Physical Exercise Intervention on Hypertension Patients
Chronic diseases prevailed along with economic
growth as well as life style changed in recent years in Taiwan.
According to the governmental statistics, hypertension related disease
is the tenth of death causes with 1,816 died directly from hypertension
in 2010. There were more death causes amongst the top ten had been
proofed that having strong association with the hypertension, such as
heart diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Hypertension or
High blood pressure is one of the major indicators for chronic diseases,
and was generally perceived as the major causes of mortality. The
literature generally suggested that regular physical exercise was
helpful to prevent the occurrence or to ease the progress of a
hypertension. This paper reported the process and outcomes in
detailed of an improvement project of physical exercise intervention
specific for hypertension patients. Physical information were
measured before and after the project to obtain information such as
weight, waistline, cholesterol (HD & LD), blood examination, as well
as self-perceived health status. The intervention project involved a
six-week exercise program, of which contained three times a week, 30
minutes of tutored physical exercise intervention. The project had
achieved several gains in changing the subjects- behavior in terms of
many important biophysical indexes. Around 20% of the participants
had significantly improved their cholesterols, BMI, and changed
unhealthy behaviors. Results from the project were encouraging, and
would be good reference for other samples.
[1] Department of Health (2010), Leading cause of death in Taiwan
Department of Health Information Network,
http://www.doh.gov.tw/lane/statist/89/DTAIM89.x1s.htm
[2] Department of Health (2010). Elderly chronic disease prevention in the
Department of Health Information Network .http://www.doh.gov.tw/
org2/bl/plan/hp3yr_0.7htm
[3] World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension
Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension, Guidelines
Subcommittee. Journal of internal medicine, vol.17, no. 2, pp.
151-183.1999.
[4] Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of
High Blood Pressure. The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee
on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood
Pressure (JNC VI). Archives Internal Medicine, 157, pp. 2413-2446.1997
[5] Mensah G., A. Barkey, N., L. & Cooper, R., S. Spectrum of hypertensive
target organ damage in Africa: a review of published studies. Journal of
human hypertension, vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 799-808. 1994
[6] Patel, V., Rassam, S., Newson, R., Wiek, J. & Kohner, E, Retinal blood
flow in diabetic retinopathy. British Medical Journal, vol., 305, pp.
678-683.1994.
[7] Brashers, V.L., Haak, S.W., & Richardson, S.J. Alterations of
cardiovascular function. In K. L. McCance & S. E. Huether (Eds.),
Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children,
vol., 3, pp. 1028-1036, 1998.
[8] Hu, H., H. (1992). Cerebrovascular disease, Clinical Neurology, 71-81.
[9] Strandgaard, S. & Paulson, O. B. Cerebrovascular consequences of
hypertension, vol., 344, pp.519 -521, 1994.
[10] De Leeuw, P.W., Gaillard, C.A., & Birkenhager, W.H. The kidney in
hypertension. In Swales, J.D. (Eds.), Textbook of hypertension, pp.
698-711, 1994.
[11] Chiu, H. C., Chern, J. Y., Chen, S. H., Chang, J. K., & Shi, H. Y, Physical
Functioning and Health-Related Quality of Life: Before and after Total
Hip Replacement. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, vol., 16,
no. 6, pp. 285-292, 2000.
[12] Chen, P., Kao, C. C., Tsai. J. C., Wang, C. Y., & Yang, S. Y. Effects of a
Home-Based Walking Program on Risk Factors and Mood Status of
Middle Age Women with High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease, Journal
of Evidence-Based Nursing, vol., 1, no. 3, pp. 185-194, 2005.
[13] Fu, U., Lin, E. C., & Hong, X. L. (2003). Exercise and Health Related
Physical Fitness, Journal of Chung Chou, vol., 17, pp. 449-456, 2003.
[14] Hardman, A. E., & Hudson, A, Brisk walking and serum lipid and
lipoprotein variables in previously sedentary women--effect of 12 weeks
of regular brisk walking followed by 12 weeks of detraining. British
journal of sports medicine, vol., 28, no. 4, pp. 261-266, 1994.
