The Influence of Organic Waste on Vegetable Nutritional Components and Healthy Livelihood, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Household waste form a larger proportion of waste
generated across the state, accumulation of organic waste is an
apparent problem and the existing dump sites could be overstress.
Niger state has abundant arable land and water resources thus should
be one of the highest producers of agricultural crops in the country.
However, the major challenge to agricultural sector today is loss of
soil nutrient coupled with high cost of fertilizer. These have
continued to increase the use of fertilizer and decomposed solid waste
for enhance agricultural yield, which have varying effects on the soil
as well a threat to human livelihood. Consequently, vegetable yield
samples from poultry droppings, decomposed household waste
manure, NPK treatments and control from each replication were
subjected to proximate analysis to determine the nutritional and antinutritional
component as well as heavy metal concentration. Data
collected was analyzed using SPSS software and Randomized
complete Block Design means were compared. The result shows that
the treatments do not devoid the concentrations of any nutritional
components while the anti-nutritional analysis proved that NPK had
higher oxalate content than control and organic treats. The
concentration of lead and cadmium are within safe permissible level
while the mercury level exceeded the FAO/WHO maximum
permissible limit for the entire treatments depicts the need for urgent
intervention to minimize mercury levels in soil and manure in order
to mitigate its toxic effect. Thus, eco-agriculture should be widely
accepted and promoted by the stakeholders for soil amendment,
higher yield, strategies for sustainable environmental protection, food
security, poverty eradication, attainment of sustainable development
and healthy livelihood.
[1] Rotich K. H., Zhao Y., and Dong J., Municipal solid waste management
challenges in developing countries – Kenyan case study. Waste
Management Vol. 26, Issue 1 Pp 92-100, 2006.
[2] Latifah A. M., Moh’d A.A.S., and Nur I.M. Z., Municipal solid waste
management in Malaysia: Practices and challenges. Waste Management
Vol. 29, Issue 11 Pp 2902-2906, 2009.
[3] Yeny D., and Yulinah T., Solid Waste Management in Asian
Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities J. Appl. Environ.
Biol. Sci., 2(7)329-335, 2012.
[4] Babayemi, J. O. and Dauda, K. T., Evaluation of Solid Waste
Generation, Categories and Disposal Options in Developing Countries:
A Case Study of Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. Vol. 13(3) 83 –
88, 2009.
[5] Shekdar, A.V., Sustainable solid waste management: An integrated
approach for Asian countries. Waste Management, 29: 1438-1448, 2009.
[6] Agamuthu P., fauziah S.H. and Kabil K., Evolution of Solid Waste
Management in Malaysia; Impacts and Implications of the Waste Bill,
2007. J. Mater Cycles Waste Management. Vol.11 Pp 96-103, 2009.
[7] Imad A. K., Municipal Solid Waste Management in Developing
Countries: Future Challenges and Possible Opportunities, Integrated
Waste Management - Volume II, Mr. Sunil Kumar (Ed.), ISBN: 978-
953-307- 447-4 Pp 35- 48, 2011.
[8] Kadafa A. A., Latifah A.M., Abdullah H. S., and Sulaiman W. N. A.
Current Status of Municipal Solid Waste Management Practise in FCT
Abuja Research. Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 5(6): Pp.
295-304, ISSN: 2041-0484; e-ISSN: 2041-0492, 2013.
[9] Brain D. and Ni-Bin C., Forecasting municipal solid waste generation in
a fast-growing urban region with system dynamics modeling. Waste
Management Vol. 25, Issue 7 Pp 669-679, 2005.
[10] Muhammad A., Zahida P., Muhammad I., Riazuddin, S. I., Mubarik A.,
Rashid B., Monitoring of Toxic Metals (Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and
Mercury) in Vegetables of Sindh, Pakistan, Kathmandu University
Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. 6 (2): 60-65, 2010.
