Processes Simulation Study of Coal to Methanol Based on Gasification Technology
This study presents a simulation model for converting coal to methanol, based on gasification technology with the commercial chemical process simulator, Pro/II® V8.1.1. The methanol plant consists of air separation unit (ASU), gasification unit, gas clean-up unit, and methanol synthetic unit. The clean syngas is produced with the first three operating units, and the model has been verified with the reference data from United States Environment Protection Agency. The liquid phase methanol (LPMEOHTM) process is adopted in the methanol synthetic unit. Clean syngas goes through gas handing section to reach the reaction requirement, reactor loop/catalyst to generate methanol, and methanol distillation to get desired purity over 99.9 wt%. The ratio of the total energy combined with methanol and dimethyl ether to that of feed coal is 78.5% (gross efficiency). The net efficiency is 64.2% with the internal power consumption taken into account, based on the assumption that the efficiency of electricity generation is 40%.
[1] F. Gallucci, A. Basile, and E. Drioli., "Methanol as an energy source
and/or energy carrier in membrane processes," Separ. Purif. Rev., vol. 36,
no. 2, pp. 175-202, 2007.
[2] P. Galindo Cifre, and O. Badr, "Renewable hydrogen utilisation for the
production of methanol," Energy Convers. Manage., vol. 48, no. 2, pp.
519-527, 2007.
[3] E. Fiedler, G. Grossmann, D. B. Kersebohm, G. Weiss, and C. Witte,
Methanol. 7th ed. Ullmann-s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry,
Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, 2005.
[4] P. L. Spath, and D. C. Dayton, "Preliminary screening - technical and
economic assessment of synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals with
emphasis on the potential for biomass-derived syngas," Technical report
NREL/TP- 510-34929, 2003.
[5] PCI - Ockerbloom & Co., Inc., "Global methanol supply and demand,"
Available: http://www.methanol.org/pdfFrame.cfm?pdf=WrldSD.pdf
(accessed Jan. 25, 2010)
[6] General Electric Company, "Feasibility of methanol as a turbine fuel,"
Available:
http://www.methanol.org/pdfFrame.cfm?pdf=GEWhitePaper.pdf
(accessed Jan. 25, 2010)
[7] BP. BP Statistical Review of World Energy, British Petroleum, 2009.
[8] Gasification Technology Council, Gasification: Redefining Clean
Energy. Gasification Technology Council, 2008.
[9] Y. Zhao, H. Wen, and X. Xu, "Conceptual design and simulation study of
a co-gasification technology," Energy Convers. Manage., vol. 47, pp.
1416-1428 , 2006.
[10] L. Zheng, and E. Furinsky, "Comparison of Shell, Texaco, BGL and
KRW gasifiers as part of IGCC plant computer simulations," Energy
Convers. Manage., vol. 46, pp. 1767-1779, 2005.
[11] P. Kuchonthara, S. Bhattacharya, and A. Tsutsumi "Combination of
thermochemical recuperative coal gasification cycle and fuel cell for
power generation," Fuel., vol.84, pp.1019-1021, 2005.
[12] C. H, Frey, and N. Akunuri, "Probabilistic modeling and evaluation of the
performance, emissions, and cost of Texaco gasifier-based integrated
gasification combined cycle systems using ASPEN," Prepared by North
Carolina State University for Carnegie Mellon University and U.S.
Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, 2001. Available:
http://www4.ncsu.edu/~frey/reports/Frey_Akunuri_2001.pdf (accessed
Oct. 06, 2009)
[13] D. Brown, T. Fuchino, and F. Mare'chal., "Solid fuel decomposition
modeling for the design of biomass gasification systems." in Proc.
ESCAPE16, Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Germany, 2005, pp.1661-1666.
Available:
http://www.nt.ntnu.no/users/skoge/prost/proceedings/escape16-pse2006/
Part%20B/Volume%2021B/N52257-Topic4/Topic4-%20Oral/1445.pdf
(accessed Oct. 06, 2009).
[14] P. J. Robinson, and W. L. Luyben, "Simple dynamic gasifier model that
runs in ASPEN dynamics," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 47, pp. 7784-7792,
2008.
[15] S. V. Nathen, R. D. Kirkpatrick, and B. R. Young, "Gasification of New
Zealand coals: a comparative simulation study," Energy Fuels. vol. 22,
pp. 2687-2692, 2008.
[16] K. Kumabe, S. Fujimoto, Y. Yanagida, M. Ogata, T. Fukuda, A. Yabe,
and T. Minowa, "Environmental and economic analysis of methanol
production process via biomass gasification," Fuel, vol. 87, pp.
