Effects of Entomopathogenic Nematodes on Suppressing Hairy Rose Beetle, Tropinota squalida Scop. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Population in Cauliflower Field in Egypt
The potential of entomopathogenic nematodes in suppressing T. squalida population on cauliflower from transplanting to harvest was evaluated. Significant reductions in plant infestation percentage and population density (/m2) were recorded throughout the plantation seasons, 2011 and 2012 before and after spraying the plants. The percent reduction in numbers/m2 was the highest in March for the treatments with Heterorhabditis indica Behera and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Giza during the plantation season 2011, while at the plantation season 2012, the reduction in population density was the highest in January for Heterorhabditis Indica Behera and in February for H . bacteriophora Giza treatments. In a comparison test with conventional insecticides Hostathion and Lannate, there were no significant differences in control measures resulting from treatments with H. indica Behera, H. bacteriophora Giza and Lannate. At the plantation season is 2012. Also, the treatments reduced the economic threshold of T. squalida on cauliflower in this experiment as compared with before and after spraying with both the two entomopathogenic nematodes at both seasons 2011 and 2012. This means an increase in the marketability of heads harvested as a consequence of monthly treatments.
<p>[1] Rezk G. N.; Hakel A. M.; Emam, A.K.; Hanafy H. W. M". Ecological
Studies on three Scarabaeid beetles, Tropinota squalida Scop. Pachnoda
fasciata F. and Potosia cuprea F." Annals of Agri. Sci. Vol. (1): 201 –
211, 1998.
[2] El-Minshawy L. I.; Karam H. Hedeya H.: Hafez, M. B. "Control of the
pubescent rose chafer, Tropinota squalida Scop. (Col: Scarabaeidae)
using colored pan traps in fruit orchards in Nobaria District". 3rd Nat
Conf. of Pests and Dis. of Veg, & fruits in Egypt and Arab Count.
Ismailia, Egypt: 585 – 591, 1989.
[3] Farouk M. S. "Studies on some ecological and biological aspects of the
hairy rose beetle, Tropinota squalida Scop.”M.Sc. Faculty of Agrii. Al-
Azhar University 180 pp, 1992.
[4] Schmera D.; Toth M.; Subchev M. ; Sredkov I .; Szarukan I.; Jermy T.;
Szentesti A. " Importance of visual and chemical cues in the
development of an attractant trap for Epicometis ( Tropinota ) hirta Poda
(Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae)”. Crop Protection .Vol. 23 ( 10 ): 939 – 944,
2004.
[5] Poinar Jr., G. O. "Biology and Taxonomy of Steinernematidae and
Heterorhabditidae" p: 23- 61, (Gaugler R.; Kaya H.K. Eds.)
Entomopathogenic nematodes in Biological control. CRC Press Boca
Raton, FL. 1990.
[6] Villani M. G.; Wright R. J. "Entomopathogenic nematodes as biological
control agent of European chafer and Japanese beetle (Coleoptera:
Scarabaeidae) larvae infesting turf grass". J.Econ.Entomol. 81: 484 –
487, 1988.
[7] Shapiro- Ilan D. I.; Mizell R. F.; Campbell J.F. "Susceptibility of the
plum Curculio, Conotrachelus to entomopathogenic nematodes" J.
Nematology 34: 246 – 249, 2002.
[8] Kaya H.K.; Stock P. "Techniques in insect Nematology" PP281 – 324,
1997.
[9] Homonnay F.; Homonnayne- Csehi E ".Cserebogarak-Melolonthidae :In
" A Noveny vedelmi Allattan Kezikonve " (Jermy T. ; Balazas K. Eds.)
(Hanbook of Plant Protection Zoology). III/ A. Akademiai Kiad 6,
Budapest. pp. 156 – 215. (In Hungarian). In" Mannual of Techniques in
Insect Pathology"(Lacey L.A. Ed.). Academic Press, San Diego, USA,
1990.
[10] Gotz, P., Boman, A., Boman, H. G. "Interaction between insect
immunity and an insect pathogenic nematode with symbiotic bacteria".
Proc. R. Lond. Soc. 212: 333 – 350, 1981.
[11] Dunphy G. B., Thurston, G. S. “Insect immunity." PP. 301 – 323. In:
"Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control". "(R.Gaugler and
H.K.Kaya, eds.), CRC,Boca Raton ,FL, 1990.
[12] Ensign J. C.; Bowen D. J. ; Tenor J. L.; Ciche T. A. ; Petell J. K.;
Strickland J. A.; Orr G. L.; Fatig R. O.; Bintrim S. B. ; French-Constant
R.H. "Proteins from the genus Xenorhabdus are toxic to insects on oral
exposure" US Patent Application No. 0147148 A1, 2002.
[13] Forschler B. T.; Gardner W.A." Field efficacy and persistence of
entomopathogenic nematodes in the management of white grubs
(Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) in turf and pasture". J. Econ. Entomol.
84:1454 -1459, 1991.
[14] Georges R.; Gaugler R. "Predictability in biological control is using
entomopathogenic nematodes" .J. Econ. Entomol. 81: 1033 – 1039,
1991.
[15] Klein M. G.; Georges R. "Persistence of control of Japanese beetle
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae with Stienernematid and
heterorhabditid nematodes”. J. Econ. Entomol. 85: 727 – 730, 1992.</p>
<p>[1] Rezk G. N.; Hakel A. M.; Emam, A.K.; Hanafy H. W. M". Ecological
Studies on three Scarabaeid beetles, Tropinota squalida Scop. Pachnoda
fasciata F. and Potosia cuprea F." Annals of Agri. Sci. Vol. (1): 201 –
211, 1998.
