Enhancement of Rice Straw Composting Using UV Induced Mutants of Penicillium Strain
Fungal mutant strains have produced cellulase and
xylanase enzymes, and have induced high hydrolysis with enhanced
of rice straw. The mutants were obtained by exposing Penicillium
strain to UV-light treatments. Screening and selection after treatment
with UV-light were carried out using cellulolytic and xylanolytic
clear zones method to select the hypercellulolytic and
hyperxylanolytic mutants. These mutants were evaluated for their
cellulase and xylanase enzyme production as well as their abilities for
biodegradation of rice straw. The mutant 12 UV/1 produced 306.21%
and 209.91% cellulase and xylanase, respectively, as compared with
the original wild type strain. This mutant showed high capacity of
rice straw degradation. The effectiveness of tested mutant strain and
that of wild strain was compared in relation to enhancing the
composting process of rice straw and animal manures mixture. The
results obtained showed that the compost product of inoculated
mixture with mutant strain (12 UV/1) was the best compared to the
wild strain and un-inoculated mixture. Analysis of the composted
materials showed that the characteristics of the produced compost
were close to those of the high quality standard compost. The results
obtained in the present work suggest that the combination between
rice straw and animal manure could be used for enhancing the
composting process of rice straw and particularly when applied with
fungal decomposer accelerating the composting process.
[1] Sabaa, M. F. and M. F. Sharaf. Egyptian policies for rice development.
Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes, 2000. 40: 25–36.
[2] Schwartz, J., D. Slater, T.V. Larson, W.F. Pierson and J.Q. Koenig,
Particulate air pollution and hospital emergency room visits for asthma
in Seattle. American Rev. Respirable Diseases, 1993. 147: 826–31.
[3] Moussa, M. I. and A. M. Abdelkhalek. Meteorological analysis for black
cloud (Episodes) formation and its monitoring by remote sensing.
Journal of applied sciences research, 2007. 3, 2: 147-154.
[4] Parr, J. F., R. I. Papendick, S. B. Hornick and R. E. Meyer, Soil Quality:
attributes and relationship to alternative and sustainable agriculture.
American J. Altern. Agric., 1992. 7: 5–11.
[5] Hamajima, D., K. Kuroda, Y. Fukumoto and K. Hoga. Effect of addition
of organic waste on reduction of Escherichia coli during cattle faces
composting under high moisture condition. Bioresour. Technol. 2006.
97, 1626-1630.
[6] Rynk, R., On-farm Composting Handbook. Northeast Regional
Agricultural Engineering Service (NRAES-54), Cooperative Extension
Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. 1992.
[7] Montenecourt, B.S. and D.E. Eveleigh. Preparation of mutants of
Trichoderma reesei with enhanced cellulase production. Appl. Environ.
Microbol., 1977. 34: 777-782.
[8] Montenecourt, B.S. and D.E. Eveleigh. Semi- quantitative plate assay
for determination of cellulase production by Trichoderma viride. Appl.
Environ. Microbol., 1977. 33: 178-183.
[9] Morikawa Y.; M. Kawamori; Y. Ado; Y. Shinsha; F. oda and S.
Takasawa. Improvement of cellulose production in Trichoderma reesei.
Agric. Biol. Chem., 1985. 49: 1869-1871.
[10] Brown J.A; D.J. Falconer and T.M. Wood Isolation and properties of
mutants of the fungus Penicillium pinophilum with enhanced cellulase
and ß-glucosidase production Enzyme Miorob. Technol., 1987. 9:169-
175.
[11] Kumar R. and R.P. Sing. Semi-solid-state fermentation of Eicchornia
crassipes biomass lingocellulosic biopolymer for cellulase and ßglucosidase
production by co-cultivation of Aspergillus niger RK3 and
Trichoderma ressei MTCC 164. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 2001. 96:
71-82.
[12] El-Bondkly, A.M.A. (2002). Genetic transformation in Trichoderma
reesei for the improvement of cellulase production. Ph.D., Thesis, Tanta
Univ., Fac. of Agric., Dept. of Genetics, Egypt. 2002.[13] Khattab A. A.; Abd El-Fattah Sh. M. and Fatma, N. Talkhan.
