Geochemical Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration in Surface Sediment of West Port, Malaysia
One year (November 2009-October 2010) sediment monitoring was used to evaluate pollution status, concentration and distribution of heavy metals (As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in West Port of Malaysia. Sediment sample were collected from nine stations every four months. Geo-accumulation factor and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were estimated to better understand the pollution level in study area. The heavy metal concentration (Mg/g dry weight) were ranged from 20.2 to 162 for As, 7.4 to 27.6 for Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 22.3 to 80 for Pb and 23 to 98.3 for Zn. In general, concentration some metals (As,Cd, Hg and Pb) was higher than background values that are considered as serious concern for aquatic life and the human health.
[1] Nobi, E., et al., Geochemical and geo-statistical assessment of heavy
metal concentration in the sediments of different coastal ecosystems of
Andaman Islands, India. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2010.
87(2): p. 253-264.
[2] H├╝bner, R., K.B. Astin, and R.J.H. Herbert, Comparison of sediment
quality guidelines (SQGs) for the assessment of metal contamination in
marine and estuarine environments. J. Environ. Monit., 2009. 11(4): p.
713-722.
[3] Vallejuelo, S.F.-O.d., et al., Risk assessment of trace elements in
sediments: The case of the estuary of the Nerbioi-Ibaizabal River
(Basque Country). Journal of Hazardous Materials 2010(181): p. 565-
573.
[4] Gopinath, A., et al., A baseline study of trace metals in a coral reef
sedimentary environment, Lakshadweep Archipelago. Environmental
Earth Sciences, 2010. 59(6): p. 1245-1266.
[5] Hart, B.T., Uptake of trace metals by sediments and suspended
particulates: a review. Hydrobiologia, 1982. 91(1): p. 299-313.
[6] Förstner, U., et al., Metal pollution in the aquatic environment. 1979.
[7] Silva, N., J. Haro, and R. Prego, Metals background and enrichment in
the Chiloe.Interior Sea sediments (Chile). Is there any segregation
between fjords, channels and sounds? . Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf
Science 2009. 82: p. 467-476.
[8] Birch, G., S. Taylor, and C. Matthai, Small-scale spatial and temporal
variance in the concentration of heavy metals in aquatic sediments: a
review and some new concepts. Environmental Pollution, 2001. 113(3):
p. 357-372.
[9] Chon, H.S., D.G. Ohandja, and N. Voulvoulis, Implementation of EU
Water Framework Directive: source assessment of metallic substances at
catchment levels. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2010. 12(1): p.
36-47.
[10] Sinex, S. and G. Helz, Regional geochemistry of trace elements in
Chesapeake Bay sediments. Environmental Geology, 1981. 3(6): p. 315-
323.
[11] Chong , V.C., et al., The fish and prawn communities of a Malaysian
coastal mangrove system. With comparisons to adjacent mudflats and
inshore waters. Est Coasta Shelf Science, 1990(31): p. 703-722.
[12] van Valine, S.P., and B.J. Morse, Techniques in soil analysis. In
Procedures of Soil Analysis, . ed., van Reeuwijk, L. P.,
Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2003.
[13] Cressie, N., The origins of kriging. Mathematical Geology, 1990. 22(3):
p. 239-252.
[14] Muller, G., Schwermetalle in den sedimenten des Rheins-
VeraÈnderungenseit. Umschau 79:778-783. In: Green-Ruiz, C. &
PaÂez-Osuna, F. 2001). Heavy metal Anomalies in Lagoon Sediments
related to Intensive Agriculture in Altata-Ensenada del PabelloÂn
coastal system (SE Gulf of California). . Environment International,
1979. 26: p. 265-273.
[15] Singh, A.K., S.I. Hasnain, and D.K. Banerjee, Grain Size and
Geochemical Portioning of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Damodar
River- A Tributary of the Lower Ganga, India. Environmental Geology,
2003(39): p. 90-98.
[16] Turekian, K.K. and K.H. Wedepohl, Distribution of the elements in
some major units of the Earth-s crust. Bull. Geol. Soc. America, 1961.
72(2): p. 175-192.
