Studies on Determination of the Optimum Distance Between the Tmotes for Optimum Data Transfer in a Network with WLL Capability
Using mini modules of Tmotes, it is possible to automate a small personal area network. This idea can be extended to large networks too by implementing multi-hop routing. Linking the various Tmotes using Programming languages like Nesc, Java and having transmitter and receiver sections, a network can be monitored. It is foreseen that, depending on the application, a long range at a low data transfer rate or average throughput may be an acceptable trade-off. To reduce the overall costs involved, an optimum number of Tmotes to be used under various conditions (Indoor/Outdoor) is to be deduced. By analyzing the data rates or throughputs at various locations of Tmotes, it is possible to deduce an optimal number of Tmotes for a specific network. This paper deals with the determination of optimum distances to reduce the cost and increase the reliability of the entire sensor network with Wireless Local Loop (WLL) capability.
[1] Jangkyu Yun, Byeongjik Lee, Jilong Li, Kijun Han, A Channel Switching
Scheme for Avoiding Interference of between IEEE 802.15.4 and Other
Networks, International Multi-symposiums on Computer and Computational
Sciences, 2008, IMSCCS, pp.136-139.
[2] Mikko Kohvakka, Mauri Kuorilehto Marko Hnnikinen, Timo D. Hmlinen,
Performance analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee for large-scale wireless
sensor network applications, International Workshop on Modeling
Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems ,Proceedings
of the 3rd ACM international workshop on Performance evaluation of
wireless ad hoc, sensor and ubiquitous networks, Terromolinos, Spain,
2006, pp. 48-57
[3] Gutierrez, J.A. et.al,IEEE 802.15.4: a developing standard for lowpower
low-cost wireless personal area networks, Network, IEEE, Sep/Oct
2001Vol: 15, Issue: 5, pp. 12-19
[4] David B. Johnson.,Routing in ad hoc networks of mobile hosts". In Proc.
of the IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications,
December 1994,pp. 158-163.
[5] Charles E. Perkins and Pravin Bhagwat,Highly dynamic Destination-
Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers,
In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM -94), August
1993,pp.234-244.
[6] Charles E. Perkins and Elizabeth M. Royer.,Ad hoc On-Demand Distance
Vector Routing, In Addison-Wesley ,2001,pp.173-219
[7] Douglas S. J. De Couto, Daniel Aguayo, John Bicket, Robert Morris,A
high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing ,International
Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking Proceedings of the 9th
annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking,
SanDiego, California, USA,2003, pp. 134-146
[8] Edward Benner, Abu.B.Sesay,Effects of Antenna Height, Antenna Gain,
and Pattern Downtilting for Cellular Mobile Radio, IEEE transactions on
vehicular technology, vol-45,No.2,May 1996,pp. 217-224.
[9] Gregor Gaertner et al.,802.11 Link Quality and Its Prediction - An
Experimental Study,Personal Wireless Communications, IFIP TC6 9th
International Conference, PWC 2004, Delft, The Netherlands, September
21-23, 2004, pp. 147-163.
[10] Yingshu Li, My T. Thai, Weili Wu,Wireless Sensor Networks and
Applications,Springer pub,2008,p. 105.
[11] Robin Sharp,Principles of protocol design,Springer Pub,2008,p. 94.
[12] Andrew G. Blank,TCP/IP Foundations,Wiley Pub, 2004, Chapter 4, p
48.
[13] ANT24-0700, D-Link 2.4 GHz, 7 dBi gain,50 ╬®,
Omni directional antenna, Available online:
http://global.dlink.com.sg/site pdtpdfs/ANT24-0700/ANT24-0700 ds.pdf
[14] Gaston B,Spread spectrum techniques for video transmission, Northcon/
96, 4-6 Nov 1996, Seattle, WA, USA, pp. 100-105.
[15] Telos moteSky Data sheet, Available online
http://www.cs.uvm.edu/Ôê╝crobinso/mote/tmote-sky-datasheet-102.pdf
[1] Jangkyu Yun, Byeongjik Lee, Jilong Li, Kijun Han, A Channel Switching
Scheme for Avoiding Interference of between IEEE 802.15.4 and Other
Networks, International Multi-symposiums on Computer and Computational
Sciences, 2008, IMSCCS, pp.136-139.