Enhancement of rice straw biodegradation by cellulolytic and
xylanolytic enzymes via improvement of nontoxicogenic fungus
Penicillium sp. Arab Univ. J. Agric. Sci. Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 2004
12: 653-667.
[14] Toyama, H and N. Toyama Successive construction of cellulase
hyperproducers of Trichoderma using hyperploids. Appl. Biochem.
Biotechnol., 2000. 84-86: 419-429.
[15] Ferreira G., Cinthia G. Boer, Rosane M. Peralta. Production of
xylanolytic enzymes by Aspergillus tamarii in solid state fermentation
FEMS Microbiology Letters. 1999. 173, 335^339
[16] Allen, A.L. and R.E Andreotti. Cellulase production in continuous and
fed- batch culture by Trichoderma reesei MCG 80. biotechnol. Bioeng.
Symp.1982. 12:451-459.
[17] Fatma., T.N.; S.A. Dora; A.M. El-Bondkly; A.A. Ismail and S.A. Abd-
Allah. Genetic improvement of Trichoderma reesei for cellulase
enzymes production through mutation breading. Bull., NRC, Egypt,
2003. 28 (4): 509-226.
[18] Veeken A. H. M., Adami F., Nierop K. G. J., de Jager, Hamerlers H. V.
M. Degradation of biomacromolecules during high-rate composting of
wheat straw-amended feces. 2001. 30, 5, 1675-1684.
[19] Abdulla, H. Enhancement of rice straw composting by lignocellulolytic
Actinomycetes strains. International journal of agriculture and biology,
2007, 9, 1, 106-109.
[20] Asad, S. A., A. Bano, M. Farooq, M. Aslam and A. Afzal, Comparative
Study of the Effects of Bio-fertilizers on Nodulation and Yield
Characteristics of Mung Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Int. J. Agric.
Biol., 2004. 6: 837–843.
[21] Mahmoud, Y. I., A. A. Awad and A. A. Alkahal. The feasibility of
composting olive mill solid residues with various agricultural wastes.
International journal of academic research, 2012. 4, 1:158-167.
[1] Sabaa, M. F. and M. F. Sharaf. Egyptian policies for rice development.
Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes, 2000. 40: 25–36.
[2] Schwartz, J., D. Slater, T.V. Larson, W.F. Pierson and J.Q. Koenig,
Particulate air pollution and hospital emergency room visits for asthma
in Seattle. American Rev. Respirable Diseases, 1993. 147: 826–31.
[3] Moussa, M. I. and A. M. Abdelkhalek. Meteorological analysis for black
cloud (Episodes) formation and its monitoring by remote sensing.
Journal of applied sciences research, 2007. 3, 2: 147-154.
[4] Parr, J. F., R. I. Papendick, S. B. Hornick and R. E. Meyer, Soil Quality:
attributes and relationship to alternative and sustainable agriculture.
American J. Altern. Agric., 1992. 7: 5–11.
[5] Hamajima, D., K. Kuroda, Y. Fukumoto and K. Hoga. Effect of addition
of organic waste on reduction of Escherichia coli during cattle faces
composting under high moisture condition. Bioresour. Technol. 2006.
97, 1626-1630.
[6] Rynk, R., On-farm Composting Handbook. Northeast Regional
Agricultural Engineering Service (NRAES-54), Cooperative Extension
Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. 1992.
[7] Montenecourt, B.S. and D.E. Eveleigh. Preparation of mutants of
Trichoderma reesei with enhanced cellulase production. Appl. Environ.
Microbol., 1977. 34: 777-782.
[8] Montenecourt, B.S. and D.E. Eveleigh. Semi- quantitative plate assay
for determination of cellulase production by Trichoderma viride. Appl.
Environ. Microbol., 1977. 33: 178-183.
[9] Morikawa Y.; M. Kawamori; Y. Ado; Y. Shinsha; F. oda and S.
Takasawa. Improvement of cellulose production in Trichoderma reesei.
Agric. Biol. Chem., 1985. 49: 1869-1871.
[10] Brown J.A; D.J. Falconer and T.M. Wood Isolation and properties of
mutants of the fungus Penicillium pinophilum with enhanced cellulase
and ß-glucosidase production Enzyme Miorob. Technol., 1987. 9:169-
175.
