Harmful Effect of Ambient Ozone on Growth and Productivity of Two Legume Crops Visia Faba, and Pisum sativum in Riyadh City, K.S.A.
Ozone (O3) is considered as one of the most
phytotoxic pollutants with deleterious effects on living and non living
components of Ecosystems. It reduces growth and yield of many
crops as well as alters the physiology and crop quality. The present
study described series of experiments to investigate the effects of
ambient O3 at different locations with different ambient levels of O3
depending on proximity to pollutant source and ranged between 17
ppb/h in control experiment to 112 ppb/h in industrial area
respectively. The ambient levels in other three locations (King Saud
University botanical garden, King Fahd Rd, and Almanakh Garden)
were 61,61,77 ppb/h respectively. Tow legume crops species (vicia
vaba L ; and Pisum sativum) differ in their phenology and sensitivity
were used. The results showed a significant negative effect to ozone
on morphology, number of injured leaves, growth and productivity
with a difference in the degree of response depending on the plant
type. Visia Faba showed sensitivity to ozone to number and leaf area
and the degree of injury leaves 3, pisum sativum show higher
sensitivity for the gas for degree of injury 1,The relative growth rate
and seed weight, it turns out there is no significant difference
between the two plants in plant height and number of seeds.
[1] Laurence, J. A. and Andersen, C. P. 2003. Ozone and natural systems:
understanding exposure, response, and risk. In: Heck, W. W., A. H.
Chappelka, W. F. Hunt, J. L. Innes and M. Unsworth (eds.) Future
directions in air quality research. Ecological, atmospheric, regularotypolicy-
economic and educational issues. Proceedings of a conference,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. 12-15 February 2001.
[2] IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2001. Climate
change 2001: the scientific basis. Contribution of Working Group I to
the Third Assessm ent Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 881pp (ISBN
0521 807670).H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and
Estimation. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4.
[3] Krupa, S.V., Kickert, R.N. and JaÈ ger, H.-J., 1998. Elevated
Ultraviolet (UV)-B Radiation and Agriculture. Springer, Heidelberg and
Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, TX.
[4] Sandermann, H.; Ernst, D.; Heller, W. and Langebartels, C. 1998.
Ozone; An abiotic elicitor of plant defense.
[5] Findley, D.L.; Keever, G.J.; Chappelka, A.H.; Gilliam, C.H. and Eakes,
D.J. 2006. Differential response of buddleia (Buddleia davidii Franch.)
to ozone. Environ. Pollut., 98:105-111.4
[6] Guidi, L., Di Cagno, R. and Soldatini, G.F., 2000. Screening of bean
cultivars for their response to ozone as evaluated by visible symptoms
and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence. Environ. Pollut. 107: 349-355.
[7] Mills, G., I. Fumagalli, B. S. Gimeno, D. Velissariou and L. De
Temmerman. 2001. Evidence of ozone-induced adverse effects on crops
in the Mediterranean region. Atmospheric Environment. 35: 2583-2587.
[8] Finnan, J.M.; Burke, J.I. and Jones, M.B. 2007. A time concentration
study of the effect of ozone on spring wheat. 3: Effects on leaf area and
flag leaf senescence. Agric. Ecosys. Envir., 69: 27-35
[9] Sawyer, R.F.; Harley, R.A.; Cadle, S.H.; Norbeck, J.M.; Slott, R. and
Bravo, H.A. 2000. Mobile sources critical review: 1998 NARSTO
assessment. Atmos. Environ., 34:2161-2181.
[10] Muhaisin, A. A. 2011. Effect of Ambient ozone on four crop Plants in
Riyadh City. King Suad Univ. College of Science. Ph.D. Thesis.
Riyadh.
[11] Almuehi, M. A. 2010. The effects of ozone and sulfur dioxide, nitrogen
dioxide and ascorbic acid on six of crop plants in the city of Riyadh.
King Saud University, College of Science. Ph.D. Thesis. Riyadh.
[12] Ali, A. A. and Yemen, M. N. 2008. Changes in the virtual Faba bean
under the influence of gaseous air pollutants in the city of Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia, Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 15 (3) 139-145.
[13] National Centre for Meteorology and Environmental Protection. 2009.
General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection,
Ministry of Defense and Aviation.
[14] Mandl, R. H., Weintein, L. H., McCone, D. L. and Kerny, Y. M., 1973.
A cylindrical open-topped chamber for exposure of plants to air
pollutants in the field. J. Environ. Qual. 2: 371-6.
[15] Chaung, Y. and Yu, M. R., 2001. Correlation between zone resistance
and relative chlorophyll florescence or relative stomata conductance of
bedding plants. Botanic Bulletin of Academic sinica. 42: 265-272.
[16] Hunt, Roderich. 1982. Plant growth curves, the functional approach to
plant growth analysis. University park press. USA.