[15] Shern-Brewer, R., Santanam N., Wetzstein, C., White-Welkley, J., and
Parthasarathy, S, Exercise and cardiovascular disease: a new perspective.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol., 18 , pp. 1181-1187, 1998.
[16] Hooke, A. P.´╝å Zoller, M. B. Active older adults in the YMCA: A
resource Manual. YMCA of the USA, 1992
[17] Durstine, J., L. & W., L. Haskell. "Effects of exercise training on plasma
lipids and lipoproteins". Exercise and Sports Science Reviews, vol., 22,
no. 1, pp. 477-522, 1994.
[18] Lin, Y. M. The Exercise Habits of Ordinary People in Taiwan-A
Preliminary Report, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Association, vol.,
23, no. 2, pp. 135-140, 1995.
[19] Duncan, G. E., Perri, M. G., Therique, D. W., Hutson, A. D., Eckel, R. H.,
& Stacpoole, P. W., Exercise training, without weight loss, increases
insulin sensitivity and postheparin plasma lipase activity in previously
sedentary adults. Diabetes Care, vol., 26 no. 3, pp. 557-562, 2003.
[20] Hagberg JM, Brown MD, Does exercise training play a role in the
treatment of essential hypertension? Journal of Cardiovasc Ris, vol., 2,
no. 4, pp. 296-302, 1995.
[21] Hagberg JM, Moore GE, Ferrell RE, Specific genetic markers of
endurance performance and VO2max. Exercise and Sport Science
Reviews vol., 29, no. 1, pp. 15-19, 2001.
[22] American College of Sports Medicine, ACSM-s guidelines or exercise
testing and prescription. (6th ed.). USA: Wolters Kluwer.
[23] Anonymous (1993) American College of sports Medicine Position Stand.
Physical activity, physical fitness, and hypertension. Medicine &Science
in Sports & Exercise, vol., 25, no. 10, pp. 1-5, 2000.
[1] Department of Health (2010), Leading cause of death in Taiwan
Department of Health Information Network,
http://www.doh.gov.tw/lane/statist/89/DTAIM89.x1s.htm
[2] Department of Health (2010). Elderly chronic disease prevention in the
Department of Health Information Network .http://www.doh.gov.tw/
org2/bl/plan/hp3yr_0.7htm
[3] World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension
Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension, Guidelines
Subcommittee. Journal of internal medicine, vol.17, no. 2, pp.
151-183.1999.
[4] Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of
High Blood Pressure. The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee
on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood
Pressure (JNC VI). Archives Internal Medicine, 157, pp. 2413-2446.1997
[5] Mensah G., A. Barkey, N., L. & Cooper, R., S. Spectrum of hypertensive
target organ damage in Africa: a review of published studies. Journal of
human hypertension, vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 799-808. 1994
[6] Patel, V., Rassam, S., Newson, R., Wiek, J. & Kohner, E, Retinal blood
flow in diabetic retinopathy. British Medical Journal, vol., 305, pp.
678-683.1994.
[7] Brashers, V.L., Haak, S.W., & Richardson, S.J. Alterations of
cardiovascular function. In K. L. McCance & S. E. Huether (Eds.),
Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children,
vol., 3, pp. 1028-1036, 1998.
[8] Hu, H., H. (1992). Cerebrovascular disease, Clinical Neurology, 71-81.
[9] Strandgaard, S. & Paulson, O. B. Cerebrovascular consequences of
hypertension, vol., 344, pp.519 -521, 1994.
[10] De Leeuw, P.W., Gaillard, C.A., & Birkenhager, W.H. The kidney in
hypertension. In Swales, J.D. (Eds.), Textbook of hypertension, pp.
698-711, 1994.
[11] Chiu, H. C., Chern, J. Y., Chen, S. H., Chang, J. K., & Shi, H. Y, Physical
Functioning and Health-Related Quality of Life: Before and after Total
Hip Replacement. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, vol., 16,
no. 6, pp. 285-292, 2000.
