Impact of GCSC on Measured Impedance by Distance Relay in the Presence of Single Phase to Earth Fault
This paper presents the impact study of GTO Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC) parameters on measured impedance (Zseen) by MHO distance relays for single transmission line high voltage 220 kV in the presence of single phase to earth fault with fault resistance (RF). The study deals with a 220 kV single electrical transmission line of Eastern Algerian transmission networks at Group Sonelgaz (Algerian Company of Electrical and Gas) compensated by series Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) i.e. GCSC connected at midpoint of the transmission line. The transmitted active and reactive powers are controlled by three GCSC-s. The effects of maximum reactive power injected as well as injected maximum voltage by GCSC on distance relays measured impedance is treated. The simulations results investigate the effects of GCSC injected parameters: variable reactance (XGCSC), variable voltage (VGCSC) and reactive power injected (QGCSC) on measured resistance and reactance in the presence of earth fault with resistance fault varied between 5 to 50 Ω for three cases study.
[1] G. Zigler, Numerical Distance Protection: Principles and Applications,
3rd edition, Publics Corporate Publishing, Germany, June 2008.
[2] AREVA T& D, Network Protection & Automation Guide, 2nd Edition,
Published by AREVA, Paris, France, January 2010.
[3] K. K. Sen, and M. L. Sen, Introduction to FACTS Controllers: Theory,
Modeling and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and IEEE Press,
New Jersey, USA, January 2009.
[4] A. N. Abdel-Latief, A. F. Abdel-Gawad, and M. E. Mandour,
"Mitigation the Effect of TCSC on the Transmission Lines Protection
Devices," in Proc. 42nd International Universities Power Engineering
Conference (UPEC), Brighton, UK, 4-6 September 2007.
[5] M. Khederzadeh, and T. S. Sidhu, "Impact of TCSC on the Protection of
Transmission Lines," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 21,
no. 1, pp. 80-87, January 2006.
[6] T. S. Sidhu, and M. Khederzadeh, "TCSC impact on Communicationaided
Distance Protection Schemes and its Mitigation," IEE
Proceedings on Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 152,
no. 5, pp. 714-728, September 2006.
[7] M. Zellagui, and A. Chaghi, "A Comparative Study of GCSC and TCSC
Effects on MHO Distance Relay Setting in Algerian Transmission
Line," International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET),
vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 220-228, February 2012.
[8] S. Jamali, and H. Shateri, "Locus of Apparent Impedance of Distance
Protection in the Presence of SSSC," European Transaction on
Electrical Power (ETEP), vol. 21, no.1, pp. 398-412, January 2011.
[9] A. Shojaei, and S. M. Madani, "Analysis of Measured Impedance by
Distance Relay in Presence of SSSC," in Proc. IET 5th International
Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD-10),
Brighton, UK, 19-21 April 2010.
[10] M. V. Sham, and K. Panduranga Vittal, "Simulation Studies on the
Distance Relay Performance in the Presence of STATCOM," Journal of
Electrical Engineering (JEE), vol. 11, no. 3, March 2011.
[11] Q. Liu, Z. Wang, and Y. Zhang, "Study on a Novel Method of Distance
Protection in Transmission Line with STATCOM," in Proc. Power and
Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC-2010), China, 28-31
March, 2010.
[12] W. H. Zhang, S. J. Lee, M. S. Choi, and S. Oda, "Considerations on
Distance Relay Setting for Transmission Line with STATCOM," in
Proc. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, USA, 25-29
July 2010.
[13] F. A. Albasri, T. S. Sidhu, and R. K. Varma, "Performance Comparison
of Distance Protection Schemes for Shunt-FACTS Compensated
Transmission Lines," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 22,
no. 4, pp. 2116-2125, October 2007.
[14] S. Jamali, A. Kazemi, and H. Shateri, "Measured Impedance by
Distance Relay for Inter Phase Faults in the Presence of SVC on
Double-circuit Lines," in Proc. IET 11th Conference on Developments
in Power System Protection (DPSP-2012), Birmingham, UK, 23-26
April 2012.
[15] J. G. Agrawal, and K. D. Joshi, "Experimental Study of Some Variable
Impedance Type FACTS Devices," in Proc. 4th International Conference
on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (ICETET-11),
Nagpur, India, 18-20 November, 2011.