[17] Zhang, J., Ferdinand, J.A., Vanderheyden, D.J., Skelly, J.M. and Innes,
J.L., 2001.Variation of gas exchange within native plant species of
Switzerland and relationship with ozone injury: an open-top experiment.
Environmental Pollution 113: 177-185.
[18] Biswas, D.K., Xu, H., Li, Y.G., Sun, J.Z., Wang, X.Z., Han, X.G.and
Jiang, G.M., 2008. Genotypic differences in leaf biochemical,
physiological and growth responses to ozone in 20 winter wheat
cultivars released over the past 60 years. Global Change Biology 14:
46-59.
[19] Morgan, P.B., Ainsworth, E.A. and Long, S.P., 2003. How does
elevated ozone impact soybean:Ameta-analysis of photosynthesis,
growth, and yield. Plant Cell Environ. 26: 1317-1328.
[20] Keutgen, A. . J., Noga, G. and Pawelzik, E. 2005. Cultivar-specific
impairment of strawberry growth, photosynthesis, carbohydrate and
nitrogen accumulation by ozone. Environmental and Experimental
Botany 53 : 271-280.
[21] Elagöz , V. and Manning, W. J., 2005. Responses of sensitive and
tolerant bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to ozone in open-top
chambers are influenced by phenotypic differences, morphological
characteristics, and the chamber environment. Environmental Pollution
136 : 371-383.
[22] Madkour, S. A. and Laurence, J.A., 2002. Egyptian plant species as new
ozone indicators. Environmental Pollution 120: 339-353.
[23] Burkey K. O., Miller J. E and Fiscus, E.L, 2005. Assessment of
Ambient Ozone Effects on Vegetation Using Snap Bean as a
Bioindicator species. Journal of Environmental Quality. 34: 1081-1086.
[24] El-Khatib A. A., 2003. The response of some common Egyptian plants
to ozone and their use as biomonitors. Environmental Pollution 124:
419-428.
[25] Elkiey, T. and Ormrod, D.P., 1979. Ozone and/or sulphur dioxide
effects on tissue permeability of petunia leaves. Atmospheric
Environment 13: 1165-1168.
[26] Ashmore, M. R., 2002. Effects of antioxidants at the whole plant and
community level. In: Bell, J.N.B., Treshow, M. (Eds.), Air Pollution and
Plants. John Wiley, London, UK, pp. 89-118.
[27] Hacour, A., Craigon, J., Vandermeiren, K., Ojanpera, K., Pleijel, H.,
Danielsson, H., H¨ogy, P., Finnan, J. and Bindi, M., 2002. CO2 and
ozone effects on canopy development of potato crops across Europe.
Eur. J. Agron. 17: 257-272.
[28] Bindi, M., Hacour, A., Vandermeiren, K., Craigon, J., Ojanpera, K.,
Selld'en, G., Högy, P., Finnan, J. and Fibbi, L., 2002. Chlorophyll
concentration of potatoes grown under elevated carbon dioxide and/or
ozone concentrations. Eur. J. Agron. 17: 319-335.
[29] Tingey, D. T., Robecap, K. D., Lee, E. H. , Hogslt, W. E. and Gregg, J.
W. 2002. Pod development increases the ozone sensitivity of Phaseolus
vulgaris. Water air soil pollut. 139: 325-341.
[30] Heagle, A.S., Miller, J.E., Burkey, K.O., Eason, G. and Pursley,W.A.,
2002. Growth and yield responses of snap bean to mixtures of carbon
dioxide and ozone. J. Environ. Qual. 31: 2008-2014.
[31] Temple, P. J., R. S. Kupper, R. W. Lennox, A and k. Rohr. 1988c.
Physiological and growth responses of differentiatly irrigated cotton to
ozone. Environ. Pollut. 53: 255-263.
[32] Flowers, M. D., Fiscus, E. L., Burkey, K. O., Booker, F. L. and Dubois,
J.J.B., 2007. Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and yield of snap
bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes differing in sensitivity to ozone.
Environmental and Experimental Botany 61 : 190-198.
[33] Pleijel, H., Berglen, A., Danielsson, H., Bondesson, N. and Selld'en, G.
2006. Differential ozone sensitivity in an old and a modern Swedish
wheat cultivar - grain yield and quality, leaf chlorophyll and stomatal
conductance. Environmental and experimental botany. 56: 63-71.
[34] Cardoso-Vilhena, J., Balaguer, L., Eamus, D., Ollerensham, J. and
Barnes. J., 2004. Mechanisms underlying the amelioration of O3-
induced damage by elevated atmospheric concentrations of CO2.
Journal of Experimental Botany, 55: 771-781.
[1] Laurence, J. A. and Andersen, C. P. 2003. Ozone and natural systems:
understanding exposure, response, and risk. In: Heck, W. W., A. H.
