The human knee joint has a three dimensional
geometry with multiple body articulations that produce complex
mechanical responses under loads that occur in everyday life and
sports activities. To produce the necessary joint compliance and
stability for optimal daily function various menisci and ligaments are
present while muscle forces are used to this effect. Therefore,
knowledge of the complex mechanical interactions of these load
bearing structures is necessary when treatment of relevant diseases is
evaluated and assisting devices are designed.
Numerical tools such as finite element analysis are suitable for
modeling such joints in order to understand their physics. They have
been used in the current study to develop an accurate human knee
joint and model its mechanical behavior. To evaluate the efficacy of
this articulated model, static load cases were used for comparison
purposes with previous experimentally verified modeling works
drawn from literature.
[1] K.E. Moglo, A. Shirazi-Adl, "Biomechanics of passive knee joint in
drawer: load transmission in intact and ACL-deficient joints", Κnee,
vol. 10, pp. 265-276, 2003
[2] J.H. Lo, O. Muller, M. Wunschel, S. Bauer, N. Wulker, ÔÇ×Forces in
anterior cruciate ligament during simulated weight-bearing flexion with
anterior and internal rotational tibial load", J. Biomech, vol. 41, pp.
1855-1861, 2008
[3] R.S. Jones, N.S. Nawana Pearcy, D.J.A. Learmonth, D.R. J.J.
Bickerstaff, Costi, R. S. Paterson, "Μechanical properties' of the human
anterior cruciate ligament", Clin. Biomech, vol. 10, pp. 339-344, 1995
[4] S. L-Y. Woo, A.J. Almarza, R. Liang, M. B. Fisher, "Functional Tissue
Engineering of Ligament and Tendon Injuries", Translational
Approaches In Tissue Engnineering And Regenerative Medicine, Book
Chapter no 9, Artech House Publisher, ISBN-10: 1596931116, ISBN-
13: 978-1596931114, Nov. 30, 2007
[5] M. Viceconti, S. Olsen, K. Burton, "Extracting clinically relevant data
from finite element simulations", Clin.Biomech, vol. 20, pp. 451-454,
2005
[6] A. Huson, C.W. Spoor, A.J. Verbout, "A model of the human knee
derived from kinematic principles and its relevance for endoprosthesis
design", Acta Morphol. Neerl. - Scand, vol. 24, pp. 45-62, 1989
[7] M. Z. Bendjaballah, A. Shirazi-AdI, D. J. Zukor, "Biomechanics of the
human knee joint in compression: reconstruction, mesh generation and
finite element analysis", Knee, vol. 2, pp. 69-79, 1995
[8] F. Bonnel, J-P Micaleff, "Biomechanics of the ligaments of the human
knee and of artificial ligaments", Surg. Radiol. Anat., vol. 10, pp. 221-
227, 1988
[9] R.R. Bini, F. Diefenthaeler, C.B. Mota, "Fatigue effects on the
coordinative pattern during cycling: Kinetics and kinematics
evaluation", J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol, vol. 20, pp. 102-107, 2010
[10] A.E. Yousif, S.R.F. Al-Ruznamachi, "A Statical Model of the Human
Knee Joint", 25th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference 2009,
IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 24, pp. 227-232, 2009
[11] Y. Song, R.E. Debski, V. Musahl, M. Thomas, S. L.-Y. Woo, "A threedimensional
finite element model of the human anterior cruciate
ligament: a computational analysis with experimental validation", J.
Biomech, vol. 37, pp. 383-390, 2004
[12] M. Veselkoa, I. Godler, "Biomechanical study of a computer simulated
reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)", Comput. Biol.
Med., vol. 30, pp. 299-309, 2000
[13] A.A. Amis, T.D. Zavras, "lsometricity and graft placement during
anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction", Knee, vol. 2, pp. 5-17, 1995
[14] M. Petousis, A. Vairis, S. Yfanti, B. Kandyla, Chr. Chrysoulakis,
"Study of a 3D knee model", 7th International Conference on New
Horizons in Industry, Business and Education, 25-26 August 2011,
Chios island, Greece
[15] E. Pena, B. Calvo, M.A. Mart─▒nez, M. Doblare, "A three-dimensional
finite element analysis of the combined behaviour of ligaments and
menisci in the healthy human knee joint", Journal of Biomechanics,
vol. 39, pp. 1686-1701, 2006
[1] K.E. Moglo, A. Shirazi-Adl, "Biomechanics of passive knee joint in
drawer: load transmission in intact and ACL-deficient joints", Κnee,
vol. 10, pp. 265-276, 2003
[2] J.H. Lo, O. Muller, M. Wunschel, S. Bauer, N. Wulker, ÔÇ×Forces in
anterior cruciate ligament during simulated weight-bearing flexion with
anterior and internal rotational tibial load", J. Biomech, vol. 41, pp.
