Physicochemical Analysis of Soxhlet Extracted Oils from Selected Northern Nigerian Seeds
The aim of the present study is to investigate the
potential use of the selected seed oils. The oil was extracted using
Soxhlet apparatus and the physicochemical characteristics of the oil
determined using standard methods. The following results were
obtained for the physicochemical parameters analysed: for Egusi seed
oil, Oil yield 53.20%, Saponification value 178.03±1.25 mgKOH/g,
Iodine value 49.10±0.32 g I2/100g, Acid value 4.30±0.86 mgKOH/g,
and Peroxide value 5.80±0.27 meq/kg were obtained. For Pawpaw
seed oil, Oil yield 40.10%, Saponification value 24.13±3.93
mgKOH/g, Iodine value 24.87±0.19 g I2/100g, Acid value 9.46±0.40
mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 3.12±1.22 meq/kg were obtained. For
Sweet orange seed oil, Oil yield 43.10%, Saponification value
106.30±2.37 mgKOH/g, Iodine value 37.08±0.04 g I2/100g, Acid
value 7.59±0.77 mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 2.21±0.46 meq/kg
were obtained. From the obtained values of the determined
parameters, the oils can be extracted from the three selected seeds in
commercial quantities and that the egusi and sweet orange seed oils
may be utilized in the industrial soap production.
[1] S.A. Odoemelam, “Proximate composition and selected
physicochemical properties of the seeds of African Oil Bean
(Pentaclethra marcrophylla)” Pak. J. Nutr., vol. 4, pp. 382-383, 2005.
[2] J.M. Nzikou, M. Mvoula-Tsiéri, N.P.G. Pambou-Tobi, C.B. Ndangui, A.
Kimbonguila, T. Silou, M. Linder, J. Scher, and S. Desobry, “Proximate
Composition and Seed Oil from Terminalia catappa L. and Their
Kinnetics of Degradation of the Oil during Heating”. Australian J. Basic
Appl. Sci.,vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 2039-2047, 2010.
[3] E.O. Aluyor, and M. Ori-Jesu, “The use of antioxidants in vegetable oils
– A review”, African J. Biotechnol., vol.7, no. 25, pp. 4836-4842, 2008.
[4] A.S.H. Ong, Y.M. Choo, and C.K. Ooi, (1995) “Developments in Oils
and Fats”, Blackie Academic and Professional, Glasgow, 1995, pp. 153-
191.
[5] A.A. Warra, L.G. Wawata, S.Y. Gunu, and F.A. Atiku, “Soap
preparation from Soxhlet extracted Nigerian cotton seed oil”, Pelagia
Res. Library, vol. 2, pp. 617-623, 2011.
[6] A.A. Warra, I.G. Wawata, S.Y. Gunu, and K.M. Aujaka, “Extraction and
physicochemical Analysis of some selected northern Nigeria, industrial
oils”, Archives Appl. Sci. Res, vol. 3, pp. 536-541, 2011.
[7] U.G. Akpan, A. Jimoh, and A.D. Mohammed, “Extraction,
Characterization and Modification of Castor Seed Oil”, Leonardo J.
Sci.,vol.8, pp. 43-52, 2006.
[8] AOAC, “Official Methods of analysis of the Association of Official
Analytical Chemists”, 16th ed. USA: Gaithersburg, 1998.
[9] O. Bassir, “Handbook of Practical Biochemistry”, Nigeria: University
Press, Ibadan, 1978..
[10] J. Tsaknis, “Characterization of Moringa peregrina Arabian seed oil”,
Grasas Y. Aceities, vol. 49, pp. 170–176, 1998.
[11] J.L.R. Pritchard, “Analysis and properties of oilseeds”, in Analysis of oil
seeds, fats and fatty foods, J.B. Rossell, and J.L.R. Pritchard, Eds. New
York: Elsevier Applied Science, 1991, pp. 80–98.
