The Effect of Transformer’s Vector Group on Retained Voltage Magnitude and Sag Frequency at Industrial Sites Due to Faults
This paper deals with the effect of a power transformer’s vector group on the basic voltage sag characteristics during unbalanced faults at a meshed or radial power network. Specifically, the propagation of voltage sags through a power transformer is studied with advanced short-circuit analysis. A smart method to incorporate this effect on analytical mathematical expressions is proposed. Based on this methodology, the positive effect of transformers of certain vector groups on the mitigation of the expected number of voltage sags per year (sag frequency) at the terminals of critical industrial customers can be estimated.
<p>[1] S. S. Deswal, R. Dahiya, and D. K. Jain, “Application of Boost
Converter For Ride-through Capability of Adjustable Speed Drives
During Sag and Swell Conditions”, World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology, Issue 23, November 2008.
[2] H. Nasiraghdam, and A. Jalilian, “Balanced and Unbalanced Voltage
Sag Mitigation Using DSTATCOM with Linear and Nonlinear Loads”,
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Issue 4, April
2007.
[3] Μ. Bollen, Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage Sags and
Interruptions, Anderson P.M., 2000, pp. 190-198.
[4] M. Aung, and J. Milanovic, “The Influence of Transformer Winding
Connections on the Propagation of Voltage Sags”, IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 262–269, January 2006.
[5] M. McGranaghan, D. Mueller, and M. Samotyj, “Voltage Sags in
Industrial Systems”, IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. 29, no.
2, pp. 397–403, March/April 1993.
[6] J. Moshtagh, and H. P. Souraki “Characteristics Analysis of Voltage Sag
and Voltage Swell in Multi-Grounded Four-Wire Power Distribution
Systems”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology,
Issue 31, July 2009.
[7] M. Moschakis, and N. Hatziargyriou, “Analytical Calculation and
Stochastic Assessment of Voltage Sags”, IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1727–1734, July 2006.
[8] M. Bollen, “Fast assessment methods for voltage sags in distribution
systems,” IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1414-
1423, November/December 1996.
[9] M. Moschakis, S. Loutridis, V. Dafopoulos, A. Anastasiadis, T. Tomtsi,
E. Karapidakis, and A. Tsikalakis, “Prediction of Voltage Sags Applying
the Method of Critical Distances to Meshed Power Networks”, in Proc.
of IEEE PMAPS (Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems)
Conference, pp. 570-575, Istanbul, Turkey, June 10-14, 2012.
[10] L. E. Conrad, "Proposed Chapter 9 for Predicting Voltage Sags (Dips) in
revision to IEEE Std 493, the Gold Book," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat.,
vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 805-821, May/June 1994.
[11] N. Patne, and K. Thakre, “Stochastic Estimation of Voltage Sags due to
Faults in the Power System by Using PSCAD/EMTDC Software as a
Tool for Simulation”, Electric Power Quality and Utilisation, Journal
Vol. XIII, No. 2, 2007.
[12] J. Martinez, J. Martin-Arnedo, “Voltage Sag Stochastic Prediction Using
an Electromagnetic Transient Program”, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery,
vol. 19, no. 4 pp. 1975-1982, October 2004.
[13] IEC 60076-1 Standard, Power Transformers – Part 1: General, 1999.
[14] IEEE C57.12.00 Standard, General Requirements for Liquid Immersed
Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers, 2000.
[15] IEEE C57.12.70 Standard, Terminal Markings and Connections for
Distribution and Power Transformers, 2000.
[16] H. Joshi, Residential, Commercial and Industrial Electrical Systems –
Vol. I: Equipment & Selection, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008, pp. 140.
[17] J. Parmar, Vector Group of Transformer,
http://electricalnotes.wordpress.com/2012/05/23/vector-group-oftransformer/
[18] J. Grainger, and W. Stevenson, Power System Analysis, McGraw-Hill,
1994, pp. 449-459.
[19] Manitoba HVDC Research Center, PSCAD-Power Systems Simulation
Software, Version 4.2, Canada, 2004.</p>
<p>[1] S. S. Deswal, R. Dahiya, and D. K. Jain, “Application of Boost
Converter For Ride-through Capability of Adjustable Speed Drives
During Sag and Swell Conditions”, World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology, Issue 23, November 2008.