[17] Tomlinson, D.L., et al., Problems in the Assessment of Heavy Metal
Levels in Estuaries and the Formation of a Pollution Index. .
Helgoländer Meeresunters., 1980. 33: p. 566-575.
[18] Lijklema, L., A. Koelmans, and R. Portielje, Water quality impacts of
sediment pollution and the role of early diagenesis. Water Science &
Technology, 1993. 28(8-9): p. 1-12.
[19] Abrahim, G.M.S., R. Parker, and S. Nichol, Distribution and assessment
of sediment toxicity in Tamaki Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand.
Environmental Geology, 2007. 52(7): p. 1315-1323.
[20] Lacerda, L.D., Trace metals biogeochemistry and diffuse pollution in
mangrove ecosystems. ISME. Mangrov. Ecosys. Occasional papers,
1998. 2: p. 1-65.
[21] Ranjan, R.K., et al., Assessment of metal enrichments in tsunamigenic
sediments of Pichavaram mangroves, southeast coast of India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2008. 147(1): p. 389-411.
[22] Shriadah, M., Heavy metals in mangrove sediments of the United Arab
Emirates shoreline (Arabian Gulf). Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1999.
116(3): p. 523-534.
[23] Rahaman, A., et al., Effect of different fertilizers on concentration and
uptake of cadmium by rice plant. Journal of Agricultural Research
(Pakistan), 2007.
[24] Zheng, D.M., et al., Bioaccumulation of total and methyl mercury by
arthropods. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,
2008. 81(1): p. 95-100.
[25] Yasar, D., A. Aksu, and O. Uslu, Anthropogenic Pollution inIzmit Bay:
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Sediments. Turk J Engin
Environ Sci, 2001. 25: p. 299-313.
[26] Fishbein, L., Sources, transport and alterations of metal compounds: an
overview. I. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel.
Environmental health perspectives, 1981. 40: p. 43.
[1] Nobi, E., et al., Geochemical and geo-statistical assessment of heavy
metal concentration in the sediments of different coastal ecosystems of
Andaman Islands, India. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2010.
87(2): p. 253-264.
[2] H├╝bner, R., K.B. Astin, and R.J.H. Herbert, Comparison of sediment
quality guidelines (SQGs) for the assessment of metal contamination in
marine and estuarine environments. J. Environ. Monit., 2009. 11(4): p.
713-722.
[3] Vallejuelo, S.F.-O.d., et al., Risk assessment of trace elements in
sediments: The case of the estuary of the Nerbioi-Ibaizabal River
(Basque Country). Journal of Hazardous Materials 2010(181): p. 565-
573.
[4] Gopinath, A., et al., A baseline study of trace metals in a coral reef
sedimentary environment, Lakshadweep Archipelago. Environmental
Earth Sciences, 2010. 59(6): p. 1245-1266.
[5] Hart, B.T., Uptake of trace metals by sediments and suspended
particulates: a review. Hydrobiologia, 1982. 91(1): p. 299-313.
[6] Förstner, U., et al., Metal pollution in the aquatic environment. 1979.
[7] Silva, N., J. Haro, and R. Prego, Metals background and enrichment in
the Chiloe.Interior Sea sediments (Chile). Is there any segregation
between fjords, channels and sounds? . Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf
Science 2009. 82: p. 467-476.
[8] Birch, G., S. Taylor, and C. Matthai, Small-scale spatial and temporal
variance in the concentration of heavy metals in aquatic sediments: a
review and some new concepts. Environmental Pollution, 2001. 113(3):
p. 357-372.
[9] Chon, H.S., D.G. Ohandja, and N. Voulvoulis, Implementation of EU
Water Framework Directive: source assessment of metallic substances at
catchment levels. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2010. 12(1): p.
36-47.
[10] Sinex, S. and G. Helz, Regional geochemistry of trace elements in
Chesapeake Bay sediments. Environmental Geology, 1981. 3(6): p. 315-
323.
[11] Chong , V.C., et al., The fish and prawn communities of a Malaysian
coastal mangrove system. With comparisons to adjacent mudflats and
inshore waters. Est Coasta Shelf Science, 1990(31): p. 703-722.