[11] Abdulkadir, A. A. Okhimamhe, Y. M. Bello, H. Ibrahim, M.T. Usman
and D. H. Makun Eco-Agriculture for Effective Solid Waste
Management in Minna, Nigeria. Accepted for presentation at
International Conference on Geography and Environmental management
to be held in Rome, Italy during September, 17-18, (2015).
[12] Rehman K., Ashraf S., Rashid U. Ibrahim M., Hima S., Iftikhar T. and
Ramzan S., Comparison of Proximate and Heavy Metal Contents of
Vegetables Grown with Fresh and Wastewater. Pak. J. Bot., 45(2): 391-
400, 2013.
[13] Agbaire Nutritional and Anti-nutritional Levels of Some Local
Vegetables (Vernomia anydalira, Manihot esculenta, Teiferia
occidentalis, Talinum triangulare, Amaranthus spinosus). J. Appl. Sci.
Environ. Manage. Vol. 15 (4) 625 – 628, 2011.
[14] Effiongh GS, Ogban PI, Ibia TO, Adam AA, Evaluation of Nutrient
supplying Potentials of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis, Hook,
F.) And Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) (L.) Moench (2009). Acad. J.
Plant Sci. 2(3): 209-214.
[15] UPMC (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center) (2003). Information
for Patients Pittsburgh, PA, USA www.upmc.com, PDF accessed (5th
Dec.2013).
[16] Noonan S.C., and Savage G.P., Oxalate Content of Foods and its Effects
on Human Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr, Vol 8(1): Pp 64-74, 1999.
[17] Virginia P., Swati V., Sushma P., and Ajit P., Effect of cooking and
processing methods on oxalate content of green leafy vegetables and
pulses. Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry 5(04), 311-314 ISSN
1906-3040, 2012.
[18] Albinhn, P.B.E. and Savage, G.P., The effect of cooking on the location
and concentration of oxalate in three cultivars of New Zealand grown ocra (Oxalis tuberose Mol). Journal of the Science of Food and
Agriculture, 81, 1027-1033, 2001.
[19] Amin O. I., Chibugo H. A., and Charles A. N., A Survey of Heavy Metal
(Lead, Cadmium and Copper) Contents of Selected Fruit and Vegetable
Crops from Borno State of Nigeria International Journal of Engineering
and Science 2(1):01-05, 2013.
[20] Asaolu, S.S. and Asaolu, M.F., Trace Metal Distribution in Nigerian
Leafy Vegetables. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9(1): 91-92, 2010.
[21] Sobokola, O.P., Adeneran, O. M., Odedairo, A. A., and Kajihausa, O.E.,
Heavy Metal Levels of Some Fruits and Leafy Vegetables from Selected
Markets in Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science, 4(2): 383-
393, 2010.
[22] EU SCOOP (EC; European Commission) Report from Task 3.2.11:
Assessment of the dietary exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead and
mercury of the population of the EU Member States. European
Commission, Directorate-General Health and Consumer Protection.
SCOOP report, 2004.
[23] Arora M., Kiran B., Rani S., Rani A., Kaur B, et al. Heavy metal
accumulation in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources.
Food Chem 111: 811-815, 2008.
[24] FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Summary and
conclusions, 53rd Meeting, Rome, 1999.
[25] FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme Codex Committee on
Contaminants in Foods. Fifth Session (Cf/5 Inf/1) The Hague, The
Netherlands, 21 - 25 March 2011. Working Document For Information
And Use In Discussions Related To Contaminants And Toxins In The
Gsctff (Prepared by Japan and the Netherlands) pp 13-22, 2011.
[26] FSAI (Food Safety Authority of Ireland) Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, Tin
and Arsenic in Food. Toxicology Factsheet Series; Issue No.1 pp 1-13,
2009.
[27] Mohammed. M.I., and Sharif N., Lead and Cadmium Levels of Five
Commonly and Widely Consumed Leafy Vegetables in Kano State,
Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science, 19(2): 304-307,
2011.
[1] Rotich K. H., Zhao Y., and Dong J., Municipal solid waste management
challenges in developing countries – Kenyan case study. Waste
Management Vol. 26, Issue 1 Pp 92-100, 2006.
