Effects of LED Lighting on Visual Comfort with Respect to the Reading Task
Lighting systems in interior architecture need to be designed according to the function of the space, the type of task within the space, user comfort and needs. Desired and comfortable lighting levels increase task efficiency. When natural lighting is inadequate in a space, artificial lighting is additionally used to support the level of light. With the technological developments, the characteristics of light are being researched comprehensively and several business segments have focused on its qualitative and quantitative characteristics. These studies have increased awareness and usage of artificial lighting systems and researchers have investigated the effects of lighting on physical and psychological aspects of human in various ways. The aim of this study is to research the effects of illuminance levels of LED lighting on user visual comfort. Eighty participants from the Department of Interior Architecture of Çankaya University participated in three lighting scenarios consisting of 200 lux, 500 lux and 800 lux that are created with LED lighting. Each lighting scenario is evaluated according to six visual comfort criteria in which a reading task is performed. The results of the study indicated that LED lighting with three different illuminance levels affect visual comfort in different ways. The results are limited to the participants and questions that are attended and used in this study.
[1] Smolders, K.C.H.J., de Kort, Y.A.W. & van den Berg, S.M. (2013). Daytime light exposure and feelings of vitality: Results of a field study during regular weekdays. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 270-279.
[2] Gümüş, B., Aykal, F.D. & Murt, Ö. (2005). Tasarım stüdyolarının görsel konfor açısından değerlendirilmesi. 3. Ulusal Aydınlatma Sempozyumu ve Sergisi Bildirisi, 117-124.
[3] Borisuit, A., Linhart, F., Scartezzini, J.L. & Münch, M. (2015). Effects of realistic daylighting and electric lighting conditions on visual comfort, alertness and mood. Lighting Research and Technology, 47, 192-209.
[4] Bellia, L., Bisegna, F. & Spada, G. (2011). Lighting in indoor environments: Visual and non-visual effects of light sources with different spectral power distributions. Building and Envrionment, 46, 1987-1992.
[5] Shen, I.H., Shieh, K.K., Chao, C.Y. & Lee, D.S. (2009). Lighting, font style, and polarity on visual performance and visual fatigue with electronic paper displays. Displays, 30, 53-58.
[6] Recommended Light Levels. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.noao.edu/education/QLTkit/ACTIVITY_Documents/Safety/LightLevels_outdoor+indoor.pdf
[7] Avcı, A.N. & Memikoğlu, İ. (2016). Aydınlık düzeylerinin kullanıcı memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisi. 2. Ulusal Yapı Fiziği ve Çevre Kontrolü Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 83-94.
[8] En Az Aydınlık Düzeyleri Tablosu. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.emo.org.tr/ekler/2cf8d98dca2b9de_ek.xls?tipi=34
[9] Hawes, B.K., Brunye, T.T., Mahoney, C.R., Sullivan, J.M. & Aal, C.D. (2012). Effects of four workplace lighting technologies on perception, cognition and affective state. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 42, 122-128.
[10] Cohen, F.B., Martinsons, C., Vienot, F., Zissis, G., Salsi, A.B., Cesarini, J.P., Attia, D. (2011). Light-emitting diodes (LED) for domestic lighting: Any risks for the eye? Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 30, 239-257.
[11] Loe, D. (2016). Light, vision and illumination: The interaction revisited. Lighting Research and Technology, 48, 176-189.
[12] Wang, Q., Haisong, X., Gong, R. & Cai, J. (2015). Investigation of visual fatigue under LED lighting based on reading task. Optics, 126, 1433-1438.
[13] Iacomussi, P., Radis, M., Rossi, G., Rossi, L. (2015) Visual comfort with LED lighting. 6th International Building Physics Conference, 78, 729-734.
[14] Ferlazzo, F., Piccardi, L., Burattini, C., Barbalace, M., Giannini, A.M. & Bisegna, F. (2014). Effects of new light sources on task switching and mental rotation performance. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 39, 92-100.
[15] Bommel, W.J.M. & Beld, G.J. (2004). Lighting for work: A review of visual and biological effects. Lighting Research and Technology, 36 (4), 255-269.
[16] Smolders, K.C.H.J., de Kort, Y.A.W. & Cluitmans, P.J.M. (2012). A higher illuminance induces alertness even during office hours: Findings on subjective measures, task performance and heart rate measures. Physiology & Behavior, 107, 7-16.
[17] Sivaji, A., Shopian, S., Nor, Z.M., Chuan, N.K. & Bahri, S. (2013). Lighting does matter: Preliminary assessment on office workers, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 97, 638-647.
[18] Fortunati, L. & Vincent, J. (2014). Sociological insights on the comparison of writing/reading on paper with writing/reading digitally. Telematics and Informatics, 32, 39-51.
[19] Lee, D.S., Shieh, K.K., Jeng, S.C. & Shen I.H. (2008). Effect of character size and lighting on legiblity of electronic papers. Displays, 29, 10-17
[20] Chang, P.C., Chou, S.Y. & Shieh, K.K. (2013). Reading performance and visual fatigue when using electronic paper displays in long-duration reading tasks under various lighting conditions. Displays, 34, 208-214.
[1] Smolders, K.C.H.J., de Kort, Y.A.W. & van den Berg, S.M. (2013). Daytime light exposure and feelings of vitality: Results of a field study during regular weekdays. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 270-279.
