High Efficiency Electrolyte Lithium Battery and RF Characterization

The dielectric properties and ionic conductivity of
novel "ceramic state" polymer electrolytes for high capacity lithium
battery are characterized by Radio frequency and Microwave
methods in two broad frequency ranges from 50 Hz to 20 KHz and 4
GHz to 40 GHz. This innovative solid polymer electrolyte which is
highly ionic conductive (10-3 S/cm at room temperature) from -40oC
to +150oC can be used in any battery application. Such polymer
exhibits properties more like a ceramic rather than polymer. The
various applied measurement methods produced accurate dielectric
results for comprehensive analysis of electrochemical properties and
ion transportation mechanism of this newly invented polymer
electrolyte. Two techniques and instruments employing air gap
measurement by Capacitance Bridge and in-waveguide measurement
by vector network analyzer are applied to measure the complex
dielectric spectra. The complex dielectric spectra are used to
determine the complex alternating current electrical conductivity and
thus the ionic conductivity.

• Wei Quan
• Liu Chao
• Mohammed N. Afsar

• Polymer electrolyte
• dielectric permittivity
• lithium battery
• ionic relaxation
• microwave measurement.

[1] J. R. MacCallum and C. A. Vincent, Polymer electrolyte reviews vol. 2:
Springer, 1989.
[2] T. Springer, T. Zawodzinski, M. Wilson, and S. Gottesfeld,
"Characterization of polymer electrolyte fuel cells using AC impedance
spectroscopy," Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 143, pp.
587-599, 1996.
[3] J. R. Macdonald, "Impedance spectroscopy and its use in analyzing the
steady-state AC response of solid and liquid electrolytes," Journal of
electroanalytical chemistry and interfacial electrochemistry, vol. 223, pp.
25-50, 1987.
[4] J. T. S. Irvine, D. C. Sinclair, and A. R. West, "Electroceramics:
characterization by impedance spectroscopy," Advanced Materials, vol.
2, pp. 132-138, 1990.
[5] X. Qian, N. Gu, Z. Cheng, X. Yang, E. Wang, and S. Dong, "Impedance
study of (PEO)10LiClO4–Al2O3 composite polymer electrolyte with blocking
electrodes," Electrochimica acta, vol. 46, pp. 1829-1836, 2001.
[6] L. Nyikos and T. Pajkossy, "Fractal dimension and fractional power
frequency-dependent impedance of blocking electrodes," Electrochimica
acta, vol. 30, pp. 1533-1540, 1985.
[7] R. Armstrong and R. Burnham, "The effect of roughness on the
impedance of the interface between a solid electrolyte and a blocking
electrode," Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial
Electrochemistry, vol. 72, pp. 257-266, 1976.
[8] A. Sharma and M. N. Afsar, "Accurate permittivity and permeability
measurement of composite broadband absorbers at microwave
frequencies," in Instrumentation and Measurement Technology
Conference (I2MTC), 2011 IEEE, 2011, pp. 1-6. [9] A. Sharma and M. N. Afsar, "Microwave complex permeability and
permittivity of nanoferrites," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 109, pp.
07A503-07A503-3, 2011.