[16] L. F. W. de Sow, E.H. Watanabe, and M. Aredes, "GTO Controlled
Series Capacitors: Multi-module and Multi-pulse Arrangements," IEEE
Transaction on Power Delivery, vol. 15, no. 2. pp. 725-731, April 2000.
[17] K. K. Sen, and M. L. Sen, Introduction to FACTS Controllers: Theory,
Modeling and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and IEEE Press,
New Jersey, USA, April 2009.
[18] M. Zellagui, and A. Chaghi, "MHO Distance Relay of Transmission
Line High Voltage using Series Compensation in Algerian Networks,"
Journal of ACTA Electrotehnica, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 126-133, Oct. 2011.
[19] L. Gérin-Lajoie, "A MHO Distance Relay Device in EMTP Works,"
Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 79, no.3, pp. 484-49, Mar. 2009.
[20] D. Sweeting, "Applying IEC 60909, Short-circuit Current Calculations",
in Proc. 58th Annual IEEE, Record of Conference Papers Industry
Applications Society, USA, 19-21 September 2011.
[21] Ha Heng Xu, and Zhang BaoHui, "Study on Reactance Relays for
Single Phase to Earth Fault on EHV Transmission Lines," in Proc.
IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology
(PowerCon-04), Singapore, 21-24 November 2004.
[22] C. L. Fortescue, "Method of Symmetrical Coordinates Applied to the
Solution of Polyphase Networks," Transaction AIEE, pt. II, no. 37,
pp.1027-1140, 1918.
[23] S. Jamali, and H. Shateri, "Impedance Based Fault Location Method for
Single Phase to Earth Faults in Transmission Systems," in Proc. 10th
IET International Conference on Developments in Power System
Protection (DPSP-10), Manchester, UK, 29 March - 1 April, 2010.
[24] Sonelgaz Group/GRTE, Electrical Networks High Voltage 220 kV,
Company of Electrical Transmission, Algeria, 30 December 2011.
[1] G. Zigler, Numerical Distance Protection: Principles and Applications,
3rd edition, Publics Corporate Publishing, Germany, June 2008.
[2] AREVA T& D, Network Protection & Automation Guide, 2nd Edition,
Published by AREVA, Paris, France, January 2010.
[3] K. K. Sen, and M. L. Sen, Introduction to FACTS Controllers: Theory,
Modeling and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and IEEE Press,
New Jersey, USA, January 2009.
[4] A. N. Abdel-Latief, A. F. Abdel-Gawad, and M. E. Mandour,
"Mitigation the Effect of TCSC on the Transmission Lines Protection
Devices," in Proc. 42nd International Universities Power Engineering
Conference (UPEC), Brighton, UK, 4-6 September 2007.
[5] M. Khederzadeh, and T. S. Sidhu, "Impact of TCSC on the Protection of
Transmission Lines," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 21,
no. 1, pp. 80-87, January 2006.
[6] T. S. Sidhu, and M. Khederzadeh, "TCSC impact on Communicationaided
Distance Protection Schemes and its Mitigation," IEE
Proceedings on Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 152,
no. 5, pp. 714-728, September 2006.
[7] M. Zellagui, and A. Chaghi, "A Comparative Study of GCSC and TCSC
Effects on MHO Distance Relay Setting in Algerian Transmission
Line," International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET),
vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 220-228, February 2012.
[8] S. Jamali, and H. Shateri, "Locus of Apparent Impedance of Distance
Protection in the Presence of SSSC," European Transaction on
Electrical Power (ETEP), vol. 21, no.1, pp. 398-412, January 2011.
[9] A. Shojaei, and S. M. Madani, "Analysis of Measured Impedance by
Distance Relay in Presence of SSSC," in Proc. IET 5th International
Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD-10),
Brighton, UK, 19-21 April 2010.
[10] M. V. Sham, and K. Panduranga Vittal, "Simulation Studies on the
Distance Relay Performance in the Presence of STATCOM," Journal of
Electrical Engineering (JEE), vol. 11, no. 3, March 2011.
[11] Q. Liu, Z. Wang, and Y. Zhang, "Study on a Novel Method of Distance
Protection in Transmission Line with STATCOM," in Proc. Power and
Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC-2010), China, 28-31
March, 2010.