[12] Chen, P., Kao, C. C., Tsai. J. C., Wang, C. Y., & Yang, S. Y. Effects of a
Home-Based Walking Program on Risk Factors and Mood Status of
Middle Age Women with High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease, Journal
of Evidence-Based Nursing, vol., 1, no. 3, pp. 185-194, 2005.
[13] Fu, U., Lin, E. C., & Hong, X. L. (2003). Exercise and Health Related
Physical Fitness, Journal of Chung Chou, vol., 17, pp. 449-456, 2003.
[14] Hardman, A. E., & Hudson, A, Brisk walking and serum lipid and
lipoprotein variables in previously sedentary women--effect of 12 weeks
of regular brisk walking followed by 12 weeks of detraining. British
journal of sports medicine, vol., 28, no. 4, pp. 261-266, 1994.
[15] Shern-Brewer, R., Santanam N., Wetzstein, C., White-Welkley, J., and
Parthasarathy, S, Exercise and cardiovascular disease: a new perspective.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol., 18 , pp. 1181-1187, 1998.
[16] Hooke, A. P.´╝å Zoller, M. B. Active older adults in the YMCA: A
resource Manual. YMCA of the USA, 1992
[17] Durstine, J., L. & W., L. Haskell. "Effects of exercise training on plasma
lipids and lipoproteins". Exercise and Sports Science Reviews, vol., 22,
no. 1, pp. 477-522, 1994.
[18] Lin, Y. M. The Exercise Habits of Ordinary People in Taiwan-A
Preliminary Report, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Association, vol.,
23, no. 2, pp. 135-140, 1995.
[19] Duncan, G. E., Perri, M. G., Therique, D. W., Hutson, A. D., Eckel, R. H.,
& Stacpoole, P. W., Exercise training, without weight loss, increases
insulin sensitivity and postheparin plasma lipase activity in previously
sedentary adults. Diabetes Care, vol., 26 no. 3, pp. 557-562, 2003.
[20] Hagberg JM, Brown MD, Does exercise training play a role in the
treatment of essential hypertension? Journal of Cardiovasc Ris, vol., 2,
no. 4, pp. 296-302, 1995.
[21] Hagberg JM, Moore GE, Ferrell RE, Specific genetic markers of
endurance performance and VO2max. Exercise and Sport Science
Reviews vol., 29, no. 1, pp. 15-19, 2001.
[22] American College of Sports Medicine, ACSM-s guidelines or exercise
testing and prescription. (6th ed.). USA: Wolters Kluwer.
[23] Anonymous (1993) American College of sports Medicine Position Stand.
Physical activity, physical fitness, and hypertension. Medicine &Science
in Sports & Exercise, vol., 25, no. 10, pp. 1-5, 2000.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:51654", author = "Ling-Lih Shen and Feng-Chuan Pan", title = "Physical Exercise Intervention on Hypertension Patients", abstract = "Chronic diseases prevailed along with economic
growth as well as life style changed in recent years in Taiwan.
According to the governmental statistics, hypertension related disease
is the tenth of death causes with 1,816 died directly from hypertension
in 2010. There were more death causes amongst the top ten had been
proofed that having strong association with the hypertension, such as
heart diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Hypertension or
High blood pressure is one of the major indicators for chronic diseases,
and was generally perceived as the major causes of mortality. The
literature generally suggested that regular physical exercise was
helpful to prevent the occurrence or to ease the progress of a
hypertension. This paper reported the process and outcomes in
detailed of an improvement project of physical exercise intervention
specific for hypertension patients. Physical information were
measured before and after the project to obtain information such as
weight, waistline, cholesterol (HD & LD), blood examination, as well
as self-perceived health status. The intervention project involved a
six-week exercise program, of which contained three times a week, 30
minutes of tutored physical exercise intervention. The project had
achieved several gains in changing the subjects- behavior in terms of
many important biophysical indexes. Around 20% of the participants
had significantly improved their cholesterols, BMI, and changed
unhealthy behaviors. Results from the project were encouraging, and
would be good reference for other samples.", keywords = "Intervention, biological information, hypertension
patients, behavioral changes, chronic disease", volume = "5", number = "10", pages = "485-4", }
