Synthesis and Characterization of Chromium (III) Complexes with L-Glutamic Acid, Glycine and LCysteine
Some Chromium (III) complexes were synthesized
with three amino acids: L Glutamic Acid, Glycine, and L-cysteine as
the ligands, in order to provide a new supplement containing Cr(III)
for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The complexes have been
prepared by refluxing a mixture of Chromium(III) chloride in
aqueous solution with L-glutamic acid, Glycine, and L-cysteine after
pH adjustment by sodium hydroxide. These complexes were
characterized by Infrared and Uv-Vis spectrophotometer and
Elemental analyzer. The product yields of four products were 87.50
and 56.76% for Cr-Glu complexes, 46.70% for Cr-Gly complex and
40.08% for Cr-Cys complex respectively. The predicted structure of
the complexes are [Cr(glu)2(H2O)2].xH2O, Cr(gly)3..xH2O and
Cr(cys)3.xH2O., respectively.
[1] Krejpcio, Z., 2001, Essentiality of Chromium for Human Nutrition and
Health, Polish J. of Environ. Studies Vol. 10, No. 6 (2001), 399-404.
[2] Vincent ., J.B., (ed), 2007, A history of Chromium Studies (1955-1995),
The Nutritional Biochemistry of Chromium(III) , Elsevier, New York .
[3] Anderson R.A., 2000, Chromium and the Prevention and Control Of
Diabetes Diabetes& Metabolism, vol.26, p. 22-27.
[4] Boghchi, D., Stohs,SJ., Downs, BW., 2002, Cytotoxicity and Oxidative
Mechanism of Different Forms of Chromium, Toxicology, No. 180 (1),
p. 5-22.
[5] Hepburn, D.D , Burney, JM., Woski,K., Vincent , J.B , 2003, The
Nutritional Supplement Chromium Picolinate Generates Oxidative DNA
Damage And Peroxidized Lipids In Vivo, Polyhedron, Vol. 22, Issue 3,
pp.455-463.
[6] Nedim, AA., Karan BZ., Öner R., Ünaleroglu, C., Öner, C., 2003,
Effects of Neutral, Cationic, and Anionic Chromium Ascorbate
Complexes on Isolated Human Mitochondrial and Genomic DNA,
J. of Biochem. and Mol. Biol. Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 403-408.
[7] Yang, X.P., Kamalakannan P., Allyn C. Ontkoa, M.N.A. Raoc, Cindy,
X.F., Rena,J., Sreejayan,N., 2005, A Newly Synthetic Chromium
Complex Chromium(Phenylalanine)3 improves Insulin Responsiveness
and Reduces Whole Body Glucose Tolerance, FEBS Letters 579,
p.1458-1464.
[8] Ochiai, 2008, Bioinorganic Chemistry, John Willey & Sons, New York,
p.235.
[9] Toepfer,E.W., Mertz, W.,Polansky, M.M., Roginski, E.E., Wolf,
W.R.,1977, Preparation Of Chromium-Containing Material Of Glucose
Tolerance Factor Activity From Brewer's Yeast Extracts And By
Synthesis, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1977, 25 (1), pp 162-166
[10] Cooper J.A., Blackwell L.F., Buckley P.D., 1984, Chromium (III)
complexes and their relationship to the Glucose Tollerance Factor, Part
II: Structure and Biological Activity of Amino Acid Complexes, Inorg.
Chim. Acta,92, 23-31
[11] Bryan, RF., Greene P.T., Stokely, P.F., Wilson, E.W., 1971, J. Inorg.
Chem, vol.10, no.7, 1468-1473.
[12] Wallace, W.M., Hoggard, P.E., 1982, In Search of The Purple Isomer of
Tris(glycinato)- Chromium (III), Inorg. Chim. Acta,, 65, L3-L5.
[13] Guindy NM., AbouGamra Z.M., Abdel Messih M.F., 2000, Kinetic
Studies on the Complexation of Chromium(III) with some Amino Acids
in Aqueous Acidic Medium, Monatshefte fur Chemie, 131,857-866.
[14] Rasuljan,M., &Al.Rashid, H., 1989, Preparation And Infrared Studies Of
Hydroxyl Bridged Chromium (III) Complexes Of L Glutamic
Acid, Jour. Chem, Soc. Pak, vol. 11, no1.
[15] Calafat, A.M., Fiol , J.J., Terron, A., Moreno, V., Goodgame,D.M.L.,
Hussain,I., 1990, Ternary Chromium (III) -Nucleotide-Amino Acid
Complexes: l-Methionine, L-Serine and Glycine Derivatives, Inorg.
Chim. Acta, 169, 133-139.
