Effect of Concrete Nonlinear Parameters on the Seismic Response of Concrete Gravity Dams
Behavior of dams against the seismic loads has been
studied by many researchers. Most of them proposed new numerical
methods to investigate the dam safety. In this paper, to study the
effect of nonlinear parameters of concrete in gravity dams, a twodimensional
approach was used including the finite element method,
staggered method and smeared crack approach. Effective parameters
in the models are physical properties of concrete such as modulus of
elasticity, tensile strength and specific fracture energy. Two different
models were used in foundation (mass-less and massed) in order to
determine the seismic response of concrete gravity dams. Results
show that when the nonlinear analysis includes the dam- foundation
interaction, the foundation-s mass, flexibility and radiation damping
are important in gravity dam-s response.
[1] Pal N. "Nonlinear earthquake response of concrete gravity
dams".Report NO. EERC 74-14, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley,1974
[2] Bhattacharjee, S.S. and Leger, P. "Seismic cracking and energy
dissipation in concrete gravity dams", Earthquake Engineering &
Structural Dynamics, 22, 991-1007, 1993.
[3] El-Aidi, B. and Hall, J.F.,"Nonlinear earthquake response of concrete
gravity dams, part1:modeling", Earthquake Engineering & Structural
Dynamics, 18, 837-851, (1989)
[4] El-Aidi, B. and Hall, J.F.,"Nonlinear earthquake response of concrete
gravity dams, part2:behavior ", Earthquake Engineering & Structural
Dynamics, 18, 853-865, (1989)
[5] Fenves, G., Chopra, A.K. "Earthquake Analysis of Concrete Gravity
Dams Including Reservoir Bottom Absorption and Dam-Water-
Foundation Rock Interaction", Earthquake Engineering and Structural
Dynamics, Vol. 12, No.5, pp. 663-680, 1984.
[6] Ghaemian, M., Ghobarah, A. "Staggered Solution Schemes for Dam-
Reservoir Interaction", Journal of Fluid and Structures, Vol. 12, pp. 933-
948, 1998.
[7] Guanglun W, Pekau O.A, Chuhan Z, Shaomin W. "Seismic Fracture
Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams Based on Nonlinear Fracture
Mechanics",Engineering Fracture Mechanics,Vol.65,pp.67-87 ,2000
[8] Mirzabozorg H, Ghaemian M. "Nonlinear behavior of mass concrete in
three-dimensional problems using a smeared crack approach",Eartquake
Engineering and Structural Dynamics,Vol34,pp247-269 ,2005
[9] Calayir Y, Karaton M. "seismic fracture analysis of concrete gravity
dams including dam-reservoir interaction", Computers and Structures
2005,Vol.83,pp.1595-1606
[10] Sharan, S. "Modeling of radiation damping in fluids by finite elements",
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 23,
pp. 945-957 , 1986.
[11] Ghaemian, M., "Manual of NSAG-DRI, a computer program for
nonlinear seismic analysis of gravity dams including dam -reservoirfoundation
interaction", 2008
[12] US. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) "Time-History Dynamic
Analysis of Concrete Hydraulic Structures; Chapter 2-Analytical
Modeling of Concrete Hydraulic Structures, December 2003
[13] US. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) "Earthquake Design and
Evaluation of Concrete Hydraulic Structures", Chapter 4-Methods of
Seismic Analysis and Structural Modeling, May 2007
[14] PEER Strong Motion Database, http://www.peer.berkeley.edu.
[1] Pal N. "Nonlinear earthquake response of concrete gravity
dams".Report NO. EERC 74-14, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley,1974
[2] Bhattacharjee, S.S. and Leger, P. "Seismic cracking and energy
dissipation in concrete gravity dams", Earthquake Engineering &
Structural Dynamics, 22, 991-1007, 1993.
[3] El-Aidi, B. and Hall, J.F.,"Nonlinear earthquake response of concrete
gravity dams, part1:modeling", Earthquake Engineering & Structural
Dynamics, 18, 837-851, (1989)
[4] El-Aidi, B. and Hall, J.F.,"Nonlinear earthquake response of concrete
gravity dams, part2:behavior ", Earthquake Engineering & Structural
Dynamics, 18, 853-865, (1989)
[5] Fenves, G., Chopra, A.K. "Earthquake Analysis of Concrete Gravity
Dams Including Reservoir Bottom Absorption and Dam-Water-
Foundation Rock Interaction", Earthquake Engineering and Structural
Dynamics, Vol. 12, No.5, pp. 663-680, 1984.
[6] Ghaemian, M., Ghobarah, A. "Staggered Solution Schemes for Dam-
Reservoir Interaction", Journal of Fluid and Structures, Vol. 12, pp. 933-
948, 1998.
[7] Guanglun W, Pekau O.A, Chuhan Z, Shaomin W. "Seismic Fracture
Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams Based on Nonlinear Fracture
Mechanics",Engineering Fracture Mechanics,Vol.65,pp.67-87 ,2000
[8] Mirzabozorg H, Ghaemian M. "Nonlinear behavior of mass concrete in
three-dimensional problems using a smeared crack approach",Eartquake
Engineering and Structural Dynamics,Vol34,pp247-269 ,2005
[9] Calayir Y, Karaton M. "seismic fracture analysis of concrete gravity
dams including dam-reservoir interaction", Computers and Structures
2005,Vol.83,pp.1595-1606
[10] Sharan, S. "Modeling of radiation damping in fluids by finite elements",
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 23,
pp. 945-957 , 1986.
[11] Ghaemian, M., "Manual of NSAG-DRI, a computer program for
nonlinear seismic analysis of gravity dams including dam -reservoirfoundation
interaction", 2008
[12] US. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) "Time-History Dynamic
Analysis of Concrete Hydraulic Structures; Chapter 2-Analytical
Modeling of Concrete Hydraulic Structures, December 2003
[13] US. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) "Earthquake Design and
Evaluation of Concrete Hydraulic Structures", Chapter 4-Methods of
Seismic Analysis and Structural Modeling, May 2007
[14] PEER Strong Motion Database, http://www.peer.berkeley.edu.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:64605", author = "Z. Heirany and M. Ghaemian", title = "Effect of Concrete Nonlinear Parameters on the Seismic Response of Concrete Gravity Dams", abstract = "Behavior of dams against the seismic loads has been
studied by many researchers. Most of them proposed new numerical
methods to investigate the dam safety. In this paper, to study the
effect of nonlinear parameters of concrete in gravity dams, a twodimensional
approach was used including the finite element method,
staggered method and smeared crack approach. Effective parameters
in the models are physical properties of concrete such as modulus of
elasticity, tensile strength and specific fracture energy. Two different
models were used in foundation (mass-less and massed) in order to
determine the seismic response of concrete gravity dams. Results
show that when the nonlinear analysis includes the dam- foundation
interaction, the foundation-s mass, flexibility and radiation damping
are important in gravity dam-s response.", keywords = "Numerical methods; concrete gravity dams; finiteelement method; boundary condition", volume = "5", number = "3", pages = "190-4", }