[12] W. H. Zhang, S. J. Lee, M. S. Choi, and S. Oda, "Considerations on
Distance Relay Setting for Transmission Line with STATCOM," in
Proc. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, USA, 25-29
July 2010.
[13] F. A. Albasri, T. S. Sidhu, and R. K. Varma, "Performance Comparison
of Distance Protection Schemes for Shunt-FACTS Compensated
Transmission Lines," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 22,
no. 4, pp. 2116-2125, October 2007.
[14] S. Jamali, A. Kazemi, and H. Shateri, "Measured Impedance by
Distance Relay for Inter Phase Faults in the Presence of SVC on
Double-circuit Lines," in Proc. IET 11th Conference on Developments
in Power System Protection (DPSP-2012), Birmingham, UK, 23-26
April 2012.
[15] J. G. Agrawal, and K. D. Joshi, "Experimental Study of Some Variable
Impedance Type FACTS Devices," in Proc. 4th International Conference
on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (ICETET-11),
Nagpur, India, 18-20 November, 2011.
[16] L. F. W. de Sow, E.H. Watanabe, and M. Aredes, "GTO Controlled
Series Capacitors: Multi-module and Multi-pulse Arrangements," IEEE
Transaction on Power Delivery, vol. 15, no. 2. pp. 725-731, April 2000.
[17] K. K. Sen, and M. L. Sen, Introduction to FACTS Controllers: Theory,
Modeling and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and IEEE Press,
New Jersey, USA, April 2009.
[18] M. Zellagui, and A. Chaghi, "MHO Distance Relay of Transmission
Line High Voltage using Series Compensation in Algerian Networks,"
Journal of ACTA Electrotehnica, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 126-133, Oct. 2011.
[19] L. Gérin-Lajoie, "A MHO Distance Relay Device in EMTP Works,"
Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 79, no.3, pp. 484-49, Mar. 2009.
[20] D. Sweeting, "Applying IEC 60909, Short-circuit Current Calculations",
in Proc. 58th Annual IEEE, Record of Conference Papers Industry
Applications Society, USA, 19-21 September 2011.
[21] Ha Heng Xu, and Zhang BaoHui, "Study on Reactance Relays for
Single Phase to Earth Fault on EHV Transmission Lines," in Proc.
IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology
(PowerCon-04), Singapore, 21-24 November 2004.
[22] C. L. Fortescue, "Method of Symmetrical Coordinates Applied to the
Solution of Polyphase Networks," Transaction AIEE, pt. II, no. 37,
pp.1027-1140, 1918.
[23] S. Jamali, and H. Shateri, "Impedance Based Fault Location Method for
Single Phase to Earth Faults in Transmission Systems," in Proc. 10th
IET International Conference on Developments in Power System
Protection (DPSP-10), Manchester, UK, 29 March - 1 April, 2010.
[24] Sonelgaz Group/GRTE, Electrical Networks High Voltage 220 kV,
Company of Electrical Transmission, Algeria, 30 December 2011.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:54041", author = "M. Zellagui and A. Chaghi", title = "Impact of GCSC on Measured Impedance by Distance Relay in the Presence of Single Phase to Earth Fault", abstract = "This paper presents the impact study of GTO Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC) parameters on measured impedance (Zseen) by MHO distance relays for single transmission line high voltage 220 kV in the presence of single phase to earth fault with fault resistance (RF). The study deals with a 220 kV single electrical transmission line of Eastern Algerian transmission networks at Group Sonelgaz (Algerian Company of Electrical and Gas) compensated by series Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) i.e. GCSC connected at midpoint of the transmission line. The transmitted active and reactive powers are controlled by three GCSC-s. The effects of maximum reactive power injected as well as injected maximum voltage by GCSC on distance relays measured impedance is treated. The simulations results investigate the effects of GCSC injected parameters: variable reactance (XGCSC), variable voltage (VGCSC) and reactive power injected (QGCSC) on measured resistance and reactance in the presence of earth fault with resistance fault varied between 5 to 50 Ω for three cases study.
", keywords = "GCSC Parameters, Transmission line, Earth fault,
Symmetrical components, Distance protection, Measured impedance.", volume = "6", number = "10", pages = "1137-6", }