[16] Park,SJ., Choi Y.K., Han S.S., Lee, K.W., 1999, Sharp Line Electronic
Spectroscopy And Ligand Analysis Of Cr(III) Complexes With Amino
Acid Ligands, Bull Korean Chem Soc. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc.,
Vol. 20, No. 12, 1475-1478.
[17] Subramaniam, V., Hoggard, P.E., 1989, Meridional Coordination of
Diethylenetriamine to Chromium(III), Inorg. Chim. Acta, 155, 161-163.
[18] Kita ,E., Marai. H., Muziol.,T., Lenart, K., (2011) Kinetic studies of
Chromium Glicinato Complexes in Acidic and Alkaline Media, Trans.
Met. Chem, 36: 35-44.
[19] El Shahawi, 1995, Chromium (III) Complexes Of Naturally Occurring
Ligands, Spectrochim. Acta, vol51A., no 2, pp.161-170.
[20] K.S. Budiasih, C. Anwar, S.J. Santosa, H.Ismail, ,2012, Preparation and
Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Chromium(III) - Glutamic Acid
Complexes, An Antidiabetic Supplement Candidates, Proceeding,
International Conference of Indonesian Chemical Society,Malang,
Indonesia.
[21] Barth, A., 2000: The Infrared Absorption of Amino Acid Side Chains,
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology), a review, Progress
in Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 74 ,141-173.
[22] El Shahawi, 1996, Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Studies of
Chromium Complexes with Some Naturally Occurring Ligands
Containing Sulphur, SpectrocimicaActa, 59: 139-148.
[23] Han, JH., Chi, Y.S., 2010, Vibrational and Electronic Spectroscopic
Characterizations of Amino Acid-Metal Complexes, J. Korean Soc.
Appl. Biol. Chem. 53(6), 821-825.)
[24] Aileyabola .T.O, Ojo. IA., Adebajo, A.C., Ogunlusi G.O., Oyetunji,O.,
Akinkumi E.,O., Adeoye, A.O.,2012, Synthesis, Characterization and
Antimicrobial Activities of Some metal (II) amino acids- complexes,
Advances in Biological Chemistry, 2: 268-273.
[25] El-Mengharbel S.M., El-Sayed, Y.M., 2012, Synthesis and Thermal
Analysis of MnII, CrIII, FeIII Methionine Complexes, Life Science
Journal,;9 (2), 1254-1259.
[1] Krejpcio, Z., 2001, Essentiality of Chromium for Human Nutrition and
Health, Polish J. of Environ. Studies Vol. 10, No. 6 (2001), 399-404.
[2] Vincent ., J.B., (ed), 2007, A history of Chromium Studies (1955-1995),
The Nutritional Biochemistry of Chromium(III) , Elsevier, New York .
[3] Anderson R.A., 2000, Chromium and the Prevention and Control Of
Diabetes Diabetes& Metabolism, vol.26, p. 22-27.
[4] Boghchi, D., Stohs,SJ., Downs, BW., 2002, Cytotoxicity and Oxidative
Mechanism of Different Forms of Chromium, Toxicology, No. 180 (1),
p. 5-22.
[5] Hepburn, D.D , Burney, JM., Woski,K., Vincent , J.B , 2003, The
Nutritional Supplement Chromium Picolinate Generates Oxidative DNA
Damage And Peroxidized Lipids In Vivo, Polyhedron, Vol. 22, Issue 3,
pp.455-463.
[6] Nedim, AA., Karan BZ., Öner R., Ünaleroglu, C., Öner, C., 2003,
Effects of Neutral, Cationic, and Anionic Chromium Ascorbate
Complexes on Isolated Human Mitochondrial and Genomic DNA,
J. of Biochem. and Mol. Biol. Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 403-408.
[7] Yang, X.P., Kamalakannan P., Allyn C. Ontkoa, M.N.A. Raoc, Cindy,
X.F., Rena,J., Sreejayan,N., 2005, A Newly Synthetic Chromium
Complex Chromium(Phenylalanine)3 improves Insulin Responsiveness
and Reduces Whole Body Glucose Tolerance, FEBS Letters 579,
p.1458-1464.
[8] Ochiai, 2008, Bioinorganic Chemistry, John Willey & Sons, New York,
p.235.
[9] Toepfer,E.W., Mertz, W.,Polansky, M.M., Roginski, E.E., Wolf,
W.R.,1977, Preparation Of Chromium-Containing Material Of Glucose
Tolerance Factor Activity From Brewer's Yeast Extracts And By
Synthesis, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1977, 25 (1), pp 162-166
[10] Cooper J.A., Blackwell L.F., Buckley P.D., 1984, Chromium (III)
complexes and their relationship to the Glucose Tollerance Factor, Part
II: Structure and Biological Activity of Amino Acid Complexes, Inorg.
Chim. Acta,92, 23-31
[11] Bryan, RF., Greene P.T., Stokely, P.F., Wilson, E.W., 1971, J. Inorg.
