Effect of Dietary Chromium Yeast on Thigh Meat Quality of Broiler Chicks in Heat Stress Condition
This experiment was conducted to investigate the
effect of different levels of dietary chromium yeast (Cr-yeast) on
thigh meat quality of broiler chicks reared under heat stress
condition. Two hundred and forty Ross male chickens in heat stress
condition (33±3°C) were allocated to five treatments in a completely
randomized design. Treatments were supplemented with 0 (control),
200, 400, 800 and 1200 μg kg-1 Cr in the form of Cr yeast. Twelve
chicks from each treatment were slaughtered at 42 d, to evaluate
moisture, protein, lipid, pH and lipid oxidation of thigh meat.
Protein, moisture, lipid and pH of thigh meat were not affected by
supplemental Cr. Thigh meat lipid tended to decrease in broilers
received 1200 μg kg-1. Storage time increased lipid oxidation of
meat (P<0.01). Lipid oxidation of thigh muscle for two days of
storage were affected by supplemental Cr and decreased (P<0.05).
Results of this study showed that dietary Cr-yeast supplementation
improved the thigh meat quality of broiler chicks in heat stress
condition.
[1] M. O. Smith, and G. Teeter, "Influence of feed intake and ambient
temperature stress on the relative yield of broiler parts," Nutr. Reports
Int., vol. 35, pp. 299-306, 1987.
[2] M. A. R. Howlinder, and S. P. Rose, "Rearing temperature and the meat
yield of broilers," Br. Poult. Sci., vol. 30, pp. 61-67, 1989.
[3] M. Aksit, S. Yalcin, S. Ozkan, K. Metin and D. Ozdemir, "Effects of
temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat
quality of broilers," Poult. Sci., vol. 85, pp. 1867-1874, 2006.
[4] S. Yalcin, A. Onenc, S. Ozkan, H. C. Guler and P. B. Siegel, "Meat
quality of heat stressed broilers: Effects of thermal conditioning at preand
-postnatal stages," in: Proc. 17th European Symposium. Quality of
Poultry Meat, The Netherlands, 2005, pp. 265.
[5] R. Yunis, and A. Cahaner, "The effects of naked neck (Na) and frizzle
(F) genes on growth and meat yields of broilers and their interactions
with ambient temperatures and potential growth rate," Poult. Sci., vol.
78, pp. 1347-1352, 1999.
[6] National Research Council, The Role of Chromium in Animal Nutrition.
National Academy Press, CA: Washington, DC, 1997.
[7] R. A. Anderson, and A. S. Kozlovsky, "Chromium intake, absorption
and excretion of subjects consuming self-selected diets," Am. J. Clin.
Nutr., vol. 41, pp. 1777, 1985.
[8] M. F. McCarty, "Homologous physiological effects of phenformin and
chromium picolinate," Medical Hypotheses., vol. 41, pp. 316-324, 1993.
[9] H. Ohba, Y. Suzuki and H. Ohba, "Enhancement of ribonucleic acid
synthesis by chromium (III)-bound chromatin," J. Inorg. Biochem., vol.
27, pp. 179-188, 1986.
[10] J. S. Borel, T. C. Majerus, M. M. Polansky, P. B. Mozer and R. A.
Anderson, "Chromium intake and urinary Cr excretion of trauma
patients," Biol. Trace. Element Res., vol. 6, pp. 317-326, 1984.
[11] R. A. Anderson, N. A. Bryden, M. M. Polansky, and P. A. Deuster,
"Exercise effects on chromium excretion of trained and untrained men
consuming a constant diet," J. Appl. Physiol., vol. 64, pp. 249-252,
1988.
[12] J. L. Amatya, S. Haldar and K. Ghosh, "Effect of chromium
supplementation from inorganic and organic sources on nutrient
utilization, mineral metabolism and meat quality in broiler chicks
exposed to natural heat stress," Anim. Sci., vol. 97, pp. 241-253, 2004.
[13] S. Samanta, S. Haldar, V. Bahadur and T. K. Ghosh, "Chromium
picolinate can ameliorate the negative effects of heat stress and enhance
performance, carcass and meat traits in broiler chickens by reducing the
circulatory cortisol level," J. Sci. Food Agric., vol. 88, pp. 787-796,
2008.
