Participation in sporting activities can lead to injury.
Sport injuries have been widely studied in many sports including the
more extreme categories of aquatic board sports. Kitesurfing is a
relatively new water surface action sport, and has not yet been
widely studied in terms of injuries and stress on the body. The aim of
this study was to get information about which injuries that are most
common among kitesurfing participants, where they occur, and their
causes. Injuries were studied using an international open web
questionnaire (n=206).
The results showed that many respondents reported injuries, in
total 251 injuries to knee (24%), ankle (17%), trunk (16%) and
shoulders (10%), often sustained while doing jumps and tricks
(40%). Among the reported injuries were joint injuries (n=101),
muscle/tendon damages (n=47), wounds and cuts (n=36) and bone
fractures (n=28). Also environmental factors and equipment can
influence the risk of injury, or the extent of injury in a hazardous
situation. Conclusively, the information from this retrospective study
supports earlier studies in terms of prevalence and site of injuries.
Suggestively, this information should be used for to build a
foundation of knowledge about the sport for development of
applications for physical training and product development.
[1] Patel, D.R., and R.J. Baker," Musculoskeletal Injuries in Sports", Primary
Care: Clinics in Office Practice Vol. 33, No. 2, 2006, pp. 545-579.
[2] Hincapié, C.A., E.J. Morton, and J.D. Cassidy," Musculoskeletal Injuries
and Pain in Dancers: A Systematic Review", Archives of Physical
Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 89, No. 9, 2008, pp. 1819-1829.e1816.
[3] Hogan, K.A., and R.H. Gross," Overuse injuries in pediatric athletes",
Orthopedic Clinics of North America Vol. 34, No. 3, 2003, pp. 405-415.
[4] Bryja, J., "Kiteboarding statistics: Worldwide participation and sales
statistics", SBC Kiteboard, online: SBC Kiteboard Magazine, 2008.
[5] Scheibe, E., E. Lignitz, P. Hinz, and R. Scheibe," Kitesurfen",
Rechtsmedizin Vol. 19, No. 3, 2009, pp. 145-151.
[6] Nickel, C., O. Zernial, V. Musahl, U. Hansen, T. Zantop, and W.
Petersen," A Prospective Study of Kitesurfing Injuries", The American
Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 32, No. 4, 2004, pp. 921-927.
[7] Ziegler, M., U. Lockemann, and K. P├╝schel," Tödlicher Unfall beim
Kitesurfingunterricht", Rechtsmedizin Vol. 19, No. 3, 2009, pp. 162-164.
[8] Exadaktylos, A.K., G.M. Sclabas, I. Blake, K. Swemmer, G. McCormick,
and P. Erasmus," The kick with the kite: an analysis of kite surfing related
off shore rescue missions in Cape Town, South Africa", Br J Sports Med
Vol. 39, No. 5, 2005, pp. e26; discussion e26.
[9] Petersen, W., Nickel, C., Zantop, T., Zernial, O.," Verletzungen beim
Kitesurfen", Der Orthopäde Vol. 34, No. 5, 2005, pp. 419-425.
[10] Spanjersberg, W.R., and I.B. Schipper," Kitesurfing: when fun turns to
trauma-the dangers of a new extreme sport", The Journal of Trauma Vol.
63, No. 3, 2007, pp. E76-80.
[11] Vercruyssen, F., N. Blin, D. L'Huillier, and J. Brisswalter," Assessment of
physiological demand in kitesurfing", European Journal of Applied
Physiology Vol. 105, No. 1, 2009, pp. 103-109.
[12] Couper, M.P.," Web surveys - A review of issues and approaches", Public
Opinion Quarterly Vol. 64, No. 4, 2000, pp. 464-494.
[13] Couper, M.P., M.W. Traugott, and M.J. Lamias," Web survey design and
administration", Public Opinion Quarterly Vol. 65, No. 2, 2001, pp. 230-
253.
[14] Simotas, A.C., and T. Shen," Neck pain in demolition derby drivers",
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 86, No. 4, 2005,
pp. 693-696.
[15] Gennarelli, T.A., and E. Wodzin," AIS 2005: a contemporary injury
scale", Injury Vol. 37, No. 12, 2006, pp. 1083-1091.
[16] Lundgren, L., S. Brorsson, M. Hilliges, and A.-L. Osvalder," Sport
performance and perceived musculoskeletal stress, pain and discomfort in
kitesurfing", International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport Vol.
11, 2011, pp. 142-158.
[17] Kirkpatrick, D.P., R.E. Hunter, P.C. Janes, J. Mastrangelo, and R.A.