Chem, vol.10, no.7, 1468-1473.
[12] Wallace, W.M., Hoggard, P.E., 1982, In Search of The Purple Isomer of
Tris(glycinato)- Chromium (III), Inorg. Chim. Acta,, 65, L3-L5.
[13] Guindy NM., AbouGamra Z.M., Abdel Messih M.F., 2000, Kinetic
Studies on the Complexation of Chromium(III) with some Amino Acids
in Aqueous Acidic Medium, Monatshefte fur Chemie, 131,857-866.
[14] Rasuljan,M., &Al.Rashid, H., 1989, Preparation And Infrared Studies Of
Hydroxyl Bridged Chromium (III) Complexes Of L Glutamic
Acid, Jour. Chem, Soc. Pak, vol. 11, no1.
[15] Calafat, A.M., Fiol , J.J., Terron, A., Moreno, V., Goodgame,D.M.L.,
Hussain,I., 1990, Ternary Chromium (III) -Nucleotide-Amino Acid
Complexes: l-Methionine, L-Serine and Glycine Derivatives, Inorg.
Chim. Acta, 169, 133-139.
[16] Park,SJ., Choi Y.K., Han S.S., Lee, K.W., 1999, Sharp Line Electronic
Spectroscopy And Ligand Analysis Of Cr(III) Complexes With Amino
Acid Ligands, Bull Korean Chem Soc. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc.,
Vol. 20, No. 12, 1475-1478.
[17] Subramaniam, V., Hoggard, P.E., 1989, Meridional Coordination of
Diethylenetriamine to Chromium(III), Inorg. Chim. Acta, 155, 161-163.
[18] Kita ,E., Marai. H., Muziol.,T., Lenart, K., (2011) Kinetic studies of
Chromium Glicinato Complexes in Acidic and Alkaline Media, Trans.
Met. Chem, 36: 35-44.
[19] El Shahawi, 1995, Chromium (III) Complexes Of Naturally Occurring
Ligands, Spectrochim. Acta, vol51A., no 2, pp.161-170.
[20] K.S. Budiasih, C. Anwar, S.J. Santosa, H.Ismail, ,2012, Preparation and
Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Chromium(III) - Glutamic Acid
Complexes, An Antidiabetic Supplement Candidates, Proceeding,
International Conference of Indonesian Chemical Society,Malang,
Indonesia.
[21] Barth, A., 2000: The Infrared Absorption of Amino Acid Side Chains,
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology), a review, Progress
in Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 74 ,141-173.
[22] El Shahawi, 1996, Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Studies of
Chromium Complexes with Some Naturally Occurring Ligands
Containing Sulphur, SpectrocimicaActa, 59: 139-148.
[23] Han, JH., Chi, Y.S., 2010, Vibrational and Electronic Spectroscopic
Characterizations of Amino Acid-Metal Complexes, J. Korean Soc.
Appl. Biol. Chem. 53(6), 821-825.)
[24] Aileyabola .T.O, Ojo. IA., Adebajo, A.C., Ogunlusi G.O., Oyetunji,O.,
Akinkumi E.,O., Adeoye, A.O.,2012, Synthesis, Characterization and
Antimicrobial Activities of Some metal (II) amino acids- complexes,
Advances in Biological Chemistry, 2: 268-273.
[25] El-Mengharbel S.M., El-Sayed, Y.M., 2012, Synthesis and Thermal
Analysis of MnII, CrIII, FeIII Methionine Complexes, Life Science
Journal,;9 (2), 1254-1259.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:64095", author = "Kun Sri Budiasih and Chairil Anwar and Sri Juari Santosa and Hilda Ismail", title = "Synthesis and Characterization of Chromium (III) Complexes with L-Glutamic Acid, Glycine and LCysteine", abstract = "Some Chromium (III) complexes were synthesized
with three amino acids: L Glutamic Acid, Glycine, and L-cysteine as
the ligands, in order to provide a new supplement containing Cr(III)
for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The complexes have been
prepared by refluxing a mixture of Chromium(III) chloride in
aqueous solution with L-glutamic acid, Glycine, and L-cysteine after
pH adjustment by sodium hydroxide. These complexes were
characterized by Infrared and Uv-Vis spectrophotometer and
Elemental analyzer. The product yields of four products were 87.50
and 56.76% for Cr-Glu complexes, 46.70% for Cr-Gly complex and
40.08% for Cr-Cys complex respectively. The predicted structure of
the complexes are [Cr(glu)2(H2O)2].xH2O, Cr(gly)3..xH2O and
Cr(cys)3.xH2O., respectively.", keywords = "Cr(III), L-Cysteine L-glutamic Acid, Glycine, complexation.", volume = "7", number = "6", pages = "446-5", }