[14] T. L. Ward, L. L. Southern and S. L. Boleman, "Effect of dietary
chromium picolinate on growth, nitrogen balance and body composition
of growing broiler chicks," Poult. Sci., vol. 72 (supp. 1): 37(Abstr.).
1993.
[15] B. Debski, W. Zalewski, M. A. Gralak and T. Kosla, "Chromium yeast
supplementation of broilers in an industrial farming system," J. Trace
Element Medicine Biol., vol. 18, pp. 47-51, 2004.
[16] K. Sahin, N. Sahin, M. Onderci, F. Gursu and G. Cikim, "Optimal
dietary concentration of chromium for alleviating the effect of heat stress
on growth, carcass qualities and some serum metabolites of broiler
chickens," Biol. Trace Element Res., vol. 89, pp. 53-64, 2002.
[17] National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev.
ed. National Academy Press, CA: Washington, DC, 1994.
[18] AOAC, Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official
Analytical Chemists, CA: Arlington, Virginia. 1990.
[19] H. Korkeala, O. Maki-Petais, T. Alanko and O. Sorvettula,
"Determination of pH in meat," Meat. Sci., vol. 18, pp. 21-125, 1986.
[20] E. D. Strange, R. C. Benedict, J. L. Smith and C. E. Swift, "Evaluation
of rapid tests for monitoring alterations in meat quality during storage,"
I. Intact meat. J. Food Protec., vol. 40, pp. 843-847, 1977.
[21] SAS Institute Inc, SAS/STAT User's Guide: Version 6.06th ed. SAS
Institute Inc, Cary, CA: North Carolina, 1997.
[22] K. W. Mooney, and G. L. Cromwel, "Efficacy of chromium picolinate
and chromium chloride as potential carcass modifiers in swine," J. Anim.
Sci., vol. 75, pp. 2661-2671, 1997.
[23] Y. H. Kim, I. K. Han, Y. J. Choi, I. S. Shin, B. J. Chae and T. H. Kang,
"Effects of dietary levels of chromium picolinate on growth performance
carcass quality and serum traits in broiler chicks," Asian-Aust J. Anim.
Sci., vol. 9, pp. 341-347, 1996.
[24] J. K. Min, W. Y. Kim, B. J. Chae, I. B. Chung, I. S. Shin, Y. J. Choi and
K. Han, "Effect of chromium picolinate on growth performance, carcass
characteristics and serum traits in growing-finishing pigs," Asian-Aust J.
Anim. Sci., vol. 10, pp. 8-14, 1997.
[25] B. Lambert, and C. Jacquemin, "Inhibition of epinephrine induced
lipolysis in isolated white adipocytes of aging rabbits by increased
alpha-adrenergic responsiveness," J. Lipid Res., vol. 20, pp. 208-216,
1979.
[26] M. Sakhari, M. K. Jeacock and D. A. Shepherd, "Regulation of
intracellular protein degradation in the isolated perfused liver of the
chicken (Gallus domesticus)," Comp. Biochem. Physiol., vol. 101, pp.
17-21, 1992.
[27] M. J. Duclos, B. Chevalier, C. Goddard and J. Simon, "Regulation of
amino acid transport and protein metabolism in myotubes derived from
chicken muscle satellite cells by insulin-like growth factor-I," J. Cell
Physiol., vol. 157, pp. 650-657, 1993.
[28] K. Bigot, M. Taouis and S. Tesseraund, "Refeeding and insulin regulate
S6K1 activity in chicken skeletal muscles," J. Nutr., vol. 133, pp. 369-
373, 2003.
[29] T. G. Page, L. L. Southern, T. L. Ward and D. L. Thompson, "Effect of
chromium picolinate on growth and serum and carcass traits of growingfinishing
pigs," J. Anim. Sci., vol. 71, pp. 65, 1993.
[30] J. O. Matthews, A. C. Guzik, F. M. Le Mieux, L. L. Southern and T. D.
Bidner, "Effects of chromium propionate on growth, carcass traits, and
pork quality of growing-finishing pigs," J. Anim. Sci., vol. 83, pp. 858-
862, 2005.
[31] J. O. Matthews, A. D. Higbie, L. L. Southern, D. F. Coombs, T. D.
Bidner and R. L. Odgaard, "Effect of chromium propionate and
metabolizable energy on growth, carcass traits, and pork quality of
growing-finishing pigs," J. Anim. Sci., vol. 81, pp. 191-196, 2003.