[12] M. Manzoor, F. Anwar, T. Izbal, and M.I. Bhanger, “Physico-Chemical
Characterization of Moringa concanensis, Seeds and Seed Oil”, J. Amer.
Oil Chem. Soc., vol. 81, pp. 413-419, 2007.
[13] U.G. Akpan, “Extraction and Physicochemical Analysis of some
selected Northern Nigerian Industrial oils” in Proc. 12th Annu. Conf. of
the Biotech. Society of Nigeria, 1999, pp. 63-66.
[14] T. Oshinowo, “Evaluation of some Nigerian oils as Potential Raw
materials for Polyvinyl Chloride Thermal Stabilizers”, J. Nigerian Soc.
of Chem. Engineers,vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 36-41, 1987.
[15] S.T. Mabrouk, “Making Useable, Quality Opaque or Transparent Soap”,
J. Chem. Educ.,vol. 82, no. 10, pp. 1534-1537, 2005.
[16] L.V. Cooks, and C. Van Rede, (1996) “Laboratory Handbook for oil and
fat Analysts”, London: Academic Press, 1996, pp. 30-37.
[17] A.A. Warra, R.A. Umar, F.A. Atiku, A. Nasiru, and M.K. Gafar,
“Physical andPhytochemical Characteristics of seed Oils from Selected
Cultivars Grown in Northern Nigeria”, Research and Reviews:Journal of
Agriculture and Allied Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 4-8, 2012.
[18] I.C. Eromosele, C.O. Eromosele, A.O. Akintoye, and T.O. Komolafe,
“Characterization of oils and chemical analyses of seeds of wild plants”,
Plant Foods for Human Nutr., vol. 46, pp. 361-365 1994.
[19] O.D. Epka, and U.J. Epke, “Comparison of the characteristic parameters
and determination properties of oils from tenera and dura varieties of the
oil palm”, Nigerian J. Chem. Resourc., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 26–33, 1996.
[1] S.A. Odoemelam, “Proximate composition and selected
physicochemical properties of the seeds of African Oil Bean
(Pentaclethra marcrophylla)” Pak. J. Nutr., vol. 4, pp. 382-383, 2005.
[2] J.M. Nzikou, M. Mvoula-Tsiéri, N.P.G. Pambou-Tobi, C.B. Ndangui, A.
Kimbonguila, T. Silou, M. Linder, J. Scher, and S. Desobry, “Proximate
Composition and Seed Oil from Terminalia catappa L. and Their
Kinnetics of Degradation of the Oil during Heating”. Australian J. Basic
Appl. Sci.,vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 2039-2047, 2010.
[3] E.O. Aluyor, and M. Ori-Jesu, “The use of antioxidants in vegetable oils
– A review”, African J. Biotechnol., vol.7, no. 25, pp. 4836-4842, 2008.
[4] A.S.H. Ong, Y.M. Choo, and C.K. Ooi, (1995) “Developments in Oils
and Fats”, Blackie Academic and Professional, Glasgow, 1995, pp. 153-
191.
[5] A.A. Warra, L.G. Wawata, S.Y. Gunu, and F.A. Atiku, “Soap
preparation from Soxhlet extracted Nigerian cotton seed oil”, Pelagia
Res. Library, vol. 2, pp. 617-623, 2011.
[6] A.A. Warra, I.G. Wawata, S.Y. Gunu, and K.M. Aujaka, “Extraction and
physicochemical Analysis of some selected northern Nigeria, industrial
oils”, Archives Appl. Sci. Res, vol. 3, pp. 536-541, 2011.
[7] U.G. Akpan, A. Jimoh, and A.D. Mohammed, “Extraction,
Characterization and Modification of Castor Seed Oil”, Leonardo J.
Sci.,vol.8, pp. 43-52, 2006.
[8] AOAC, “Official Methods of analysis of the Association of Official
Analytical Chemists”, 16th ed. USA: Gaithersburg, 1998.
[9] O. Bassir, “Handbook of Practical Biochemistry”, Nigeria: University
Press, Ibadan, 1978..
