Energy Efficient Reliable Cooperative Multipath Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
In this paper, a reliable cooperative multipath routing
algorithm is proposed for data forwarding in wireless sensor networks
(WSNs). In this algorithm, data packets are forwarded towards the
base station (BS) through a number of paths, using a set of relay
nodes. In addition, the Rayleigh fading model is used to calculate
the evaluation metric of links. Here, the quality of reliability is
guaranteed by selecting optimal relay set with which the probability
of correct packet reception at the BS will exceed a predefined
threshold. Therefore, the proposed scheme ensures reliable packet
transmission to the BS. Furthermore, in the proposed algorithm,
energy efficiency is achieved by energy balancing (i.e. minimizing
the energy consumption of the bottleneck node of the routing path)
at the same time. This work also demonstrates that the proposed
algorithm outperforms existing algorithms in extending longevity of
the network, with respect to the quality of reliability. Given this, the
obtained results make possible reliable path selection with minimum
energy consumption in real time.
[1] Chipcon, smartrf cc2420, 2.4ghz ieee 802.15.4/zigbee-ready rf
transceiver.
[2] I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci. Wireless
sensor networks: a survey. Computer Networks, 38:393-422, 2002.
[3] D. Braginsky and D. Estri. Rumor routing algorithm for sensor networks.
In Proceedings of the ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor
Networks and Applications, pages 22-31, 2002.
[4] C.-Y. Chong and S. P. Kumar. Sensor networks: Evolution, opportunities
and challenges. Proceedings of IEEE, 91(8):1247-1256, 2003.
[5] D. De Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris. A highthroughput
path metric for multi-hop wireless routing. Wireless Networks,
11(4):419-434, 2005.
[6] Martin Haenggi. Analysis and design of diversity schemes for ad hoc
wireless networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
23(1):19-27, 2005.
[7] W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan. Energyefficient
communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks. In
Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,
pages 1-10, 2000.
[8] W. R. Heinzelman, J. Kulik, and H. Balakrishnan. Adaptive protocols
for information dissemination in wireless sensor networks. In In
Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on
Mobile computing and networking, pages 174-185, 1999.
[9] C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, and D. Estrin. Directed diffusion for
wireless sensor networking. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,
11(1):2-16, 2003.
[10] D. B. Johnson. A routing in ad hoc networks of mobile hosts.
In Proceedings of the Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and
Applications, IEEE Computer Society, pages 158-163, 1994.
[11] S. Lindsey and C. S. Raghavendra. Pegasis: Power efficient gathering
in sensor information systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE Aerospace
Conference, 3:3.1125-3.1130, 2002.
[12] C. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat. Highly dynamic destination-sequenced
distance-vector routing (dsdv) for mobile computers. ACM Conference
on Communications Architectures, Protocols and Applications, SIGCOMM
-94, London, UK, pages 234-244, 1994.
[13] C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector
routing. In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing
Systems and Applications, pages 90-100, 1999.
[14] A. Rogers, D. D. Corkill, and N. R. Jennings. Agent technologies for
sensor networks. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 24(2):13-17, 2009.
[15] G. Treplan, L. Tran-Thanh, A. Olah, and J. Levendovszky. Reliable
and energy aware routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. In
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Software, Telecommunications
and Computer Networks, pages 171-175, 2009.
[16] M. Z. Zamalloa and B. Krishnamachari. An analysis of unreliability and
asymmetry in low-power wireless links. ACM Transactions on Sensor
Networks (TOSN), 3(2):1-34, 2007.
[17] M. Zorzi and R. R. Rao. Geographic random forwarding (geraf) for ad
hoc and sensor networks: Multihop performance. IEEE Transactions on
Mobile Computing, pages 3948-3952, 2003.
[1] Chipcon, smartrf cc2420, 2.4ghz ieee 802.15.4/zigbee-ready rf
transceiver.
[2] I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci. Wireless
sensor networks: a survey. Computer Networks, 38:393-422, 2002.
[3] D. Braginsky and D. Estri. Rumor routing algorithm for sensor networks.
In Proceedings of the ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor
Networks and Applications, pages 22-31, 2002.
[4] C.-Y. Chong and S. P. Kumar. Sensor networks: Evolution, opportunities
and challenges. Proceedings of IEEE, 91(8):1247-1256, 2003.
[5] D. De Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris. A highthroughput
path metric for multi-hop wireless routing. Wireless Networks,
11(4):419-434, 2005.
[6] Martin Haenggi. Analysis and design of diversity schemes for ad hoc
wireless networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
23(1):19-27, 2005.
[7] W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan. Energyefficient
communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks. In
Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,
pages 1-10, 2000.
[8] W. R. Heinzelman, J. Kulik, and H. Balakrishnan. Adaptive protocols
for information dissemination in wireless sensor networks. In In
Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on
Mobile computing and networking, pages 174-185, 1999.
[9] C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, and D. Estrin. Directed diffusion for
wireless sensor networking. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,
11(1):2-16, 2003.
[10] D. B. Johnson. A routing in ad hoc networks of mobile hosts.
In Proceedings of the Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and
Applications, IEEE Computer Society, pages 158-163, 1994.
[11] S. Lindsey and C. S. Raghavendra. Pegasis: Power efficient gathering
in sensor information systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE Aerospace
Conference, 3:3.1125-3.1130, 2002.
[12] C. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat. Highly dynamic destination-sequenced
distance-vector routing (dsdv) for mobile computers. ACM Conference
on Communications Architectures, Protocols and Applications, SIGCOMM
-94, London, UK, pages 234-244, 1994.
[13] C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector
routing. In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing
Systems and Applications, pages 90-100, 1999.
[14] A. Rogers, D. D. Corkill, and N. R. Jennings. Agent technologies for
sensor networks. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 24(2):13-17, 2009.
[15] G. Treplan, L. Tran-Thanh, A. Olah, and J. Levendovszky. Reliable
and energy aware routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. In
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Software, Telecommunications
and Computer Networks, pages 171-175, 2009.
[16] M. Z. Zamalloa and B. Krishnamachari. An analysis of unreliability and
asymmetry in low-power wireless links. ACM Transactions on Sensor
Networks (TOSN), 3(2):1-34, 2007.
[17] M. Zorzi and R. R. Rao. Geographic random forwarding (geraf) for ad
hoc and sensor networks: Multihop performance. IEEE Transactions on
Mobile Computing, pages 3948-3952, 2003.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:56687", author = "Gergely Treplan and Long Tran-Thanh and Janos Levendovszky", title = "Energy Efficient Reliable Cooperative Multipath Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks", abstract = "In this paper, a reliable cooperative multipath routing
algorithm is proposed for data forwarding in wireless sensor networks
(WSNs). In this algorithm, data packets are forwarded towards the
base station (BS) through a number of paths, using a set of relay
nodes. In addition, the Rayleigh fading model is used to calculate
the evaluation metric of links. Here, the quality of reliability is
guaranteed by selecting optimal relay set with which the probability
of correct packet reception at the BS will exceed a predefined
threshold. Therefore, the proposed scheme ensures reliable packet
transmission to the BS. Furthermore, in the proposed algorithm,
energy efficiency is achieved by energy balancing (i.e. minimizing
the energy consumption of the bottleneck node of the routing path)
at the same time. This work also demonstrates that the proposed
algorithm outperforms existing algorithms in extending longevity of
the network, with respect to the quality of reliability. Given this, the
obtained results make possible reliable path selection with minimum
energy consumption in real time.", keywords = "wireless sensor networks, reliability, cooperativerouting, Rayleigh fading model, energy balancing", volume = "4", number = "8", pages = "1172-6", }