1422-1427, 2008.
[17] S. Vaswani, "Development of models for calculating the life cycle
inventory of methanol by liquid phase and conventional production
processes," M.S. Thesis, Dep. Civil. Eng., North Carolina State
University, U.S., 2000.
[18] F. Ju, H. Chen, X. Ding, H. Yang, X. Wang, S. Zhang, and Z. Dai,
"Process simulation of single-step dimethyl ether production via biomass
gasification," Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 27, pp. 599-605, 2009.
[19] Nexant, Inc., Environmental Footprints and Costs of Coal-Based
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Pulverized Coal
Technologies. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
EPA Contract No. 68-W-03-33, Work Assignment 2-02, 2006.
[20] Aspen Plus, "Aspen plus model of the CO2 capture process by
DEPG,"Available:
http://www.cadfamily.com/download/chemical/aspen-meoh/Aspen%20P
lus%20DEPG%20Model.pdf (accessed Jan. 13, 2010).
[21] A. R. Smith, and J. Klosek, "A review of air separation technologies and
their integration with energy conversion processes," Fuel Process.
Technol., Vol. 70, pp. 115-134, 2001.
[22] C. Higman, and M.V.D. Burgt, Gasification. Elsevier Science,
Massachusetts, 2003.
[23] J. Philips, "Gasification combined cycle 101," presented at gasification
technology conference, San Francisco, Oct. 9-12, 2005.
[24] L. D. Smoot and P. J. Smith, Coal Combustion and Gasification, Plenum
Press, New York, 1985.
[25] E. B. Ribhi, and N. Haimour, "Claus recycle with double combustion
process," Fuel Process. Technol., Vol. 86, pp. 245-260, 2004.
[26] JNJ.J. Lammers, J. Haringa, and R. J. Little, "Effect of
Polyhydroxyalcohols on COS Absorption in Aqueous
Methyldiethanolamine," Chem. Eng. J., Vol. 60, pp. 123-129, 1995.
[27] W. Breckenridge, A. HolidayJames, O. Y. Ong, and C. Sharp ,
"Commercial-scale demonstration of the liquid phase methanol
(LPMEOH) process," Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference,
February 27-March 1, 2000,The University of Oklahoma , Norman,
Oklahoma, Available:
http://www.uop.com/search/cherche.asp?target=selexol (accessed Jan.
13, 2010)
[28] W. D. Monnery, K. A. Hawboldt, A. Pollock, and W. Y. Svrcek, "New
experimental data and kinetic rate expression for the Claus reaction,"
Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 55, pp. 5141-5148, 2000.
[29] E. C. Heydorn, and B. W. Diamond, "Commercial-Scale Demonstration
of the Liquid Phase Methanol (LPMEOH™) Process," Final report, vol.
2: Project performance and economics, No. DE-FC22-92PC90543, 2003.
[30] E. C. Heydorn, B. W. Diamond, and R. D. Lilly, "Commercial-scale
Demonstration of the Liquid Phase Methanol (LPMEOH) Process,"
DOE/METL-2004/1199, No. DE-FC22-92PC90543, 2003.
[31] W. Cheng, and H. H. Kung, Methanol Production and Use, Marcel
Dekker, Inc. New York, 1994.
[32] T. Ogawa, N. Inoue, T. Shikada, and Y. Ohno, "Direct Dimethyl Ether
Synthesis," J. Nat. Gas Chem., vol. 12, pp. 219-227, 2003.
[33] C. P. Marion, "Production of Methanol," US Patent 3,920,717, 1975.
[34] A. K. Perka, T. S. Hsiung, J. Klosek, and R. B. Moore, "IGCC processes
with combined methanol synthesis/water gas shift for methanol and
electrical power production," U.S. Patent 3,946,477, 1990.
[35] P. C. Chen, H. M. Chiu, Y. P. Chyou, "A gasification island and clean-up
system model based on system-level simulation," in Proc. 2008
Taiwan/Korea/Japan Chemical Engineering Conference and 55th
Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Conference, Nov. 21-22,
Taipei, Taiwan, 2008.
[36] P. C. Chen, H. M. Chiu, Y. P. Chyou and C. S. Yu, "A System-Level
Simulation Model of Poly-Generation Plant Based on Gasification
Technology with Methanol and Power Generation," in Proc. ASME 2010
4th Int Conf on Energy Sustainability, submitted for publication.
[1] F. Gallucci, A. Basile, and E. Drioli., "Methanol as an energy source
and/or energy carrier in membrane processes," Separ. Purif. Rev., vol. 36,
no. 2, pp. 175-202, 2007.
