Comparisons of Fine Motor Functions in Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease and Essential Tremor
This study explores the clinical features of neurodegenerative disease patients with tremor. We study the motor impairments in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Since uncertainty exists on whether Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) patients have similar degree of impairment during motor tasks, this study based on the self-developed computerized handwriting movement analysis to characterize motor functions of these two impairments. The recruited subjects were diagnosed and confirmed one of neurodegenerative diseases. They were undergone general clinical evaluations by physicians in the first year. We recruited 8 participants with PD and 10 with ET. Additional 12 participants without any neuromuscular dysfunction were recruited as control group. This study used fine motor control of penmanship on digital tablet for sensorimotor function tests. The movement speed in PD/ET group is found significant slower than subjects in normal control group. In movement intensity and speed, the result found subject with ET has similar clinical feature with PD subjects. The ET group shows smaller and slower movements than control group but not to the same extent as PD group. The results of this study contribute to the early screening and detection of diseases and the evaluation of disease progression.
[1] E. D. Louis, “Essential tremor”. Lancet Neurol, vol. 4, pp.100-110, 2005.
[2] E. D. Louis, G. Levy, L. J. Cote, H. Mejia, S. Fahn S, and K. Marder,
“Clinical correlates of action tremor in Parkinson disease”, Arch
Neurol,vol. 58, pp. 1630-1634, 2001.
[3] R. J. Elble, “Essential tremor is a monosymptomatic disorder”, Mov
Disord, vol. 17, pp. 633-637, 2002.
[4] J. Jankovic, “Essential tremor: a heterogenous disorder”, Mov Disord, vol.
17, pp. 638-644, 2002.
[5] R. J. Elble, C. Higgins, and L. Hughes, “Essential tremor entrains rapid
voluntary movements. Exp Neurol, vol. 126, pp. 138-143, 1994.
[6] S. Ozekmekci, G. Kiziltan, M. Vural, S. Ertan, H. Apaydin, and E.
Erginoz, “Assessment of movement time in patients with essential tremor.
J Neurol, vol. 252, pp. 964-967, 2005.
[7] E. B. Montgomery, Jr, K. B. Baker, K. Lyons, and W. C. Koller, “Motor
initiation and execution in essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease”, Mov
Disord, vol. 15, pp. 511-515, 2000.
[8] C. Duval, A. F. Sadikot, and M. Panisset, “Bradykinesia in patients with
essential tremor”, Brain Res, vol. 1115, pp. 213-216, 2006.
[9] Z. Farkas, I. Szirmai, and A. Kamondi, “Impaired rhythm generation in
essential tremor”, Mov Disord, vol. 21, pp. 1196-1199, 2006.
[10] Heroux ME, Parisi SL, Larocerie-Salgado J, Norman KE. (2006) Upper
extremity disability in essential tremor. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 87,
661-670, 2006.
[11] F. J. Jimenez-Jimenez, L. Rubio, H. Alonso-Navarro, M. Calleja, B.
Pilo-de-la-Fuente, J. F. Plaza-Nieto, J. Benito-Leon, P. J.Garcia-Ruiz, and
J. A. Agundez, “Impairment of rapid repetitive finger movements and
visual reaction time in patients with essential tremor. European Journal of
Neurology, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 152-159, 2010.
[12] E. K. Tan, S. S. Lee, S. Fook-Chong , and S. Y. Lum, “Evidence of
increased odds of essential tremor in Parkinson's disease”, Mov Disord,
vol. 23, pp. 993-997, 2008.
[13] E. D. Louis and S. J. Frucht, “Prevalence of essential tremor in patients
with Parkinson's disease vs. Parkinson-plus syndromes”, Mov Disord, vol.
22, pp. 1402-1407, 2007.
[14] P. Hedera, J. Y. Fang, F. Phibbs, M. K. Cooper, P. D. Charles, and T. L.
Davis, “Positive family history of essential tremor influences the motor
phenotype of Parkinson’s disease”, Mov Disord, vol. 24, pp. 2285-2288,
2009.
[15] J. Benito-Leon and E. D. Louis, “Essential tremor: emerging views of a
common disorder”, Nat Clin Pract Neurol, vol. 2, pp. 666-678, 2006.
[16] C. Duval, A. F. Sadikot, and M. Panisset, “The detection of tremor during
slow alternating movements performed by patients with early Parkinson's
disease”, Exp Brain Res, 154, pp. 395-398, 2004.
[17] R. Nakamura, H. Nagasaki, and H. Narabayashi, “Disturbances of rhythm
formation in patients with Parkinson's disease. I. Characteristics of
tapping response to the periodic signals”, Percept Mot Skills, vol. 46, pp.
63-75, 1978.
[18] G. E. Stelmach, and C. J. Worringham, “The preparation and production
of isometric force in Parkinson's disease”, Neuropsychologia, vol. 26, pp.
93-104, 1988.
[19] P. Viviani, and C. Terzuolo, “Trajectory determines movement
dynamics”, Neuroscience, vol. 7. pp. 431-437, 1982.
[20] F. Lacquaniti, C. Terzuolo, and P. Viviani, “The law relating the
kinematic and figural aspects of drawing movements”, Acta Psychol, vol.
54, pp. 115-130, 1983.
[1] E. D. Louis, “Essential tremor”. Lancet Neurol, vol. 4, pp.100-110, 2005.