1855-1861, 2008
[3] R.S. Jones, N.S. Nawana Pearcy, D.J.A. Learmonth, D.R. J.J.
Bickerstaff, Costi, R. S. Paterson, "Μechanical properties' of the human
anterior cruciate ligament", Clin. Biomech, vol. 10, pp. 339-344, 1995
[4] S. L-Y. Woo, A.J. Almarza, R. Liang, M. B. Fisher, "Functional Tissue
Engineering of Ligament and Tendon Injuries", Translational
Approaches In Tissue Engnineering And Regenerative Medicine, Book
Chapter no 9, Artech House Publisher, ISBN-10: 1596931116, ISBN-
13: 978-1596931114, Nov. 30, 2007
[5] M. Viceconti, S. Olsen, K. Burton, "Extracting clinically relevant data
from finite element simulations", Clin.Biomech, vol. 20, pp. 451-454,
2005
[6] A. Huson, C.W. Spoor, A.J. Verbout, "A model of the human knee
derived from kinematic principles and its relevance for endoprosthesis
design", Acta Morphol. Neerl. - Scand, vol. 24, pp. 45-62, 1989
[7] M. Z. Bendjaballah, A. Shirazi-AdI, D. J. Zukor, "Biomechanics of the
human knee joint in compression: reconstruction, mesh generation and
finite element analysis", Knee, vol. 2, pp. 69-79, 1995
[8] F. Bonnel, J-P Micaleff, "Biomechanics of the ligaments of the human
knee and of artificial ligaments", Surg. Radiol. Anat., vol. 10, pp. 221-
227, 1988
[9] R.R. Bini, F. Diefenthaeler, C.B. Mota, "Fatigue effects on the
coordinative pattern during cycling: Kinetics and kinematics
evaluation", J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol, vol. 20, pp. 102-107, 2010
[10] A.E. Yousif, S.R.F. Al-Ruznamachi, "A Statical Model of the Human
Knee Joint", 25th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference 2009,
IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 24, pp. 227-232, 2009
[11] Y. Song, R.E. Debski, V. Musahl, M. Thomas, S. L.-Y. Woo, "A threedimensional
finite element model of the human anterior cruciate
ligament: a computational analysis with experimental validation", J.
Biomech, vol. 37, pp. 383-390, 2004
[12] M. Veselkoa, I. Godler, "Biomechanical study of a computer simulated
reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)", Comput. Biol.
Med., vol. 30, pp. 299-309, 2000
[13] A.A. Amis, T.D. Zavras, "lsometricity and graft placement during
anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction", Knee, vol. 2, pp. 5-17, 1995
[14] M. Petousis, A. Vairis, S. Yfanti, B. Kandyla, Chr. Chrysoulakis,
"Study of a 3D knee model", 7th International Conference on New
Horizons in Industry, Business and Education, 25-26 August 2011,
Chios island, Greece
[15] E. Pena, B. Calvo, M.A. Mart─▒nez, M. Doblare, "A three-dimensional
finite element analysis of the combined behaviour of ligaments and
menisci in the healthy human knee joint", Journal of Biomechanics,
vol. 39, pp. 1686-1701, 2006
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:62603", author = "A. Vairis and M. Petousis and B. Kandyla and C. Chrisoulakis", title = "Intact and ACL-Deficient Knee MODEL Evaluation", abstract = "The human knee joint has a three dimensional
geometry with multiple body articulations that produce complex
mechanical responses under loads that occur in everyday life and
sports activities. To produce the necessary joint compliance and
stability for optimal daily function various menisci and ligaments are
present while muscle forces are used to this effect. Therefore,
knowledge of the complex mechanical interactions of these load
bearing structures is necessary when treatment of relevant diseases is
evaluated and assisting devices are designed.
Numerical tools such as finite element analysis are suitable for
modeling such joints in order to understand their physics. They have
been used in the current study to develop an accurate human knee
joint and model its mechanical behavior. To evaluate the efficacy of
this articulated model, static load cases were used for comparison
purposes with previous experimentally verified modeling works
drawn from literature.", keywords = "biomechanics, finite element modeling, knee joint", volume = "6", number = "6", pages = "269-5", }