[2] P. Galindo Cifre, and O. Badr, "Renewable hydrogen utilisation for the
production of methanol," Energy Convers. Manage., vol. 48, no. 2, pp.
519-527, 2007.
[3] E. Fiedler, G. Grossmann, D. B. Kersebohm, G. Weiss, and C. Witte,
Methanol. 7th ed. Ullmann-s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry,
Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, 2005.
[4] P. L. Spath, and D. C. Dayton, "Preliminary screening - technical and
economic assessment of synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals with
emphasis on the potential for biomass-derived syngas," Technical report
NREL/TP- 510-34929, 2003.
[5] PCI - Ockerbloom & Co., Inc., "Global methanol supply and demand,"
Available: http://www.methanol.org/pdfFrame.cfm?pdf=WrldSD.pdf
(accessed Jan. 25, 2010)
[6] General Electric Company, "Feasibility of methanol as a turbine fuel,"
Available:
http://www.methanol.org/pdfFrame.cfm?pdf=GEWhitePaper.pdf
(accessed Jan. 25, 2010)
[7] BP. BP Statistical Review of World Energy, British Petroleum, 2009.
[8] Gasification Technology Council, Gasification: Redefining Clean
Energy. Gasification Technology Council, 2008.
[9] Y. Zhao, H. Wen, and X. Xu, "Conceptual design and simulation study of
a co-gasification technology," Energy Convers. Manage., vol. 47, pp.
1416-1428 , 2006.
[10] L. Zheng, and E. Furinsky, "Comparison of Shell, Texaco, BGL and
KRW gasifiers as part of IGCC plant computer simulations," Energy
Convers. Manage., vol. 46, pp. 1767-1779, 2005.
[11] P. Kuchonthara, S. Bhattacharya, and A. Tsutsumi "Combination of
thermochemical recuperative coal gasification cycle and fuel cell for
power generation," Fuel., vol.84, pp.1019-1021, 2005.
[12] C. H, Frey, and N. Akunuri, "Probabilistic modeling and evaluation of the
performance, emissions, and cost of Texaco gasifier-based integrated
gasification combined cycle systems using ASPEN," Prepared by North
Carolina State University for Carnegie Mellon University and U.S.
Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, 2001. Available:
http://www4.ncsu.edu/~frey/reports/Frey_Akunuri_2001.pdf (accessed
Oct. 06, 2009)
[13] D. Brown, T. Fuchino, and F. Mare'chal., "Solid fuel decomposition
modeling for the design of biomass gasification systems." in Proc.
ESCAPE16, Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Germany, 2005, pp.1661-1666.
Available:
http://www.nt.ntnu.no/users/skoge/prost/proceedings/escape16-pse2006/
Part%20B/Volume%2021B/N52257-Topic4/Topic4-%20Oral/1445.pdf
(accessed Oct. 06, 2009).
[14] P. J. Robinson, and W. L. Luyben, "Simple dynamic gasifier model that
runs in ASPEN dynamics," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 47, pp. 7784-7792,
2008.
[15] S. V. Nathen, R. D. Kirkpatrick, and B. R. Young, "Gasification of New
Zealand coals: a comparative simulation study," Energy Fuels. vol. 22,
pp. 2687-2692, 2008.
[16] K. Kumabe, S. Fujimoto, Y. Yanagida, M. Ogata, T. Fukuda, A. Yabe,
and T. Minowa, "Environmental and economic analysis of methanol
production process via biomass gasification," Fuel, vol. 87, pp.
1422-1427, 2008.
[17] S. Vaswani, "Development of models for calculating the life cycle
inventory of methanol by liquid phase and conventional production
processes," M.S. Thesis, Dep. Civil. Eng., North Carolina State
University, U.S., 2000.
[18] F. Ju, H. Chen, X. Ding, H. Yang, X. Wang, S. Zhang, and Z. Dai,
"Process simulation of single-step dimethyl ether production via biomass
gasification," Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 27, pp. 599-605, 2009.
[19] Nexant, Inc., Environmental Footprints and Costs of Coal-Based
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Pulverized Coal
Technologies. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
EPA Contract No. 68-W-03-33, Work Assignment 2-02, 2006.
[20] Aspen Plus, "Aspen plus model of the CO2 capture process by
DEPG,"Available:
http://www.cadfamily.com/download/chemical/aspen-meoh/Aspen%20P
lus%20DEPG%20Model.pdf (accessed Jan. 13, 2010).