[2] Gümüş, B., Aykal, F.D. & Murt, Ö. (2005). Tasarım stüdyolarının görsel konfor açısından değerlendirilmesi. 3. Ulusal Aydınlatma Sempozyumu ve Sergisi Bildirisi, 117-124.
[3] Borisuit, A., Linhart, F., Scartezzini, J.L. & Münch, M. (2015). Effects of realistic daylighting and electric lighting conditions on visual comfort, alertness and mood. Lighting Research and Technology, 47, 192-209.
[4] Bellia, L., Bisegna, F. & Spada, G. (2011). Lighting in indoor environments: Visual and non-visual effects of light sources with different spectral power distributions. Building and Envrionment, 46, 1987-1992.
[5] Shen, I.H., Shieh, K.K., Chao, C.Y. & Lee, D.S. (2009). Lighting, font style, and polarity on visual performance and visual fatigue with electronic paper displays. Displays, 30, 53-58.
[6] Recommended Light Levels. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.noao.edu/education/QLTkit/ACTIVITY_Documents/Safety/LightLevels_outdoor+indoor.pdf
[7] Avcı, A.N. & Memikoğlu, İ. (2016). Aydınlık düzeylerinin kullanıcı memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisi. 2. Ulusal Yapı Fiziği ve Çevre Kontrolü Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 83-94.
[8] En Az Aydınlık Düzeyleri Tablosu. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.emo.org.tr/ekler/2cf8d98dca2b9de_ek.xls?tipi=34
[9] Hawes, B.K., Brunye, T.T., Mahoney, C.R., Sullivan, J.M. & Aal, C.D. (2012). Effects of four workplace lighting technologies on perception, cognition and affective state. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 42, 122-128.
[10] Cohen, F.B., Martinsons, C., Vienot, F., Zissis, G., Salsi, A.B., Cesarini, J.P., Attia, D. (2011). Light-emitting diodes (LED) for domestic lighting: Any risks for the eye? Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 30, 239-257.
[11] Loe, D. (2016). Light, vision and illumination: The interaction revisited. Lighting Research and Technology, 48, 176-189.
[12] Wang, Q., Haisong, X., Gong, R. & Cai, J. (2015). Investigation of visual fatigue under LED lighting based on reading task. Optics, 126, 1433-1438.
[13] Iacomussi, P., Radis, M., Rossi, G., Rossi, L. (2015) Visual comfort with LED lighting. 6th International Building Physics Conference, 78, 729-734.
[14] Ferlazzo, F., Piccardi, L., Burattini, C., Barbalace, M., Giannini, A.M. & Bisegna, F. (2014). Effects of new light sources on task switching and mental rotation performance. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 39, 92-100.
[15] Bommel, W.J.M. & Beld, G.J. (2004). Lighting for work: A review of visual and biological effects. Lighting Research and Technology, 36 (4), 255-269.
[16] Smolders, K.C.H.J., de Kort, Y.A.W. & Cluitmans, P.J.M. (2012). A higher illuminance induces alertness even during office hours: Findings on subjective measures, task performance and heart rate measures. Physiology & Behavior, 107, 7-16.
[17] Sivaji, A., Shopian, S., Nor, Z.M., Chuan, N.K. & Bahri, S. (2013). Lighting does matter: Preliminary assessment on office workers, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 97, 638-647.
[18] Fortunati, L. & Vincent, J. (2014). Sociological insights on the comparison of writing/reading on paper with writing/reading digitally. Telematics and Informatics, 32, 39-51.
[19] Lee, D.S., Shieh, K.K., Jeng, S.C. & Shen I.H. (2008). Effect of character size and lighting on legiblity of electronic papers. Displays, 29, 10-17
[20] Chang, P.C., Chou, S.Y. & Shieh, K.K. (2013). Reading performance and visual fatigue when using electronic paper displays in long-duration reading tasks under various lighting conditions. Displays, 34, 208-214.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:76381", author = "Ayşe Nihan Avcı and İpek Memikoğlu", title = "Effects of LED Lighting on Visual Comfort with Respect to the Reading Task", abstract = "Lighting systems in interior architecture need to be designed according to the function of the space, the type of task within the space, user comfort and needs. Desired and comfortable lighting levels increase task efficiency. When natural lighting is inadequate in a space, artificial lighting is additionally used to support the level of light. With the technological developments, the characteristics of light are being researched comprehensively and several business segments have focused on its qualitative and quantitative characteristics. These studies have increased awareness and usage of artificial lighting systems and researchers have investigated the effects of lighting on physical and psychological aspects of human in various ways. The aim of this study is to research the effects of illuminance levels of LED lighting on user visual comfort. Eighty participants from the Department of Interior Architecture of Çankaya University participated in three lighting scenarios consisting of 200 lux, 500 lux and 800 lux that are created with LED lighting. Each lighting scenario is evaluated according to six visual comfort criteria in which a reading task is performed. The results of the study indicated that LED lighting with three different illuminance levels affect visual comfort in different ways. The results are limited to the participants and questions that are attended and used in this study.
", keywords = "Illuminance levels, LED lighting, reading task, visual comfort criteria.", volume = "11", number = "8", pages = "974-5", }