[32] D. J. Buckley, P. A. Morrissey and J. I. Gray, "Influence of dietary
vitamin E on the oxidative stability and quality of pig meat," J. Anim.
Sci., vol. 73, pp. 3122-3130, 1995.
[33] C. Lauridsen, D. J. Buckley and P. A. Morrissey, "Influence of dietary
fat and vitamin E supplementation on a-tocopherol levels and fatty acid
profiles in chicken muscle membranal fractions and on susceptibility to
lipid peroxidation," Meat Sci., vol. 46, pp. 9-22, 1997.
[34] W. Mertz, "Chromium in human nutrition: A review," J. Nutr., vol. 123,
pp. 626-633, 1993.
[35] D. D. Gallaher, A. S. Csallany, D. W. Shoeman and J. M. Olson,
"Diabetes increases excretion of urinary malondehyde conjugates in
rats," Lipids, vol. 28, pp. 663-666, 1993.
[36] H. G. Preuss, P. L. Grojec, S. Lieberman and R. A. Anderson, "Effects
of different chromium compounds on blood pressure and lipid
peroxidation in spontaneously hypertensive rats," Clin. Nephrol., vol.
47, pp. 325-330, 1997.
[37] K. C. Klasing, Comparative Avian Nutrition. University Press, CA:
Cambridge, pp. 277-299, 1993.
[38] K. Sahin, N. Sahin and O. Kucuka, "Effects of chromium and ascorbic
acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and
antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high ambient
temperature," Nutr. Res., vol. 23, pp. 225-238, 2003.
[39] R. A. Anderson, A. M. Roussel, N. Zouari, S. Majhoub, J. M. Matheau
and A. Kerkeni, "Potential antioxidant effects of zinc and chromium
supplementation in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus," J. Am. College
Nutr., vol. 20, pp. 212-218, 2001.
[40] N. Sahin, K. Sahin, M. Onderci, M. Ozcelik and M. O. Smith, "In vivo
antioxidant properties of vitamin E and chromium in cold-stress
Japanese quails," Arch. Anim. Nutr., vol. 57, pp. 207-215, 2003.
[1] M. O. Smith, and G. Teeter, "Influence of feed intake and ambient
temperature stress on the relative yield of broiler parts," Nutr. Reports
Int., vol. 35, pp. 299-306, 1987.
[2] M. A. R. Howlinder, and S. P. Rose, "Rearing temperature and the meat
yield of broilers," Br. Poult. Sci., vol. 30, pp. 61-67, 1989.
[3] M. Aksit, S. Yalcin, S. Ozkan, K. Metin and D. Ozdemir, "Effects of
temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat
quality of broilers," Poult. Sci., vol. 85, pp. 1867-1874, 2006.
[4] S. Yalcin, A. Onenc, S. Ozkan, H. C. Guler and P. B. Siegel, "Meat
quality of heat stressed broilers: Effects of thermal conditioning at preand
-postnatal stages," in: Proc. 17th European Symposium. Quality of
Poultry Meat, The Netherlands, 2005, pp. 265.
[5] R. Yunis, and A. Cahaner, "The effects of naked neck (Na) and frizzle
(F) genes on growth and meat yields of broilers and their interactions
with ambient temperatures and potential growth rate," Poult. Sci., vol.
78, pp. 1347-1352, 1999.
[6] National Research Council, The Role of Chromium in Animal Nutrition.
National Academy Press, CA: Washington, DC, 1997.
[7] R. A. Anderson, and A. S. Kozlovsky, "Chromium intake, absorption
and excretion of subjects consuming self-selected diets," Am. J. Clin.
Nutr., vol. 41, pp. 1777, 1985.
[8] M. F. McCarty, "Homologous physiological effects of phenformin and
chromium picolinate," Medical Hypotheses., vol. 41, pp. 316-324, 1993.
[9] H. Ohba, Y. Suzuki and H. Ohba, "Enhancement of ribonucleic acid
synthesis by chromium (III)-bound chromatin," J. Inorg. Biochem., vol.
27, pp. 179-188, 1986.
[10] J. S. Borel, T. C. Majerus, M. M. Polansky, P. B. Mozer and R. A.
Anderson, "Chromium intake and urinary Cr excretion of trauma
patients," Biol. Trace. Element Res., vol. 6, pp. 317-326, 1984.