[21] A. R. Smith, and J. Klosek, "A review of air separation technologies and
their integration with energy conversion processes," Fuel Process.
Technol., Vol. 70, pp. 115-134, 2001.
[22] C. Higman, and M.V.D. Burgt, Gasification. Elsevier Science,
Massachusetts, 2003.
[23] J. Philips, "Gasification combined cycle 101," presented at gasification
technology conference, San Francisco, Oct. 9-12, 2005.
[24] L. D. Smoot and P. J. Smith, Coal Combustion and Gasification, Plenum
Press, New York, 1985.
[25] E. B. Ribhi, and N. Haimour, "Claus recycle with double combustion
process," Fuel Process. Technol., Vol. 86, pp. 245-260, 2004.
[26] JNJ.J. Lammers, J. Haringa, and R. J. Little, "Effect of
Polyhydroxyalcohols on COS Absorption in Aqueous
Methyldiethanolamine," Chem. Eng. J., Vol. 60, pp. 123-129, 1995.
[27] W. Breckenridge, A. HolidayJames, O. Y. Ong, and C. Sharp ,
"Commercial-scale demonstration of the liquid phase methanol
(LPMEOH) process," Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference,
February 27-March 1, 2000,The University of Oklahoma , Norman,
Oklahoma, Available:
http://www.uop.com/search/cherche.asp?target=selexol (accessed Jan.
13, 2010)
[28] W. D. Monnery, K. A. Hawboldt, A. Pollock, and W. Y. Svrcek, "New
experimental data and kinetic rate expression for the Claus reaction,"
Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 55, pp. 5141-5148, 2000.
[29] E. C. Heydorn, and B. W. Diamond, "Commercial-Scale Demonstration
of the Liquid Phase Methanol (LPMEOH™) Process," Final report, vol.
2: Project performance and economics, No. DE-FC22-92PC90543, 2003.
[30] E. C. Heydorn, B. W. Diamond, and R. D. Lilly, "Commercial-scale
Demonstration of the Liquid Phase Methanol (LPMEOH) Process,"
DOE/METL-2004/1199, No. DE-FC22-92PC90543, 2003.
[31] W. Cheng, and H. H. Kung, Methanol Production and Use, Marcel
Dekker, Inc. New York, 1994.
[32] T. Ogawa, N. Inoue, T. Shikada, and Y. Ohno, "Direct Dimethyl Ether
Synthesis," J. Nat. Gas Chem., vol. 12, pp. 219-227, 2003.
[33] C. P. Marion, "Production of Methanol," US Patent 3,920,717, 1975.
[34] A. K. Perka, T. S. Hsiung, J. Klosek, and R. B. Moore, "IGCC processes
with combined methanol synthesis/water gas shift for methanol and
electrical power production," U.S. Patent 3,946,477, 1990.
[35] P. C. Chen, H. M. Chiu, Y. P. Chyou, "A gasification island and clean-up
system model based on system-level simulation," in Proc. 2008
Taiwan/Korea/Japan Chemical Engineering Conference and 55th
Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Conference, Nov. 21-22,
Taipei, Taiwan, 2008.
[36] P. C. Chen, H. M. Chiu, Y. P. Chyou and C. S. Yu, "A System-Level
Simulation Model of Poly-Generation Plant Based on Gasification
Technology with Methanol and Power Generation," in Proc. ASME 2010
4th Int Conf on Energy Sustainability, submitted for publication.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:62234", author = "Po-Chuang Chen and Hsiu-Mei Chiu and Yau-Pin Chyou and Chiou-Shia Yu", title = "Processes Simulation Study of Coal to Methanol Based on Gasification Technology", abstract = "This study presents a simulation model for converting coal to methanol, based on gasification technology with the commercial chemical process simulator, Pro/II® V8.1.1. The methanol plant consists of air separation unit (ASU), gasification unit, gas clean-up unit, and methanol synthetic unit. The clean syngas is produced with the first three operating units, and the model has been verified with the reference data from United States Environment Protection Agency. The liquid phase methanol (LPMEOHTM) process is adopted in the methanol synthetic unit. Clean syngas goes through gas handing section to reach the reaction requirement, reactor loop/catalyst to generate methanol, and methanol distillation to get desired purity over 99.9 wt%. The ratio of the total energy combined with methanol and dimethyl ether to that of feed coal is 78.5% (gross efficiency). The net efficiency is 64.2% with the internal power consumption taken into account, based on the assumption that the efficiency of electricity generation is 40%.
", keywords = "Gasification, Methanol, LPMEOH, System-levelsimulation.", volume = "4", number = "5", pages = "349-9", }
