Poverty Alleviation Potential of Snail Farming in Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria
The recurring decimal of rural and urban poverty in
Nigeria, resulting from lack of sustainable livelihood activities by
the people due to non-diversification of the economy, necessitated
this study. One hundred snail farmers were randomly selected in
Akure North and Akure South Local Government areas of Ondo
State, Southwest Nigeria where snail farming is widely practised.
Data collection was through questionnaires administration and onsite
observation of farms. Data obtained were subjected to
descriptive statistics, Student-s t-test and regression analysis. Cost
benefit ratio (CBR) and rate of return on investment (RORI) were
calculated in order to determine the poverty alleviation potentials of
snail farming in the study areas. Although snail farming was
profitable and viable, it was below poverty line. With time and more
knowledge in its farming activities, and with more people taking to
snail production, its poverty alleviation and reduction potentials will
increase.
[1] S. Suyanto, N. Khususiyah, and B. Leimona, Poverty and environmental
services: Case study in Way Besai Watershed, Lampung Province,
Indonesia. Ecology and society, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 13, 2007.
[2] I.B. Oluwatayo, Poverty and income diversification among households
in rural Nigeria: A gender analysis of livelihood patterns. In the 2nd
Instituto de Conference on "Dynamics of Poverty and Patterns of
economic Accumulation in Mozambique. Conference paper No. 14.,
2009.
[3] A. De Janvry, and E. Sadoulet, Income strategies among rural
households in Mexico: The role of off-farm activities. World Dev., vol.
29, no. 3, pp. 467-480, 2001.
[4] K. Deininger, and P. Olinto, Rural non-formal employment and income
diversification in Colombia. World Dev., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 455-465,
2001.
[5] J. Escobal, The determinants of non-farm income diversification in
Peru. World Dev. Vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 497-508, 2001.
[6] M.H. Khan, Rural poverty in developing countries. Finance and
development, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1-7, 2000.
[7] S. Geller, R. McConnell, and J. Osemeobo, Linking nutritional forest
programmes to poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria. FAO, Rome,
Italy. 2006, 27Pp.
[8] V.B. Ogunlela, and A.O. Ogungbile, Alleviating rural poverty in
Nigeria: A Challenge for the National Agricultural Research. Tropentag
Conference 2006.
[9] F.O. Ogwumike, An appraisal of poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria.
CBN Economic and Financial Review, Vol. 39, No. 4, n.d.
[10] A. Gordon, and C. Craig, Rural non-farm activities and poverty
alleviation in sub-saharan Africa. Natural Resources Institute, Policy
Series 14. The University of Greenwich, 56Pp, 2001.
[11] IMF, Nigeria: Poverty reduction strategy paper-National Economic
Empowerment and Development Strategy. IMF Country Report No.
05/433. 101Pp, 2005.
[12] A.A. Ngenwi, J.M. Mafeni, K.A. Etchu, and F.T. Oben, Characteristics
of snail farmers and constraints to increased production in West Africa.
African Journal of Environmental Science and technology, Vol. 4, no. 5,
pp. 274-278, 2010.
[13] J.R. Cobbinah, A. Vink, and B. Onwuka, Snail farming: Production,
processing and marketing. Agrodok 47 and CTA, 2008.
[14] R. Thomson, and S. Cheney, Raising Snails. The Alternative Farming
Systems Information Centre, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville,
Maryland. 56 Pp, 2004.
[15] K. Etchu, M. Mafeni, and A. Ngenwi, Comparative performance of
three edible snail species using intensive cage housing system in
Cameroon. Bull. Anim. Health Prod. Afr. Vol. 56, pp. 345-352, 2008.
[16] M. Leeflang, Snail farming. Agromisa-AgroBrief Series No. 3 6Pp,
2005.
[17] FAO, State of the World-s Forest 2003. Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations. Rome 2003, pp. 61-73.
[18] World Bank World Development Report 2000/2001. Attacking
Poverty. Oxford University Press, Uk, 2001.
[19] A.A. Raheem, Economic Analysis of Snail Production in Nigeria: A
study in Ogbomoso North and South Local Government Areas in Oyo
State of Nigeria. Unpublished PGD dissertation, Ladoke Akintola
University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, 2001.
[20] L.T. Ogunniyi, Economic analysis of snail production in Ibadan, Oyo
State. International Journal of agricultural Economics and Rural
development, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 26-34, 2009.
[21] O.A. Yusuf, Economic Analysis of Snail Production and Marketing in
Ibadan metropolis. Unpublished Undergraduate Project, Ladoke
Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria,
2002.
[22] J.R. Cobbinah, Snail farming in West Africa. A Practical Guide. CTA.
56Pp, 1993.
[23] K.M. Baba, and M.T. Adeleke, Profitability of snail production in Osun
State, Nigeria. J. Agric. Food Sci. vol. 4, pp. 147-155, 2006.
[1] S. Suyanto, N. Khususiyah, and B. Leimona, Poverty and environmental
services: Case study in Way Besai Watershed, Lampung Province,
Indonesia. Ecology and society, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 13, 2007.