[11] R. A. Anderson, N. A. Bryden, M. M. Polansky, and P. A. Deuster,
"Exercise effects on chromium excretion of trained and untrained men
consuming a constant diet," J. Appl. Physiol., vol. 64, pp. 249-252,
1988.
[12] J. L. Amatya, S. Haldar and K. Ghosh, "Effect of chromium
supplementation from inorganic and organic sources on nutrient
utilization, mineral metabolism and meat quality in broiler chicks
exposed to natural heat stress," Anim. Sci., vol. 97, pp. 241-253, 2004.
[13] S. Samanta, S. Haldar, V. Bahadur and T. K. Ghosh, "Chromium
picolinate can ameliorate the negative effects of heat stress and enhance
performance, carcass and meat traits in broiler chickens by reducing the
circulatory cortisol level," J. Sci. Food Agric., vol. 88, pp. 787-796,
2008.
[14] T. L. Ward, L. L. Southern and S. L. Boleman, "Effect of dietary
chromium picolinate on growth, nitrogen balance and body composition
of growing broiler chicks," Poult. Sci., vol. 72 (supp. 1): 37(Abstr.).
1993.
[15] B. Debski, W. Zalewski, M. A. Gralak and T. Kosla, "Chromium yeast
supplementation of broilers in an industrial farming system," J. Trace
Element Medicine Biol., vol. 18, pp. 47-51, 2004.
[16] K. Sahin, N. Sahin, M. Onderci, F. Gursu and G. Cikim, "Optimal
dietary concentration of chromium for alleviating the effect of heat stress
on growth, carcass qualities and some serum metabolites of broiler
chickens," Biol. Trace Element Res., vol. 89, pp. 53-64, 2002.
[17] National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev.
ed. National Academy Press, CA: Washington, DC, 1994.
[18] AOAC, Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official
Analytical Chemists, CA: Arlington, Virginia. 1990.
[19] H. Korkeala, O. Maki-Petais, T. Alanko and O. Sorvettula,
"Determination of pH in meat," Meat. Sci., vol. 18, pp. 21-125, 1986.
[20] E. D. Strange, R. C. Benedict, J. L. Smith and C. E. Swift, "Evaluation
of rapid tests for monitoring alterations in meat quality during storage,"
I. Intact meat. J. Food Protec., vol. 40, pp. 843-847, 1977.
[21] SAS Institute Inc, SAS/STAT User's Guide: Version 6.06th ed. SAS
Institute Inc, Cary, CA: North Carolina, 1997.
[22] K. W. Mooney, and G. L. Cromwel, "Efficacy of chromium picolinate
and chromium chloride as potential carcass modifiers in swine," J. Anim.
Sci., vol. 75, pp. 2661-2671, 1997.
[23] Y. H. Kim, I. K. Han, Y. J. Choi, I. S. Shin, B. J. Chae and T. H. Kang,
"Effects of dietary levels of chromium picolinate on growth performance
carcass quality and serum traits in broiler chicks," Asian-Aust J. Anim.
Sci., vol. 9, pp. 341-347, 1996.
[24] J. K. Min, W. Y. Kim, B. J. Chae, I. B. Chung, I. S. Shin, Y. J. Choi and
K. Han, "Effect of chromium picolinate on growth performance, carcass
characteristics and serum traits in growing-finishing pigs," Asian-Aust J.
Anim. Sci., vol. 10, pp. 8-14, 1997.
[25] B. Lambert, and C. Jacquemin, "Inhibition of epinephrine induced
lipolysis in isolated white adipocytes of aging rabbits by increased
alpha-adrenergic responsiveness," J. Lipid Res., vol. 20, pp. 208-216,
1979.
[26] M. Sakhari, M. K. Jeacock and D. A. Shepherd, "Regulation of
intracellular protein degradation in the isolated perfused liver of the
chicken (Gallus domesticus)," Comp. Biochem. Physiol., vol. 101, pp.
17-21, 1992.
[27] M. J. Duclos, B. Chevalier, C. Goddard and J. Simon, "Regulation of
amino acid transport and protein metabolism in myotubes derived from
chicken muscle satellite cells by insulin-like growth factor-I," J. Cell
Physiol., vol. 157, pp. 650-657, 1993.
[28] K. Bigot, M. Taouis and S. Tesseraund, "Refeeding and insulin regulate
S6K1 activity in chicken skeletal muscles," J. Nutr., vol. 133, pp. 369-
373, 2003.