[2] Latifah A. M., Moh’d A.A.S., and Nur I.M. Z., Municipal solid waste
management in Malaysia: Practices and challenges. Waste Management
Vol. 29, Issue 11 Pp 2902-2906, 2009.
[3] Yeny D., and Yulinah T., Solid Waste Management in Asian
Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities J. Appl. Environ.
Biol. Sci., 2(7)329-335, 2012.
[4] Babayemi, J. O. and Dauda, K. T., Evaluation of Solid Waste
Generation, Categories and Disposal Options in Developing Countries:
A Case Study of Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. Vol. 13(3) 83 –
88, 2009.
[5] Shekdar, A.V., Sustainable solid waste management: An integrated
approach for Asian countries. Waste Management, 29: 1438-1448, 2009.
[6] Agamuthu P., fauziah S.H. and Kabil K., Evolution of Solid Waste
Management in Malaysia; Impacts and Implications of the Waste Bill,
2007. J. Mater Cycles Waste Management. Vol.11 Pp 96-103, 2009.
[7] Imad A. K., Municipal Solid Waste Management in Developing
Countries: Future Challenges and Possible Opportunities, Integrated
Waste Management - Volume II, Mr. Sunil Kumar (Ed.), ISBN: 978-
953-307- 447-4 Pp 35- 48, 2011.
[8] Kadafa A. A., Latifah A.M., Abdullah H. S., and Sulaiman W. N. A.
Current Status of Municipal Solid Waste Management Practise in FCT
Abuja Research. Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 5(6): Pp.
295-304, ISSN: 2041-0484; e-ISSN: 2041-0492, 2013.
[9] Brain D. and Ni-Bin C., Forecasting municipal solid waste generation in
a fast-growing urban region with system dynamics modeling. Waste
Management Vol. 25, Issue 7 Pp 669-679, 2005.
[10] Muhammad A., Zahida P., Muhammad I., Riazuddin, S. I., Mubarik A.,
Rashid B., Monitoring of Toxic Metals (Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and
Mercury) in Vegetables of Sindh, Pakistan, Kathmandu University
Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. 6 (2): 60-65, 2010.
[11] Abdulkadir, A. A. Okhimamhe, Y. M. Bello, H. Ibrahim, M.T. Usman
and D. H. Makun Eco-Agriculture for Effective Solid Waste
Management in Minna, Nigeria. Accepted for presentation at
International Conference on Geography and Environmental management
to be held in Rome, Italy during September, 17-18, (2015).
[12] Rehman K., Ashraf S., Rashid U. Ibrahim M., Hima S., Iftikhar T. and
Ramzan S., Comparison of Proximate and Heavy Metal Contents of
Vegetables Grown with Fresh and Wastewater. Pak. J. Bot., 45(2): 391-
400, 2013.
[13] Agbaire Nutritional and Anti-nutritional Levels of Some Local
Vegetables (Vernomia anydalira, Manihot esculenta, Teiferia
occidentalis, Talinum triangulare, Amaranthus spinosus). J. Appl. Sci.
Environ. Manage. Vol. 15 (4) 625 – 628, 2011.
[14] Effiongh GS, Ogban PI, Ibia TO, Adam AA, Evaluation of Nutrient
supplying Potentials of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis, Hook,
F.) And Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) (L.) Moench (2009). Acad. J.
Plant Sci. 2(3): 209-214.
[15] UPMC (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center) (2003). Information
for Patients Pittsburgh, PA, USA www.upmc.com, PDF accessed (5th
Dec.2013).
[16] Noonan S.C., and Savage G.P., Oxalate Content of Foods and its Effects
on Human Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr, Vol 8(1): Pp 64-74, 1999.
[17] Virginia P., Swati V., Sushma P., and Ajit P., Effect of cooking and
processing methods on oxalate content of green leafy vegetables and
pulses. Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry 5(04), 311-314 ISSN
1906-3040, 2012.