[2] H. Nasiraghdam, and A. Jalilian, “Balanced and Unbalanced Voltage
Sag Mitigation Using DSTATCOM with Linear and Nonlinear Loads”,
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Issue 4, April
2007.
[3] Μ. Bollen, Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage Sags and
Interruptions, Anderson P.M., 2000, pp. 190-198.
[4] M. Aung, and J. Milanovic, “The Influence of Transformer Winding
Connections on the Propagation of Voltage Sags”, IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 262–269, January 2006.
[5] M. McGranaghan, D. Mueller, and M. Samotyj, “Voltage Sags in
Industrial Systems”, IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. 29, no.
2, pp. 397–403, March/April 1993.
[6] J. Moshtagh, and H. P. Souraki “Characteristics Analysis of Voltage Sag
and Voltage Swell in Multi-Grounded Four-Wire Power Distribution
Systems”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology,
Issue 31, July 2009.
[7] M. Moschakis, and N. Hatziargyriou, “Analytical Calculation and
Stochastic Assessment of Voltage Sags”, IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1727–1734, July 2006.
[8] M. Bollen, “Fast assessment methods for voltage sags in distribution
systems,” IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1414-
1423, November/December 1996.
[9] M. Moschakis, S. Loutridis, V. Dafopoulos, A. Anastasiadis, T. Tomtsi,
E. Karapidakis, and A. Tsikalakis, “Prediction of Voltage Sags Applying
the Method of Critical Distances to Meshed Power Networks”, in Proc.
of IEEE PMAPS (Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems)
Conference, pp. 570-575, Istanbul, Turkey, June 10-14, 2012.
[10] L. E. Conrad, "Proposed Chapter 9 for Predicting Voltage Sags (Dips) in
revision to IEEE Std 493, the Gold Book," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat.,
vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 805-821, May/June 1994.
[11] N. Patne, and K. Thakre, “Stochastic Estimation of Voltage Sags due to
Faults in the Power System by Using PSCAD/EMTDC Software as a
Tool for Simulation”, Electric Power Quality and Utilisation, Journal
Vol. XIII, No. 2, 2007.
[12] J. Martinez, J. Martin-Arnedo, “Voltage Sag Stochastic Prediction Using
an Electromagnetic Transient Program”, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery,
vol. 19, no. 4 pp. 1975-1982, October 2004.
[13] IEC 60076-1 Standard, Power Transformers – Part 1: General, 1999.
[14] IEEE C57.12.00 Standard, General Requirements for Liquid Immersed
Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers, 2000.
[15] IEEE C57.12.70 Standard, Terminal Markings and Connections for
Distribution and Power Transformers, 2000.
[16] H. Joshi, Residential, Commercial and Industrial Electrical Systems –
Vol. I: Equipment & Selection, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008, pp. 140.
[17] J. Parmar, Vector Group of Transformer,
http://electricalnotes.wordpress.com/2012/05/23/vector-group-oftransformer/
[18] J. Grainger, and W. Stevenson, Power System Analysis, McGraw-Hill,
1994, pp. 449-459.
[19] Manitoba HVDC Research Center, PSCAD-Power Systems Simulation
Software, Version 4.2, Canada, 2004.</p>
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:63864", author = "M. N. Moschakis and V. V. Dafopoulos and I. G. Andritsos and E. S. Karapidakis and J. M. Prousalidis", title = "The Effect of Transformer’s Vector Group on Retained Voltage Magnitude and Sag Frequency at Industrial Sites Due to Faults", abstract = "This paper deals with the effect of a power transformer’s vector group on the basic voltage sag characteristics during unbalanced faults at a meshed or radial power network. Specifically, the propagation of voltage sags through a power transformer is studied with advanced short-circuit analysis. A smart method to incorporate this effect on analytical mathematical expressions is proposed. Based on this methodology, the positive effect of transformers of certain vector groups on the mitigation of the expected number of voltage sags per year (sag frequency) at the terminals of critical industrial customers can be estimated.
", keywords = "Balanced and unbalanced faults, industrial design,
phase shift, power quality, power systems, voltage sags (or dips).", volume = "7", number = "7", pages = "907-7", }