Nicholas," The snowboarder's foot and ankle", The American Journal of
Sports Medicine Vol. 26, No. 2, 1998, pp. 271-277.
[18] Carson, W.G.," Wakeboarding Injuries", The American Journal of Sports
Medicine Vol. 32, No. 1, 2004, pp. 164-173.
[19] Torjussen, J., and R. Bahr," Injuries among competitive snowboarders at
the national elite level", Am J Sports Med Vol. 33, No. 3, 2005, pp. 370-
377.
[20] Torjussen, J., and R. Bahr," Injuries among elite snowboarders (FIS
Snowboard World Cup)", Br J Sports Med Vol. 40, No. 3, 2006, pp. 230-
234.
[21] Hagins, M., E. Pappas, I. Kremenic, K.F. Orishimo, and A. Rundle," The
effect of an inclined landing surface on biomechanical variables during a
jumping task", Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) Vol. 22, No. 9, 2007, pp.
1030-1036.
[22] AKSA, "Australian Kite Surfing Association: National Safety Survey
2004/5", 2005.
[23] Petersen, W., U. Hansen, O. Zernial, C. Nickel, and M. Prymka,"
[Mechanisms and prevention of kitesurfing injuries]", Sportverletz
Sportschaden Vol. 16, No. 3, 2002, pp. 115-121.
[24] Fleming, C.M., and M. Bowden," Web-based surveys as an alternative to
traditional mail methods", Journal of Environmental Management Vol.
90, No. 1, 2009, pp. 284-292.
[25] Marta-Pedroso, C., H. Freitas, and T. Domingos," Testing for the survey
mode effect on contingent valuation data quality: A case study of web
based versus in-person interviews", Ecological Economics Vol. 62, No. 3-
4, 2007, pp. 388-398.
[26] Berrens, R.P., A.K. Bohara, H. Jenkins-Smith, C. Silva, and D.L.
Weimer," The advent of Internet surveys for political research: A
comparison of telephone and Internet samples", Political Analysis Vol.
11, No. 1, 2003, pp. 1-22.
[27] Jones, S., F. Murphy, M. Edwards, and J. James," Doing things
differently: advantages and disadvantages of Web questionnaires", Nurse
Res Vol. 15, No. 4, 2008, pp. 15-26.
[1] Patel, D.R., and R.J. Baker," Musculoskeletal Injuries in Sports", Primary
Care: Clinics in Office Practice Vol. 33, No. 2, 2006, pp. 545-579.
[2] Hincapié, C.A., E.J. Morton, and J.D. Cassidy," Musculoskeletal Injuries
and Pain in Dancers: A Systematic Review", Archives of Physical
Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 89, No. 9, 2008, pp. 1819-1829.e1816.
[3] Hogan, K.A., and R.H. Gross," Overuse injuries in pediatric athletes",
Orthopedic Clinics of North America Vol. 34, No. 3, 2003, pp. 405-415.
[4] Bryja, J., "Kiteboarding statistics: Worldwide participation and sales
statistics", SBC Kiteboard, online: SBC Kiteboard Magazine, 2008.
[5] Scheibe, E., E. Lignitz, P. Hinz, and R. Scheibe," Kitesurfen",
Rechtsmedizin Vol. 19, No. 3, 2009, pp. 145-151.
[6] Nickel, C., O. Zernial, V. Musahl, U. Hansen, T. Zantop, and W.
Petersen," A Prospective Study of Kitesurfing Injuries", The American
Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 32, No. 4, 2004, pp. 921-927.
[7] Ziegler, M., U. Lockemann, and K. P├╝schel," Tödlicher Unfall beim
Kitesurfingunterricht", Rechtsmedizin Vol. 19, No. 3, 2009, pp. 162-164.
[8] Exadaktylos, A.K., G.M. Sclabas, I. Blake, K. Swemmer, G. McCormick,
and P. Erasmus," The kick with the kite: an analysis of kite surfing related
off shore rescue missions in Cape Town, South Africa", Br J Sports Med
Vol. 39, No. 5, 2005, pp. e26; discussion e26.
[9] Petersen, W., Nickel, C., Zantop, T., Zernial, O.," Verletzungen beim
Kitesurfen", Der Orthopäde Vol. 34, No. 5, 2005, pp. 419-425.
[10] Spanjersberg, W.R., and I.B. Schipper," Kitesurfing: when fun turns to
trauma-the dangers of a new extreme sport", The Journal of Trauma Vol.
63, No. 3, 2007, pp. E76-80.
[11] Vercruyssen, F., N. Blin, D. L'Huillier, and J. Brisswalter," Assessment of
physiological demand in kitesurfing", European Journal of Applied
Physiology Vol. 105, No. 1, 2009, pp. 103-109.