[2] I.B. Oluwatayo, Poverty and income diversification among households
in rural Nigeria: A gender analysis of livelihood patterns. In the 2nd
Instituto de Conference on "Dynamics of Poverty and Patterns of
economic Accumulation in Mozambique. Conference paper No. 14.,
2009.
[3] A. De Janvry, and E. Sadoulet, Income strategies among rural
households in Mexico: The role of off-farm activities. World Dev., vol.
29, no. 3, pp. 467-480, 2001.
[4] K. Deininger, and P. Olinto, Rural non-formal employment and income
diversification in Colombia. World Dev., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 455-465,
2001.
[5] J. Escobal, The determinants of non-farm income diversification in
Peru. World Dev. Vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 497-508, 2001.
[6] M.H. Khan, Rural poverty in developing countries. Finance and
development, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1-7, 2000.
[7] S. Geller, R. McConnell, and J. Osemeobo, Linking nutritional forest
programmes to poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria. FAO, Rome,
Italy. 2006, 27Pp.
[8] V.B. Ogunlela, and A.O. Ogungbile, Alleviating rural poverty in
Nigeria: A Challenge for the National Agricultural Research. Tropentag
Conference 2006.
[9] F.O. Ogwumike, An appraisal of poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria.
CBN Economic and Financial Review, Vol. 39, No. 4, n.d.
[10] A. Gordon, and C. Craig, Rural non-farm activities and poverty
alleviation in sub-saharan Africa. Natural Resources Institute, Policy
Series 14. The University of Greenwich, 56Pp, 2001.
[11] IMF, Nigeria: Poverty reduction strategy paper-National Economic
Empowerment and Development Strategy. IMF Country Report No.
05/433. 101Pp, 2005.
[12] A.A. Ngenwi, J.M. Mafeni, K.A. Etchu, and F.T. Oben, Characteristics
of snail farmers and constraints to increased production in West Africa.
African Journal of Environmental Science and technology, Vol. 4, no. 5,
pp. 274-278, 2010.
[13] J.R. Cobbinah, A. Vink, and B. Onwuka, Snail farming: Production,
processing and marketing. Agrodok 47 and CTA, 2008.
[14] R. Thomson, and S. Cheney, Raising Snails. The Alternative Farming
Systems Information Centre, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville,
Maryland. 56 Pp, 2004.
[15] K. Etchu, M. Mafeni, and A. Ngenwi, Comparative performance of
three edible snail species using intensive cage housing system in
Cameroon. Bull. Anim. Health Prod. Afr. Vol. 56, pp. 345-352, 2008.
[16] M. Leeflang, Snail farming. Agromisa-AgroBrief Series No. 3 6Pp,
2005.
[17] FAO, State of the World-s Forest 2003. Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations. Rome 2003, pp. 61-73.
[18] World Bank World Development Report 2000/2001. Attacking
Poverty. Oxford University Press, Uk, 2001.
[19] A.A. Raheem, Economic Analysis of Snail Production in Nigeria: A
study in Ogbomoso North and South Local Government Areas in Oyo
State of Nigeria. Unpublished PGD dissertation, Ladoke Akintola
University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, 2001.
[20] L.T. Ogunniyi, Economic analysis of snail production in Ibadan, Oyo
State. International Journal of agricultural Economics and Rural
development, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 26-34, 2009.
[21] O.A. Yusuf, Economic Analysis of Snail Production and Marketing in
Ibadan metropolis. Unpublished Undergraduate Project, Ladoke
Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria,
2002.
[22] J.R. Cobbinah, Snail farming in West Africa. A Practical Guide. CTA.
56Pp, 1993.
[23] K.M. Baba, and M.T. Adeleke, Profitability of snail production in Osun
State, Nigeria. J. Agric. Food Sci. vol. 4, pp. 147-155, 2006.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:52013", author = "Aiyeloja A.A and Ogunjinmi A.A", title = "Poverty Alleviation Potential of Snail Farming in Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria", abstract = "The recurring decimal of rural and urban poverty in
Nigeria, resulting from lack of sustainable livelihood activities by
the people due to non-diversification of the economy, necessitated
this study. One hundred snail farmers were randomly selected in
Akure North and Akure South Local Government areas of Ondo
State, Southwest Nigeria where snail farming is widely practised.
Data collection was through questionnaires administration and onsite
observation of farms. Data obtained were subjected to
descriptive statistics, Student-s t-test and regression analysis. Cost
benefit ratio (CBR) and rate of return on investment (RORI) were
calculated in order to determine the poverty alleviation potentials of
snail farming in the study areas. Although snail farming was
profitable and viable, it was below poverty line. With time and more
knowledge in its farming activities, and with more people taking to
snail production, its poverty alleviation and reduction potentials will
increase.", keywords = "Alleviation, farming, Nigeria, potential, poverty,snail.", volume = "4", number = "12", pages = "889-5", }