[2] Mikko Kohvakka, Mauri Kuorilehto Marko Hnnikinen, Timo D. Hmlinen,
Performance analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee for large-scale wireless
sensor network applications, International Workshop on Modeling
Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems ,Proceedings
of the 3rd ACM international workshop on Performance evaluation of
wireless ad hoc, sensor and ubiquitous networks, Terromolinos, Spain,
2006, pp. 48-57
[3] Gutierrez, J.A. et.al,IEEE 802.15.4: a developing standard for lowpower
low-cost wireless personal area networks, Network, IEEE, Sep/Oct
2001Vol: 15, Issue: 5, pp. 12-19
[4] David B. Johnson.,Routing in ad hoc networks of mobile hosts". In Proc.
of the IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications,
December 1994,pp. 158-163.
[5] Charles E. Perkins and Pravin Bhagwat,Highly dynamic Destination-
Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers,
In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM -94), August
1993,pp.234-244.
[6] Charles E. Perkins and Elizabeth M. Royer.,Ad hoc On-Demand Distance
Vector Routing, In Addison-Wesley ,2001,pp.173-219
[7] Douglas S. J. De Couto, Daniel Aguayo, John Bicket, Robert Morris,A
high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing ,International
Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking Proceedings of the 9th
annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking,
SanDiego, California, USA,2003, pp. 134-146
[8] Edward Benner, Abu.B.Sesay,Effects of Antenna Height, Antenna Gain,
and Pattern Downtilting for Cellular Mobile Radio, IEEE transactions on
vehicular technology, vol-45,No.2,May 1996,pp. 217-224.
[9] Gregor Gaertner et al.,802.11 Link Quality and Its Prediction - An
Experimental Study,Personal Wireless Communications, IFIP TC6 9th
International Conference, PWC 2004, Delft, The Netherlands, September
21-23, 2004, pp. 147-163.
[10] Yingshu Li, My T. Thai, Weili Wu,Wireless Sensor Networks and
Applications,Springer pub,2008,p. 105.
[11] Robin Sharp,Principles of protocol design,Springer Pub,2008,p. 94.
[12] Andrew G. Blank,TCP/IP Foundations,Wiley Pub, 2004, Chapter 4, p
48.
[13] ANT24-0700, D-Link 2.4 GHz, 7 dBi gain,50 ╬®,
Omni directional antenna, Available online:
http://global.dlink.com.sg/site pdtpdfs/ANT24-0700/ANT24-0700 ds.pdf
[14] Gaston B,Spread spectrum techniques for video transmission, Northcon/
96, 4-6 Nov 1996, Seattle, WA, USA, pp. 100-105.
[15] Telos moteSky Data sheet, Available online
http://www.cs.uvm.edu/Ôê╝crobinso/mote/tmote-sky-datasheet-102.pdf
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:49580", author = "N C Santhosh Kumar and N K Kishore", title = "Studies on Determination of the Optimum Distance Between the Tmotes for Optimum Data Transfer in a Network with WLL Capability", abstract = "Using mini modules of Tmotes, it is possible to automate a small personal area network. This idea can be extended to large networks too by implementing multi-hop routing. Linking the various Tmotes using Programming languages like Nesc, Java and having transmitter and receiver sections, a network can be monitored. It is foreseen that, depending on the application, a long range at a low data transfer rate or average throughput may be an acceptable trade-off. To reduce the overall costs involved, an optimum number of Tmotes to be used under various conditions (Indoor/Outdoor) is to be deduced. By analyzing the data rates or throughputs at various locations of Tmotes, it is possible to deduce an optimal number of Tmotes for a specific network. This paper deals with the determination of optimum distances to reduce the cost and increase the reliability of the entire sensor network with Wireless Local Loop (WLL) capability.
", keywords = "Average throughput, data rate, multi-hop routing, optimum data transfer, throughput, Tmotes, wireless local loop.", volume = "3", number = "4", pages = "591-10", }