Chappelka, W. F. Hunt, J. L. Innes and M. Unsworth (eds.) Future
directions in air quality research. Ecological, atmospheric, regularotypolicy-
economic and educational issues. Proceedings of a conference,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. 12-15 February 2001.
[2] IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2001. Climate
change 2001: the scientific basis. Contribution of Working Group I to
the Third Assessm ent Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 881pp (ISBN
0521 807670).H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and
Estimation. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4.
[3] Krupa, S.V., Kickert, R.N. and JaÈ ger, H.-J., 1998. Elevated
Ultraviolet (UV)-B Radiation and Agriculture. Springer, Heidelberg and
Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, TX.
[4] Sandermann, H.; Ernst, D.; Heller, W. and Langebartels, C. 1998.
Ozone; An abiotic elicitor of plant defense.
[5] Findley, D.L.; Keever, G.J.; Chappelka, A.H.; Gilliam, C.H. and Eakes,
D.J. 2006. Differential response of buddleia (Buddleia davidii Franch.)
to ozone. Environ. Pollut., 98:105-111.4
[6] Guidi, L., Di Cagno, R. and Soldatini, G.F., 2000. Screening of bean
cultivars for their response to ozone as evaluated by visible symptoms
and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence. Environ. Pollut. 107: 349-355.
[7] Mills, G., I. Fumagalli, B. S. Gimeno, D. Velissariou and L. De
Temmerman. 2001. Evidence of ozone-induced adverse effects on crops
in the Mediterranean region. Atmospheric Environment. 35: 2583-2587.
[8] Finnan, J.M.; Burke, J.I. and Jones, M.B. 2007. A time concentration
study of the effect of ozone on spring wheat. 3: Effects on leaf area and
flag leaf senescence. Agric. Ecosys. Envir., 69: 27-35
[9] Sawyer, R.F.; Harley, R.A.; Cadle, S.H.; Norbeck, J.M.; Slott, R. and
Bravo, H.A. 2000. Mobile sources critical review: 1998 NARSTO
assessment. Atmos. Environ., 34:2161-2181.
[10] Muhaisin, A. A. 2011. Effect of Ambient ozone on four crop Plants in
Riyadh City. King Suad Univ. College of Science. Ph.D. Thesis.
Riyadh.
[11] Almuehi, M. A. 2010. The effects of ozone and sulfur dioxide, nitrogen
dioxide and ascorbic acid on six of crop plants in the city of Riyadh.
King Saud University, College of Science. Ph.D. Thesis. Riyadh.
[12] Ali, A. A. and Yemen, M. N. 2008. Changes in the virtual Faba bean
under the influence of gaseous air pollutants in the city of Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia, Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 15 (3) 139-145.
[13] National Centre for Meteorology and Environmental Protection. 2009.
General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection,
Ministry of Defense and Aviation.
[14] Mandl, R. H., Weintein, L. H., McCone, D. L. and Kerny, Y. M., 1973.
A cylindrical open-topped chamber for exposure of plants to air
pollutants in the field. J. Environ. Qual. 2: 371-6.
[15] Chaung, Y. and Yu, M. R., 2001. Correlation between zone resistance
and relative chlorophyll florescence or relative stomata conductance of
bedding plants. Botanic Bulletin of Academic sinica. 42: 265-272.
[16] Hunt, Roderich. 1982. Plant growth curves, the functional approach to
plant growth analysis. University park press. USA.
[17] Zhang, J., Ferdinand, J.A., Vanderheyden, D.J., Skelly, J.M. and Innes,
J.L., 2001.Variation of gas exchange within native plant species of
Switzerland and relationship with ozone injury: an open-top experiment.
Environmental Pollution 113: 177-185.
[18] Biswas, D.K., Xu, H., Li, Y.G., Sun, J.Z., Wang, X.Z., Han, X.G.and
Jiang, G.M., 2008. Genotypic differences in leaf biochemical,
physiological and growth responses to ozone in 20 winter wheat
cultivars released over the past 60 years. Global Change Biology 14:
46-59.
[19] Morgan, P.B., Ainsworth, E.A. and Long, S.P., 2003. How does
elevated ozone impact soybean:Ameta-analysis of photosynthesis,
growth, and yield. Plant Cell Environ. 26: 1317-1328.
[20] Keutgen, A. . J., Noga, G. and Pawelzik, E. 2005. Cultivar-specific
impairment of strawberry growth, photosynthesis, carbohydrate and
nitrogen accumulation by ozone. Environmental and Experimental
Botany 53 : 271-280.
[21] Elagöz , V. and Manning, W. J., 2005. Responses of sensitive and
tolerant bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to ozone in open-top
chambers are influenced by phenotypic differences, morphological
characteristics, and the chamber environment. Environmental Pollution
136 : 371-383.
