a transform-domain rate-distortion optimization accelerator
based on fast SSD (FSSD) and VLC-based rate estimation algorithm
is proposed. This algorithm could significantly simplify the hardware
architecture for the rate-distortion cost computation with only
ignorable performance degradation. An efficient hardware structure
for implementing the proposed transform-domain rate-distortion
optimization accelerator is also proposed. Simulation results
demonstrated that the proposed algorithm reduces about 47% of total
encoding time with negligible degradation of coding performance.
The proposed method can be easily applied to many mobile video
application areas such as a digital camera and a DMB (Digital
Multimedia Broadcasting) phone.", keywords = "Context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC),H.264/AVC, rate-distortion optimization (RDO), sum of squareddifference (SSD).", volume = "3", number = "11", pages = "2183-11", }