There is strong evidence that water channel proteins
'aquaporins (AQPs)' are central components in plant-water relations
as well as a number of other physiological parameters. We had
previously reported the isolation of 24 plasma membrane intrinsic
protein (PIP) type AQPs. However, the gene numbers in rice and the
polyploid nature of bread wheat indicated a high probability of
further genes in the latter. The present work focused on identification
of further AQP isoforms in bread wheat. With the use of altered
primer design, we identified five genes homologous, designated
PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b, TaPIP2;2, TaPIP2;2a, TaPIP2;2b. Sequence
alignments indicate PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b are likely to be homeologues of
two previously reported genes while the other three are new genes
and could be homeologs of each other. The results indicate further
AQP diversity in wheat and the sequence data will enable physical
mapping of these genes to identify their genomes as well as genetic to
determine their association with any quantitative trait loci (QTLs)
associated with plant-water relation such as salinity or drought
tolerance.
[1] V. Koefoed-Johnsen and H. Ussing, "The contributions of diffusion and
flow to the passage of D2O through living membranes. " Acta Physiol
Scand, vol. 28, pp. 60-76, 1953.
[2] B. Denker, B. Smith, F. Kuhajda, and P. Agre, "Identification,
purification and partial characterization of a novel Mr 28,000 integral
membrane protein from erythrocytes and renal tubules. " J Biol Chem.,
vol. 263, pp.15634-15642, 1988.
[3] G. Preston, J. Jung, W. Guggino, and P. Agre, "Membrane topology of
aquaporin CHIP - analysis of functional epitope-scanning mutants by
vectorial proteolysis. "J Biol Chem., vol. 269, pp. 1668- 1673, 1994.
[4] J. Reizer, A. Reizer, and M. Saier, "The MIP family of integral
membrane channel proteins: sequence comparisons, evolutionary
relationships, reconstructed pathway of evolution, and proposed
functional differentiation of the two repeated halves of the proteins."
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol., vol. 28, pp.235-257, 1993.
[5] H. Sui , B. Han, J. Lee, P. Walian and B. Jap, "Structural basis of waterspecific
transport through the AQP1 water channel." Nature, vol. 414,
pp. 872-878, 2001.
[6] J.Danielson and U. Johanson, " Unexpected complexity of the
Aquaporin gene family in the moss Physcomitrella patens" BMC Plant
Biol. Vol.8: 45 , 2008. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-8-45.
[7] F. Chaumont, F. Barrieu, E. Wojcik, M. Chrispeels and R. Jung,
"Aquaporins constitute a large and highly divergent protein family in
maize. "Plant Physiol.,vol. 125, pp.1206-1215, 2001.
[8] R. Kaldenhoff, A. Bertl, B. Otto, M. Moshelion, and N. Uehlein,
"Characterization of Plant Aquaporins. " Methods in Enzymology,
vol.428, pp. 505-526, 2007.
[9] A. Bansal and R. Sankararamakrishnan, "Homology modeling of major
intrinsic proteins in rice, maize and Arabidopsis: comparative analysis of
transmembrane helix association and aromatic/ arginine selectivity
filters. "BMC Struct Biol.,vol. 7,pp. 27, 2007.
[10] R. Kaldenhoff, M .Fischer, "Aquaporins in plants." Acta Physiol.,vol.
187, pp.169-176, 2006.
[11] F.Chaumont, M. Moshelion and M.Daniels, "Regulation of plant
aquaporin activity." Biol. Cell , vol.97,pp 749−764, 2005.
[12] S.Mandal , M. Maharjan, S. Singh, M. Chatterjee and R. Madhubala,
"Assessing aquaglyceroporin gene status and expression profile in
antimony-susceptible and -resistant clinical isolates of Leishmania
donovani from India." J Antimicrob Chemother. VOL.65, PP. 496-507,
2010.
[13] K. Forrest, and M. Bhave, "The PIP and TIP aquaporins in wheat form a
large and diverse family with unique gene structures and unctionally
important features. " Funct Integr Genomics, vol. 8, pp. 115-33, 2008.
[14] T. Hall, " BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor
and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT." Nucleic Acids Symp
Ser., vol. 41, pp.95-98, 1999.
[15] M. Chrispeels, N. Crawford and J. Schroeder, "Proteins for Transport of
Water and Mineral Nutrients across the Membranes of Plant Cells."
Plant Cell, vol. 11,pp. 661-676, 1999.
[16] I. Wallace and D. Roberts, "Homology modeling of representative
subfamilies of arabidopsis major intrinsic proteins. classification based
on the Aromatic/Arginine selectivity filter." Plant Physiology, vol. 135,
pp. 1059-1068, 2004.
[1] V. Koefoed-Johnsen and H. Ussing, "The contributions of diffusion and
flow to the passage of D2O through living membranes. " Acta Physiol
Scand, vol. 28, pp. 60-76, 1953.