[2] E. D. Louis, G. Levy, L. J. Cote, H. Mejia, S. Fahn S, and K. Marder,
“Clinical correlates of action tremor in Parkinson disease”, Arch
Neurol,vol. 58, pp. 1630-1634, 2001.
[3] R. J. Elble, “Essential tremor is a monosymptomatic disorder”, Mov
Disord, vol. 17, pp. 633-637, 2002.
[4] J. Jankovic, “Essential tremor: a heterogenous disorder”, Mov Disord, vol.
17, pp. 638-644, 2002.
[5] R. J. Elble, C. Higgins, and L. Hughes, “Essential tremor entrains rapid
voluntary movements. Exp Neurol, vol. 126, pp. 138-143, 1994.
[6] S. Ozekmekci, G. Kiziltan, M. Vural, S. Ertan, H. Apaydin, and E.
Erginoz, “Assessment of movement time in patients with essential tremor.
J Neurol, vol. 252, pp. 964-967, 2005.
[7] E. B. Montgomery, Jr, K. B. Baker, K. Lyons, and W. C. Koller, “Motor
initiation and execution in essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease”, Mov
Disord, vol. 15, pp. 511-515, 2000.
[8] C. Duval, A. F. Sadikot, and M. Panisset, “Bradykinesia in patients with
essential tremor”, Brain Res, vol. 1115, pp. 213-216, 2006.
[9] Z. Farkas, I. Szirmai, and A. Kamondi, “Impaired rhythm generation in
essential tremor”, Mov Disord, vol. 21, pp. 1196-1199, 2006.
[10] Heroux ME, Parisi SL, Larocerie-Salgado J, Norman KE. (2006) Upper
extremity disability in essential tremor. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 87,
661-670, 2006.
[11] F. J. Jimenez-Jimenez, L. Rubio, H. Alonso-Navarro, M. Calleja, B.
Pilo-de-la-Fuente, J. F. Plaza-Nieto, J. Benito-Leon, P. J.Garcia-Ruiz, and
J. A. Agundez, “Impairment of rapid repetitive finger movements and
visual reaction time in patients with essential tremor. European Journal of
Neurology, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 152-159, 2010.
[12] E. K. Tan, S. S. Lee, S. Fook-Chong , and S. Y. Lum, “Evidence of
increased odds of essential tremor in Parkinson's disease”, Mov Disord,
vol. 23, pp. 993-997, 2008.
[13] E. D. Louis and S. J. Frucht, “Prevalence of essential tremor in patients
with Parkinson's disease vs. Parkinson-plus syndromes”, Mov Disord, vol.
22, pp. 1402-1407, 2007.
[14] P. Hedera, J. Y. Fang, F. Phibbs, M. K. Cooper, P. D. Charles, and T. L.
Davis, “Positive family history of essential tremor influences the motor
phenotype of Parkinson’s disease”, Mov Disord, vol. 24, pp. 2285-2288,
2009.
[15] J. Benito-Leon and E. D. Louis, “Essential tremor: emerging views of a
common disorder”, Nat Clin Pract Neurol, vol. 2, pp. 666-678, 2006.
[16] C. Duval, A. F. Sadikot, and M. Panisset, “The detection of tremor during
slow alternating movements performed by patients with early Parkinson's
disease”, Exp Brain Res, 154, pp. 395-398, 2004.
[17] R. Nakamura, H. Nagasaki, and H. Narabayashi, “Disturbances of rhythm
formation in patients with Parkinson's disease. I. Characteristics of
tapping response to the periodic signals”, Percept Mot Skills, vol. 46, pp.
63-75, 1978.
[18] G. E. Stelmach, and C. J. Worringham, “The preparation and production
of isometric force in Parkinson's disease”, Neuropsychologia, vol. 26, pp.
93-104, 1988.
[19] P. Viviani, and C. Terzuolo, “Trajectory determines movement
dynamics”, Neuroscience, vol. 7. pp. 431-437, 1982.
[20] F. Lacquaniti, C. Terzuolo, and P. Viviani, “The law relating the
kinematic and figural aspects of drawing movements”, Acta Psychol, vol.
54, pp. 115-130, 1983.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:65459", author = "Nan-Ying Yu and Shao-Hsia Chang", title = "Comparisons of Fine Motor Functions in Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease and Essential Tremor", abstract = "This study explores the clinical features of neurodegenerative disease patients with tremor. We study the motor impairments in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Since uncertainty exists on whether Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) patients have similar degree of impairment during motor tasks, this study based on the self-developed computerized handwriting movement analysis to characterize motor functions of these two impairments. The recruited subjects were diagnosed and confirmed one of neurodegenerative diseases. They were undergone general clinical evaluations by physicians in the first year. We recruited 8 participants with PD and 10 with ET. Additional 12 participants without any neuromuscular dysfunction were recruited as control group. This study used fine motor control of penmanship on digital tablet for sensorimotor function tests. The movement speed in PD/ET group is found significant slower than subjects in normal control group. In movement intensity and speed, the result found subject with ET has similar clinical feature with PD subjects. The ET group shows smaller and slower movements than control group but not to the same extent as PD group. The results of this study contribute to the early screening and detection of diseases and the evaluation of disease progression.
", keywords = "Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, motor function, fine motor movement, computerized handwriting evaluation. ", volume = "7", number = "10", pages = "655-4", }