[29] T. G. Page, L. L. Southern, T. L. Ward and D. L. Thompson, "Effect of
chromium picolinate on growth and serum and carcass traits of growingfinishing
pigs," J. Anim. Sci., vol. 71, pp. 65, 1993.
[30] J. O. Matthews, A. C. Guzik, F. M. Le Mieux, L. L. Southern and T. D.
Bidner, "Effects of chromium propionate on growth, carcass traits, and
pork quality of growing-finishing pigs," J. Anim. Sci., vol. 83, pp. 858-
862, 2005.
[31] J. O. Matthews, A. D. Higbie, L. L. Southern, D. F. Coombs, T. D.
Bidner and R. L. Odgaard, "Effect of chromium propionate and
metabolizable energy on growth, carcass traits, and pork quality of
growing-finishing pigs," J. Anim. Sci., vol. 81, pp. 191-196, 2003.
[32] D. J. Buckley, P. A. Morrissey and J. I. Gray, "Influence of dietary
vitamin E on the oxidative stability and quality of pig meat," J. Anim.
Sci., vol. 73, pp. 3122-3130, 1995.
[33] C. Lauridsen, D. J. Buckley and P. A. Morrissey, "Influence of dietary
fat and vitamin E supplementation on a-tocopherol levels and fatty acid
profiles in chicken muscle membranal fractions and on susceptibility to
lipid peroxidation," Meat Sci., vol. 46, pp. 9-22, 1997.
[34] W. Mertz, "Chromium in human nutrition: A review," J. Nutr., vol. 123,
pp. 626-633, 1993.
[35] D. D. Gallaher, A. S. Csallany, D. W. Shoeman and J. M. Olson,
"Diabetes increases excretion of urinary malondehyde conjugates in
rats," Lipids, vol. 28, pp. 663-666, 1993.
[36] H. G. Preuss, P. L. Grojec, S. Lieberman and R. A. Anderson, "Effects
of different chromium compounds on blood pressure and lipid
peroxidation in spontaneously hypertensive rats," Clin. Nephrol., vol.
47, pp. 325-330, 1997.
[37] K. C. Klasing, Comparative Avian Nutrition. University Press, CA:
Cambridge, pp. 277-299, 1993.
[38] K. Sahin, N. Sahin and O. Kucuka, "Effects of chromium and ascorbic
acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and
antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high ambient
temperature," Nutr. Res., vol. 23, pp. 225-238, 2003.
[39] R. A. Anderson, A. M. Roussel, N. Zouari, S. Majhoub, J. M. Matheau
and A. Kerkeni, "Potential antioxidant effects of zinc and chromium
supplementation in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus," J. Am. College
Nutr., vol. 20, pp. 212-218, 2001.
[40] N. Sahin, K. Sahin, M. Onderci, M. Ozcelik and M. O. Smith, "In vivo
antioxidant properties of vitamin E and chromium in cold-stress
Japanese quails," Arch. Anim. Nutr., vol. 57, pp. 207-215, 2003.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:61057", author = "Majid Toghyani and Abbas Ali Gheisari and Ali Khodami and Mehdi Toghyani and Mohammad Mohammadrezaei and Ramin Bahadoran", title = "Effect of Dietary Chromium Yeast on Thigh Meat Quality of Broiler Chicks in Heat Stress Condition", abstract = "This experiment was conducted to investigate the
effect of different levels of dietary chromium yeast (Cr-yeast) on
thigh meat quality of broiler chicks reared under heat stress
condition. Two hundred and forty Ross male chickens in heat stress
condition (33±3°C) were allocated to five treatments in a completely
randomized design. Treatments were supplemented with 0 (control),
200, 400, 800 and 1200 μg kg-1 Cr in the form of Cr yeast. Twelve
chicks from each treatment were slaughtered at 42 d, to evaluate
moisture, protein, lipid, pH and lipid oxidation of thigh meat.
Protein, moisture, lipid and pH of thigh meat were not affected by
supplemental Cr. Thigh meat lipid tended to decrease in broilers
received 1200 μg kg-1. Storage time increased lipid oxidation of
meat (P", keywords = "Broiler, Heat stress, Chromium yeast, Thigh meat quality.", volume = "4", number = "12", pages = "912-4", }