[2] B. Denker, B. Smith, F. Kuhajda, and P. Agre, "Identification,
purification and partial characterization of a novel Mr 28,000 integral
membrane protein from erythrocytes and renal tubules. " J Biol Chem.,
vol. 263, pp.15634-15642, 1988.
[3] G. Preston, J. Jung, W. Guggino, and P. Agre, "Membrane topology of
aquaporin CHIP - analysis of functional epitope-scanning mutants by
vectorial proteolysis. "J Biol Chem., vol. 269, pp. 1668- 1673, 1994.
[4] J. Reizer, A. Reizer, and M. Saier, "The MIP family of integral
membrane channel proteins: sequence comparisons, evolutionary
relationships, reconstructed pathway of evolution, and proposed
functional differentiation of the two repeated halves of the proteins."
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol., vol. 28, pp.235-257, 1993.
[5] H. Sui , B. Han, J. Lee, P. Walian and B. Jap, "Structural basis of waterspecific
transport through the AQP1 water channel." Nature, vol. 414,
pp. 872-878, 2001.
[6] J.Danielson and U. Johanson, " Unexpected complexity of the
Aquaporin gene family in the moss Physcomitrella patens" BMC Plant
Biol. Vol.8: 45 , 2008. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-8-45.
[7] F. Chaumont, F. Barrieu, E. Wojcik, M. Chrispeels and R. Jung,
"Aquaporins constitute a large and highly divergent protein family in
maize. "Plant Physiol.,vol. 125, pp.1206-1215, 2001.
[8] R. Kaldenhoff, A. Bertl, B. Otto, M. Moshelion, and N. Uehlein,
"Characterization of Plant Aquaporins. " Methods in Enzymology,
vol.428, pp. 505-526, 2007.
[9] A. Bansal and R. Sankararamakrishnan, "Homology modeling of major
intrinsic proteins in rice, maize and Arabidopsis: comparative analysis of
transmembrane helix association and aromatic/ arginine selectivity
filters. "BMC Struct Biol.,vol. 7,pp. 27, 2007.
[10] R. Kaldenhoff, M .Fischer, "Aquaporins in plants." Acta Physiol.,vol.
187, pp.169-176, 2006.
[11] F.Chaumont, M. Moshelion and M.Daniels, "Regulation of plant
aquaporin activity." Biol. Cell , vol.97,pp 749−764, 2005.
[12] S.Mandal , M. Maharjan, S. Singh, M. Chatterjee and R. Madhubala,
"Assessing aquaglyceroporin gene status and expression profile in
antimony-susceptible and -resistant clinical isolates of Leishmania
donovani from India." J Antimicrob Chemother. VOL.65, PP. 496-507,
2010.
[13] K. Forrest, and M. Bhave, "The PIP and TIP aquaporins in wheat form a
large and diverse family with unique gene structures and unctionally
important features. " Funct Integr Genomics, vol. 8, pp. 115-33, 2008.
[14] T. Hall, " BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor
and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT." Nucleic Acids Symp
Ser., vol. 41, pp.95-98, 1999.
[15] M. Chrispeels, N. Crawford and J. Schroeder, "Proteins for Transport of
Water and Mineral Nutrients across the Membranes of Plant Cells."
Plant Cell, vol. 11,pp. 661-676, 1999.
[16] I. Wallace and D. Roberts, "Homology modeling of representative
subfamilies of arabidopsis major intrinsic proteins. classification based
on the Aromatic/Arginine selectivity filter." Plant Physiology, vol. 135,
pp. 1059-1068, 2004.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:62108", author = "Sh. A. Yousif and M. Bhave", title = "Identification of PIP Aquaporin Genes from Wheat", abstract = "There is strong evidence that water channel proteins
'aquaporins (AQPs)' are central components in plant-water relations
as well as a number of other physiological parameters. We had
previously reported the isolation of 24 plasma membrane intrinsic
protein (PIP) type AQPs. However, the gene numbers in rice and the
polyploid nature of bread wheat indicated a high probability of
further genes in the latter. The present work focused on identification
of further AQP isoforms in bread wheat. With the use of altered
primer design, we identified five genes homologous, designated
PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b, TaPIP2;2, TaPIP2;2a, TaPIP2;2b. Sequence
alignments indicate PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b are likely to be homeologues of
two previously reported genes while the other three are new genes
and could be homeologs of each other. The results indicate further
AQP diversity in wheat and the sequence data will enable physical
mapping of these genes to identify their genomes as well as genetic to
determine their association with any quantitative trait loci (QTLs)
associated with plant-water relation such as salinity or drought
tolerance.", keywords = "Aquaporins, homeologues, PIP, wheat", volume = "5", number = "11", pages = "810-5", }