[12] Couper, M.P.," Web surveys - A review of issues and approaches", Public
Opinion Quarterly Vol. 64, No. 4, 2000, pp. 464-494.
[13] Couper, M.P., M.W. Traugott, and M.J. Lamias," Web survey design and
administration", Public Opinion Quarterly Vol. 65, No. 2, 2001, pp. 230-
253.
[14] Simotas, A.C., and T. Shen," Neck pain in demolition derby drivers",
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 86, No. 4, 2005,
pp. 693-696.
[15] Gennarelli, T.A., and E. Wodzin," AIS 2005: a contemporary injury
scale", Injury Vol. 37, No. 12, 2006, pp. 1083-1091.
[16] Lundgren, L., S. Brorsson, M. Hilliges, and A.-L. Osvalder," Sport
performance and perceived musculoskeletal stress, pain and discomfort in
kitesurfing", International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport Vol.
11, 2011, pp. 142-158.
[17] Kirkpatrick, D.P., R.E. Hunter, P.C. Janes, J. Mastrangelo, and R.A.
Nicholas," The snowboarder's foot and ankle", The American Journal of
Sports Medicine Vol. 26, No. 2, 1998, pp. 271-277.
[18] Carson, W.G.," Wakeboarding Injuries", The American Journal of Sports
Medicine Vol. 32, No. 1, 2004, pp. 164-173.
[19] Torjussen, J., and R. Bahr," Injuries among competitive snowboarders at
the national elite level", Am J Sports Med Vol. 33, No. 3, 2005, pp. 370-
377.
[20] Torjussen, J., and R. Bahr," Injuries among elite snowboarders (FIS
Snowboard World Cup)", Br J Sports Med Vol. 40, No. 3, 2006, pp. 230-
234.
[21] Hagins, M., E. Pappas, I. Kremenic, K.F. Orishimo, and A. Rundle," The
effect of an inclined landing surface on biomechanical variables during a
jumping task", Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) Vol. 22, No. 9, 2007, pp.
1030-1036.
[22] AKSA, "Australian Kite Surfing Association: National Safety Survey
2004/5", 2005.
[23] Petersen, W., U. Hansen, O. Zernial, C. Nickel, and M. Prymka,"
[Mechanisms and prevention of kitesurfing injuries]", Sportverletz
Sportschaden Vol. 16, No. 3, 2002, pp. 115-121.
[24] Fleming, C.M., and M. Bowden," Web-based surveys as an alternative to
traditional mail methods", Journal of Environmental Management Vol.
90, No. 1, 2009, pp. 284-292.
[25] Marta-Pedroso, C., H. Freitas, and T. Domingos," Testing for the survey
mode effect on contingent valuation data quality: A case study of web
based versus in-person interviews", Ecological Economics Vol. 62, No. 3-
4, 2007, pp. 388-398.
[26] Berrens, R.P., A.K. Bohara, H. Jenkins-Smith, C. Silva, and D.L.
Weimer," The advent of Internet surveys for political research: A
comparison of telephone and Internet samples", Political Analysis Vol.
11, No. 1, 2003, pp. 1-22.
[27] Jones, S., F. Murphy, M. Edwards, and J. James," Doing things
differently: advantages and disadvantages of Web questionnaires", Nurse
Res Vol. 15, No. 4, 2008, pp. 15-26.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:56097", author = "L. Lundgren and S. Brorsson and A-L Osvalder", title = "Injuries Related to Kitesurfing", abstract = "Participation in sporting activities can lead to injury.
Sport injuries have been widely studied in many sports including the
more extreme categories of aquatic board sports. Kitesurfing is a
relatively new water surface action sport, and has not yet been
widely studied in terms of injuries and stress on the body. The aim of
this study was to get information about which injuries that are most
common among kitesurfing participants, where they occur, and their
causes. Injuries were studied using an international open web
questionnaire (n=206).
The results showed that many respondents reported injuries, in
total 251 injuries to knee (24%), ankle (17%), trunk (16%) and
shoulders (10%), often sustained while doing jumps and tricks
(40%). Among the reported injuries were joint injuries (n=101),
muscle/tendon damages (n=47), wounds and cuts (n=36) and bone
fractures (n=28). Also environmental factors and equipment can
influence the risk of injury, or the extent of injury in a hazardous
situation. Conclusively, the information from this retrospective study
supports earlier studies in terms of prevalence and site of injuries.
Suggestively, this information should be used for to build a
foundation of knowledge about the sport for development of
applications for physical training and product development.", keywords = "Kitesurfing, injuries, injury cause, questionnaire.", volume = "5", number = "5", pages = "214-5", }