[18] Albinhn, P.B.E. and Savage, G.P., The effect of cooking on the location
and concentration of oxalate in three cultivars of New Zealand grown ocra (Oxalis tuberose Mol). Journal of the Science of Food and
Agriculture, 81, 1027-1033, 2001.
[19] Amin O. I., Chibugo H. A., and Charles A. N., A Survey of Heavy Metal
(Lead, Cadmium and Copper) Contents of Selected Fruit and Vegetable
Crops from Borno State of Nigeria International Journal of Engineering
and Science 2(1):01-05, 2013.
[20] Asaolu, S.S. and Asaolu, M.F., Trace Metal Distribution in Nigerian
Leafy Vegetables. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9(1): 91-92, 2010.
[21] Sobokola, O.P., Adeneran, O. M., Odedairo, A. A., and Kajihausa, O.E.,
Heavy Metal Levels of Some Fruits and Leafy Vegetables from Selected
Markets in Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science, 4(2): 383-
393, 2010.
[22] EU SCOOP (EC; European Commission) Report from Task 3.2.11:
Assessment of the dietary exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead and
mercury of the population of the EU Member States. European
Commission, Directorate-General Health and Consumer Protection.
SCOOP report, 2004.
[23] Arora M., Kiran B., Rani S., Rani A., Kaur B, et al. Heavy metal
accumulation in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources.
Food Chem 111: 811-815, 2008.
[24] FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Summary and
conclusions, 53rd Meeting, Rome, 1999.
[25] FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme Codex Committee on
Contaminants in Foods. Fifth Session (Cf/5 Inf/1) The Hague, The
Netherlands, 21 - 25 March 2011. Working Document For Information
And Use In Discussions Related To Contaminants And Toxins In The
Gsctff (Prepared by Japan and the Netherlands) pp 13-22, 2011.
[26] FSAI (Food Safety Authority of Ireland) Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, Tin
and Arsenic in Food. Toxicology Factsheet Series; Issue No.1 pp 1-13,
2009.
[27] Mohammed. M.I., and Sharif N., Lead and Cadmium Levels of Five
Commonly and Widely Consumed Leafy Vegetables in Kano State,
Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science, 19(2): 304-307,
2011.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:71228", author = "A. Abdulkadir and A. A. Okhimamhe and Y. M. Bello and H. Ibrahim and D. H. Makun and M. T. Usman", title = "The Influence of Organic Waste on Vegetable Nutritional Components and Healthy Livelihood, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria", abstract = "Household waste form a larger proportion of waste
generated across the state, accumulation of organic waste is an
apparent problem and the existing dump sites could be overstress.
Niger state has abundant arable land and water resources thus should
be one of the highest producers of agricultural crops in the country.
However, the major challenge to agricultural sector today is loss of
soil nutrient coupled with high cost of fertilizer. These have
continued to increase the use of fertilizer and decomposed solid waste
for enhance agricultural yield, which have varying effects on the soil
as well a threat to human livelihood. Consequently, vegetable yield
samples from poultry droppings, decomposed household waste
manure, NPK treatments and control from each replication were
subjected to proximate analysis to determine the nutritional and antinutritional
component as well as heavy metal concentration. Data
collected was analyzed using SPSS software and Randomized
complete Block Design means were compared. The result shows that
the treatments do not devoid the concentrations of any nutritional
components while the anti-nutritional analysis proved that NPK had
higher oxalate content than control and organic treats. The
concentration of lead and cadmium are within safe permissible level
while the mercury level exceeded the FAO/WHO maximum
permissible limit for the entire treatments depicts the need for urgent
intervention to minimize mercury levels in soil and manure in order
to mitigate its toxic effect. Thus, eco-agriculture should be widely
accepted and promoted by the stakeholders for soil amendment,
higher yield, strategies for sustainable environmental protection, food
security, poverty eradication, attainment of sustainable development
and healthy livelihood.", keywords = "Anti-nutritional, healthy livelihood, nutritional
waste, organic waste.", volume = "9", number = "9", pages = "1139-6", }