[10] J. Tsaknis, “Characterization of Moringa peregrina Arabian seed oil”,
Grasas Y. Aceities, vol. 49, pp. 170–176, 1998.
[11] J.L.R. Pritchard, “Analysis and properties of oilseeds”, in Analysis of oil
seeds, fats and fatty foods, J.B. Rossell, and J.L.R. Pritchard, Eds. New
York: Elsevier Applied Science, 1991, pp. 80–98.
[12] M. Manzoor, F. Anwar, T. Izbal, and M.I. Bhanger, “Physico-Chemical
Characterization of Moringa concanensis, Seeds and Seed Oil”, J. Amer.
Oil Chem. Soc., vol. 81, pp. 413-419, 2007.
[13] U.G. Akpan, “Extraction and Physicochemical Analysis of some
selected Northern Nigerian Industrial oils” in Proc. 12th Annu. Conf. of
the Biotech. Society of Nigeria, 1999, pp. 63-66.
[14] T. Oshinowo, “Evaluation of some Nigerian oils as Potential Raw
materials for Polyvinyl Chloride Thermal Stabilizers”, J. Nigerian Soc.
of Chem. Engineers,vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 36-41, 1987.
[15] S.T. Mabrouk, “Making Useable, Quality Opaque or Transparent Soap”,
J. Chem. Educ.,vol. 82, no. 10, pp. 1534-1537, 2005.
[16] L.V. Cooks, and C. Van Rede, (1996) “Laboratory Handbook for oil and
fat Analysts”, London: Academic Press, 1996, pp. 30-37.
[17] A.A. Warra, R.A. Umar, F.A. Atiku, A. Nasiru, and M.K. Gafar,
“Physical andPhytochemical Characteristics of seed Oils from Selected
Cultivars Grown in Northern Nigeria”, Research and Reviews:Journal of
Agriculture and Allied Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 4-8, 2012.
[18] I.C. Eromosele, C.O. Eromosele, A.O. Akintoye, and T.O. Komolafe,
“Characterization of oils and chemical analyses of seeds of wild plants”,
Plant Foods for Human Nutr., vol. 46, pp. 361-365 1994.
[19] O.D. Epka, and U.J. Epke, “Comparison of the characteristic parameters
and determination properties of oils from tenera and dura varieties of the
oil palm”, Nigerian J. Chem. Resourc., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 26–33, 1996.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:68182", author = "Abdulhamid Abubakar and Sani Ibrahim and Fakai I. Musa", title = "Physicochemical Analysis of Soxhlet Extracted Oils from Selected Northern Nigerian Seeds", abstract = "The aim of the present study is to investigate the
potential use of the selected seed oils. The oil was extracted using
Soxhlet apparatus and the physicochemical characteristics of the oil
determined using standard methods. The following results were
obtained for the physicochemical parameters analysed: for Egusi seed
oil, Oil yield 53.20%, Saponification value 178.03±1.25 mgKOH/g,
Iodine value 49.10±0.32 g I2/100g, Acid value 4.30±0.86 mgKOH/g,
and Peroxide value 5.80±0.27 meq/kg were obtained. For Pawpaw
seed oil, Oil yield 40.10%, Saponification value 24.13±3.93
mgKOH/g, Iodine value 24.87±0.19 g I2/100g, Acid value 9.46±0.40
mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 3.12±1.22 meq/kg were obtained. For
Sweet orange seed oil, Oil yield 43.10%, Saponification value
106.30±2.37 mgKOH/g, Iodine value 37.08±0.04 g I2/100g, Acid
value 7.59±0.77 mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 2.21±0.46 meq/kg
were obtained. From the obtained values of the determined
parameters, the oils can be extracted from the three selected seeds in
commercial quantities and that the egusi and sweet orange seed oils
may be utilized in the industrial soap production.
", keywords = "Carica papaya, Citrus sinensis, iodine value,
peroxide value, physicochemical.", volume = "8", number = "11", pages = "1174-4", }