[22] Madkour, S. A. and Laurence, J.A., 2002. Egyptian plant species as new
ozone indicators. Environmental Pollution 120: 339-353.
[23] Burkey K. O., Miller J. E and Fiscus, E.L, 2005. Assessment of
Ambient Ozone Effects on Vegetation Using Snap Bean as a
Bioindicator species. Journal of Environmental Quality. 34: 1081-1086.
[24] El-Khatib A. A., 2003. The response of some common Egyptian plants
to ozone and their use as biomonitors. Environmental Pollution 124:
419-428.
[25] Elkiey, T. and Ormrod, D.P., 1979. Ozone and/or sulphur dioxide
effects on tissue permeability of petunia leaves. Atmospheric
Environment 13: 1165-1168.
[26] Ashmore, M. R., 2002. Effects of antioxidants at the whole plant and
community level. In: Bell, J.N.B., Treshow, M. (Eds.), Air Pollution and
Plants. John Wiley, London, UK, pp. 89-118.
[27] Hacour, A., Craigon, J., Vandermeiren, K., Ojanpera, K., Pleijel, H.,
Danielsson, H., H¨ogy, P., Finnan, J. and Bindi, M., 2002. CO2 and
ozone effects on canopy development of potato crops across Europe.
Eur. J. Agron. 17: 257-272.
[28] Bindi, M., Hacour, A., Vandermeiren, K., Craigon, J., Ojanpera, K.,
Selld'en, G., Högy, P., Finnan, J. and Fibbi, L., 2002. Chlorophyll
concentration of potatoes grown under elevated carbon dioxide and/or
ozone concentrations. Eur. J. Agron. 17: 319-335.
[29] Tingey, D. T., Robecap, K. D., Lee, E. H. , Hogslt, W. E. and Gregg, J.
W. 2002. Pod development increases the ozone sensitivity of Phaseolus
vulgaris. Water air soil pollut. 139: 325-341.
[30] Heagle, A.S., Miller, J.E., Burkey, K.O., Eason, G. and Pursley,W.A.,
2002. Growth and yield responses of snap bean to mixtures of carbon
dioxide and ozone. J. Environ. Qual. 31: 2008-2014.
[31] Temple, P. J., R. S. Kupper, R. W. Lennox, A and k. Rohr. 1988c.
Physiological and growth responses of differentiatly irrigated cotton to
ozone. Environ. Pollut. 53: 255-263.
[32] Flowers, M. D., Fiscus, E. L., Burkey, K. O., Booker, F. L. and Dubois,
J.J.B., 2007. Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and yield of snap
bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes differing in sensitivity to ozone.
Environmental and Experimental Botany 61 : 190-198.
[33] Pleijel, H., Berglen, A., Danielsson, H., Bondesson, N. and Selld'en, G.
2006. Differential ozone sensitivity in an old and a modern Swedish
wheat cultivar - grain yield and quality, leaf chlorophyll and stomatal
conductance. Environmental and experimental botany. 56: 63-71.
[34] Cardoso-Vilhena, J., Balaguer, L., Eamus, D., Ollerensham, J. and
Barnes. J., 2004. Mechanisms underlying the amelioration of O3-
induced damage by elevated atmospheric concentrations of CO2.
Journal of Experimental Botany, 55: 771-781.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:60764", author = "Ibrahim A. Al-Muhaisen and Mohammad N. Al Ymemeni", title = "Harmful Effect of Ambient Ozone on Growth and Productivity of Two Legume Crops Visia Faba, and Pisum sativum in Riyadh City, K.S.A.", abstract = "Ozone (O3) is considered as one of the most
phytotoxic pollutants with deleterious effects on living and non living
components of Ecosystems. It reduces growth and yield of many
crops as well as alters the physiology and crop quality. The present
study described series of experiments to investigate the effects of
ambient O3 at different locations with different ambient levels of O3
depending on proximity to pollutant source and ranged between 17
ppb/h in control experiment to 112 ppb/h in industrial area
respectively. The ambient levels in other three locations (King Saud
University botanical garden, King Fahd Rd, and Almanakh Garden)
were 61,61,77 ppb/h respectively. Tow legume crops species (vicia
vaba L ; and Pisum sativum) differ in their phenology and sensitivity
were used. The results showed a significant negative effect to ozone
on morphology, number of injured leaves, growth and productivity
with a difference in the degree of response depending on the plant
type. Visia Faba showed sensitivity to ozone to number and leaf area
and the degree of injury leaves 3, pisum sativum show higher
sensitivity for the gas for degree of injury 1,The relative growth rate
and seed weight, it turns out there is no significant difference
between the two plants in plant height and number of seeds.", keywords = "Ozone, Legume crops, growth and production, Resistance, Riyadh city.", volume = "7", number = "6", pages = "429-6", }