[11] Kumar R. and R.P. Sing. Semi-solid-state fermentation of Eicchornia
crassipes biomass lingocellulosic biopolymer for cellulase and ßglucosidase
production by co-cultivation of Aspergillus niger RK3 and
Trichoderma ressei MTCC 164. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 2001. 96:
71-82.
[12] El-Bondkly, A.M.A. (2002). Genetic transformation in Trichoderma
reesei for the improvement of cellulase production. Ph.D., Thesis, Tanta
Univ., Fac. of Agric., Dept. of Genetics, Egypt. 2002.[13] Khattab A. A.; Abd El-Fattah Sh. M. and Fatma, N. Talkhan.
Enhancement of rice straw biodegradation by cellulolytic and
xylanolytic enzymes via improvement of nontoxicogenic fungus
Penicillium sp. Arab Univ. J. Agric. Sci. Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 2004
12: 653-667.
[14] Toyama, H and N. Toyama Successive construction of cellulase
hyperproducers of Trichoderma using hyperploids. Appl. Biochem.
Biotechnol., 2000. 84-86: 419-429.
[15] Ferreira G., Cinthia G. Boer, Rosane M. Peralta. Production of
xylanolytic enzymes by Aspergillus tamarii in solid state fermentation
FEMS Microbiology Letters. 1999. 173, 335^339
[16] Allen, A.L. and R.E Andreotti. Cellulase production in continuous and
fed- batch culture by Trichoderma reesei MCG 80. biotechnol. Bioeng.
Symp.1982. 12:451-459.
[17] Fatma., T.N.; S.A. Dora; A.M. El-Bondkly; A.A. Ismail and S.A. Abd-
Allah. Genetic improvement of Trichoderma reesei for cellulase
enzymes production through mutation breading. Bull., NRC, Egypt,
2003. 28 (4): 509-226.
[18] Veeken A. H. M., Adami F., Nierop K. G. J., de Jager, Hamerlers H. V.
M. Degradation of biomacromolecules during high-rate composting of
wheat straw-amended feces. 2001. 30, 5, 1675-1684.
[19] Abdulla, H. Enhancement of rice straw composting by lignocellulolytic
Actinomycetes strains. International journal of agriculture and biology,
2007, 9, 1, 106-109.
[20] Asad, S. A., A. Bano, M. Farooq, M. Aslam and A. Afzal, Comparative
Study of the Effects of Bio-fertilizers on Nodulation and Yield
Characteristics of Mung Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Int. J. Agric.
Biol., 2004. 6: 837–843.
[21] Mahmoud, Y. I., A. A. Awad and A. A. Alkahal. The feasibility of
composting olive mill solid residues with various agricultural wastes.
International journal of academic research, 2012. 4, 1:158-167.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:69468", author = "T. N. M. El Sebai and A. A.Khattab and Wafaa M. Abd-El Rahim and H. Moawad", title = "Enhancement of Rice Straw Composting Using UV Induced Mutants of Penicillium Strain", abstract = "Fungal mutant strains have produced cellulase and
xylanase enzymes, and have induced high hydrolysis with enhanced
of rice straw. The mutants were obtained by exposing Penicillium
strain to UV-light treatments. Screening and selection after treatment
with UV-light were carried out using cellulolytic and xylanolytic
clear zones method to select the hypercellulolytic and
hyperxylanolytic mutants. These mutants were evaluated for their
cellulase and xylanase enzyme production as well as their abilities for
biodegradation of rice straw. The mutant 12 UV/1 produced 306.21%
and 209.91% cellulase and xylanase, respectively, as compared with
the original wild type strain. This mutant showed high capacity of
rice straw degradation. The effectiveness of tested mutant strain and
that of wild strain was compared in relation to enhancing the
composting process of rice straw and animal manures mixture. The
results obtained showed that the compost product of inoculated
mixture with mutant strain (12 UV/1) was the best compared to the
wild strain and un-inoculated mixture. Analysis of the composted
materials showed that the characteristics of the produced compost
were close to those of the high quality standard compost. The results
obtained in the present work suggest that the combination between
rice straw and animal manure could be used for enhancing the
composting process of rice straw and particularly when applied with
fungal decomposer accelerating the composting process.
", keywords = "Rice straw, composting, UV mutants, Penicillium.", volume = "8", number = "8", pages = "949-5", }