[12] van Valine, S.P., and B.J. Morse, Techniques in soil analysis. In
Procedures of Soil Analysis, . ed., van Reeuwijk, L. P.,
Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2003.
[13] Cressie, N., The origins of kriging. Mathematical Geology, 1990. 22(3):
p. 239-252.
[14] Muller, G., Schwermetalle in den sedimenten des Rheins-
VeraÈnderungenseit. Umschau 79:778-783. In: Green-Ruiz, C. &
PaÂez-Osuna, F. 2001). Heavy metal Anomalies in Lagoon Sediments
related to Intensive Agriculture in Altata-Ensenada del PabelloÂn
coastal system (SE Gulf of California). . Environment International,
1979. 26: p. 265-273.
[15] Singh, A.K., S.I. Hasnain, and D.K. Banerjee, Grain Size and
Geochemical Portioning of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Damodar
River- A Tributary of the Lower Ganga, India. Environmental Geology,
2003(39): p. 90-98.
[16] Turekian, K.K. and K.H. Wedepohl, Distribution of the elements in
some major units of the Earth-s crust. Bull. Geol. Soc. America, 1961.
72(2): p. 175-192.
[17] Tomlinson, D.L., et al., Problems in the Assessment of Heavy Metal
Levels in Estuaries and the Formation of a Pollution Index. .
Helgoländer Meeresunters., 1980. 33: p. 566-575.
[18] Lijklema, L., A. Koelmans, and R. Portielje, Water quality impacts of
sediment pollution and the role of early diagenesis. Water Science &
Technology, 1993. 28(8-9): p. 1-12.
[19] Abrahim, G.M.S., R. Parker, and S. Nichol, Distribution and assessment
of sediment toxicity in Tamaki Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand.
Environmental Geology, 2007. 52(7): p. 1315-1323.
[20] Lacerda, L.D., Trace metals biogeochemistry and diffuse pollution in
mangrove ecosystems. ISME. Mangrov. Ecosys. Occasional papers,
1998. 2: p. 1-65.
[21] Ranjan, R.K., et al., Assessment of metal enrichments in tsunamigenic
sediments of Pichavaram mangroves, southeast coast of India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2008. 147(1): p. 389-411.
[22] Shriadah, M., Heavy metals in mangrove sediments of the United Arab
Emirates shoreline (Arabian Gulf). Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1999.
116(3): p. 523-534.
[23] Rahaman, A., et al., Effect of different fertilizers on concentration and
uptake of cadmium by rice plant. Journal of Agricultural Research
(Pakistan), 2007.
[24] Zheng, D.M., et al., Bioaccumulation of total and methyl mercury by
arthropods. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,
2008. 81(1): p. 95-100.
[25] Yasar, D., A. Aksu, and O. Uslu, Anthropogenic Pollution inIzmit Bay:
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Sediments. Turk J Engin
Environ Sci, 2001. 25: p. 299-313.
[26] Fishbein, L., Sources, transport and alterations of metal compounds: an
overview. I. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel.
Environmental health perspectives, 1981. 40: p. 43.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:59998", author = "B.Tavakoly Sany and A. Salleh and A.H .Sulaiman and A. Mehdinia and GH. Monazami", title = "Geochemical Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration in Surface Sediment of West Port, Malaysia", abstract = "One year (November 2009-October 2010) sediment monitoring was used to evaluate pollution status, concentration and distribution of heavy metals (As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in West Port of Malaysia. Sediment sample were collected from nine stations every four months. Geo-accumulation factor and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were estimated to better understand the pollution level in study area. The heavy metal concentration (Mg/g dry weight) were ranged from 20.2 to 162 for As, 7.4 to 27.6 for Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 22.3 to 80 for Pb and 23 to 98.3 for Zn. In general, concentration some metals (As,Cd, Hg and Pb) was higher than background values that are considered as serious concern for aquatic life and the human health.
", keywords = "Heavy metals, Sediment Quality, geo-accumulationindex, Pollution Load Index", volume = "5", number = "8", pages = "453-5", }