[2] El-Minshawy L. I.; Karam H. Hedeya H.: Hafez, M. B. "Control of the
pubescent rose chafer, Tropinota squalida Scop. (Col: Scarabaeidae)
using colored pan traps in fruit orchards in Nobaria District". 3rd Nat
Conf. of Pests and Dis. of Veg, & fruits in Egypt and Arab Count.
Ismailia, Egypt: 585 – 591, 1989.
[3] Farouk M. S. "Studies on some ecological and biological aspects of the
hairy rose beetle, Tropinota squalida Scop.”M.Sc. Faculty of Agrii. Al-
Azhar University 180 pp, 1992.
[4] Schmera D.; Toth M.; Subchev M. ; Sredkov I .; Szarukan I.; Jermy T.;
Szentesti A. " Importance of visual and chemical cues in the
development of an attractant trap for Epicometis ( Tropinota ) hirta Poda
(Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae)”. Crop Protection .Vol. 23 ( 10 ): 939 – 944,
2004.
[5] Poinar Jr., G. O. "Biology and Taxonomy of Steinernematidae and
Heterorhabditidae" p: 23- 61, (Gaugler R.; Kaya H.K. Eds.)
Entomopathogenic nematodes in Biological control. CRC Press Boca
Raton, FL. 1990.
[6] Villani M. G.; Wright R. J. "Entomopathogenic nematodes as biological
control agent of European chafer and Japanese beetle (Coleoptera:
Scarabaeidae) larvae infesting turf grass". J.Econ.Entomol. 81: 484 –
487, 1988.
[7] Shapiro- Ilan D. I.; Mizell R. F.; Campbell J.F. "Susceptibility of the
plum Curculio, Conotrachelus to entomopathogenic nematodes" J.
Nematology 34: 246 – 249, 2002.
[8] Kaya H.K.; Stock P. "Techniques in insect Nematology" PP281 – 324,
1997.
[9] Homonnay F.; Homonnayne- Csehi E ".Cserebogarak-Melolonthidae :In
" A Noveny vedelmi Allattan Kezikonve " (Jermy T. ; Balazas K. Eds.)
(Hanbook of Plant Protection Zoology). III/ A. Akademiai Kiad 6,
Budapest. pp. 156 – 215. (In Hungarian). In" Mannual of Techniques in
Insect Pathology"(Lacey L.A. Ed.). Academic Press, San Diego, USA,
1990.
[10] Gotz, P., Boman, A., Boman, H. G. "Interaction between insect
immunity and an insect pathogenic nematode with symbiotic bacteria".
Proc. R. Lond. Soc. 212: 333 – 350, 1981.
[11] Dunphy G. B., Thurston, G. S. “Insect immunity." PP. 301 – 323. In:
"Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control". "(R.Gaugler and
H.K.Kaya, eds.), CRC,Boca Raton ,FL, 1990.
[12] Ensign J. C.; Bowen D. J. ; Tenor J. L.; Ciche T. A. ; Petell J. K.;
Strickland J. A.; Orr G. L.; Fatig R. O.; Bintrim S. B. ; French-Constant
R.H. "Proteins from the genus Xenorhabdus are toxic to insects on oral
exposure" US Patent Application No. 0147148 A1, 2002.
[13] Forschler B. T.; Gardner W.A." Field efficacy and persistence of
entomopathogenic nematodes in the management of white grubs
(Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) in turf and pasture". J. Econ. Entomol.
84:1454 -1459, 1991.
[14] Georges R.; Gaugler R. "Predictability in biological control is using
entomopathogenic nematodes" .J. Econ. Entomol. 81: 1033 – 1039,
1991.
[15] Klein M. G.; Georges R. "Persistence of control of Japanese beetle
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae with Stienernematid and
heterorhabditid nematodes”. J. Econ. Entomol. 85: 727 – 730, 1992.</p>
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:61807", author = "A. S. Abdel-Razek and M. M. M. Abd-Elgawad", title = "Effects of Entomopathogenic Nematodes on Suppressing Hairy Rose Beetle, Tropinota squalida Scop. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Population in Cauliflower Field in Egypt", abstract = "The potential of entomopathogenic nematodes in suppressing T. squalida population on cauliflower from transplanting to harvest was evaluated. Significant reductions in plant infestation percentage and population density (/m2) were recorded throughout the plantation seasons, 2011 and 2012 before and after spraying the plants. The percent reduction in numbers/m2 was the highest in March for the treatments with Heterorhabditis indica Behera and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Giza during the plantation season 2011, while at the plantation season 2012, the reduction in population density was the highest in January for Heterorhabditis Indica Behera and in February for H . bacteriophora Giza treatments. In a comparison test with conventional insecticides Hostathion and Lannate, there were no significant differences in control measures resulting from treatments with H. indica Behera, H. bacteriophora Giza and Lannate. At the plantation season is 2012. Also, the treatments reduced the economic threshold of T. squalida on cauliflower in this experiment as compared with before and after spraying with both the two entomopathogenic nematodes at both seasons 2011 and 2012. This means an increase in the marketability of heads harvested as a consequence of monthly treatments.
", keywords = "Cruciferous plants, chemical insecticides, microbial
control, Scarabiead beetles, seasonal monitoring.", volume = "7", number = "7", pages = "694-5", }
