Classification of Precipitation Types Detected in Malaysia

The occurrences of precipitation, also commonly
referred as rain, in the form of "convective" and "stratiform" have
been identified to exist worldwide. In this study, the radar return
echoes or known as reflectivity values acquired from radar scans
have been exploited in the process of classifying the type of rain
endured. The investigation use radar data from Malaysian
Meteorology Department (MMD). It is possible to discriminate the
types of rain experienced in tropical region by observing the vertical
characteristics of the rain structure. .Heavy rain in tropical region
profoundly affects radiowave signals, causing transmission
interference and signal fading. Required wireless system fade margin
depends on the type of rain. Information relating to the two
mentioned types of rain is critical for the system engineers and
researchers in their endeavour to improve the reliability of
communication links. This paper highlights the quantification of
percentage occurrences over one year period in 2009.

Authors:

• K. Badron
• A. F. Ismail
• A. L. Asnawi
• N. F. A. Malik
• S. Z. Abidin
• S. Dzulkifly

Keywords:

• Stratiform
• convective
• tropical region
• attenuation radar reflectivity.

References:

[1] “Radiocommunication Bureau (1996) Handbook on Radiometeorology,
Geneva
[2] S. Carolina, “On the Separation of Tropical Convective and Stratiform
Rains,” pp. 188–195, 2002.
[3] B. J. Zafar, “Classification of Precipitation Type from Space Borne
Precipitation Radar Data and 2D Wavelet Analysis,” vol. 00, no. V, pp.
3570–3573, 2004.
[4] H. E. T. Al, “Separation of Convective and Stratiform Precipitation
Using Microwave Brightness Temperature,” pp. 1195–1213, 1999.
[5] S. Das, K. Ashish, and A. Maitra, “Classification of Convective and
Stratiform Types of Rain and their Characteristics Features at a Tropical
Location,” pp. 0–3, 2009.
[6] C. Separation, “5. Convective-Stratiform Separation,” 2000.
[7] S. Das, K. Ashish, and A. Maitra, “Classification of Convective and
Stratiform Types of Rain and their Characteristics Features at a Tropical
Location,” pp. 0–3, 2009.
[8] E. Matricciani, “from Radar Measurements Useful to Design Satellite
Communication Systems for Mobile Terminals,” vol. 49, no. 5, pp.
1534–1546, 2000.
[9] “Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 32, 107–127, 2011,”
vol. 32, no. July, pp. 107–127, 2011.
[10] K. Badron, A. F. Ismail, and H. A. M. Ramli, “Evaluation of
RazakSAT’s S-band Link Signal Measurement with the Radar Derived
Rain Attenuation,” no. July, pp. 1–3, 2013.
[11] J. D. Eastment, D. N. Ladd, and M. Thurai, “Rain Radar Measurements
In Papua New Guinea And Their Implications For Slant Path
Propagation,” pp. 1–6, 1996.
[12] L. Luini and N. Jeannin, “Use of Weather Radar Data for Site Diversity
Predictions and Impact of Rain Field Advection,” 2008 4th Adv. Satell.
Mob. Syst., pp. 116–121, Aug. 2008.
[13] S. Y. Matrosov, K. a. Clark, and D. E. Kingsmill, “A Polarimetric Radar
Approach to Identify Rain, Melting-Layer, and Snow Regions for
Applying Corrections to Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity,” J. Appl.
Meteorol. Climatol., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 154–166, Feb. 2007.
[14] J. Bech, A. Magaldi, B. Codina, and J. Lorente, “Effects of Anomalous
Propagation Conditions on Weather Radar Observations,” 2008.
[15] M. Akimoto and K. Watanabe, “Study on rain attenuation considering
rainfall-intensity dependent spatial correlation characteristics,” IEEE
Glob. Telecommun. Conf. 2004. GLOBECOM ’04., vol. 5, pp. 2864–
2868, 2004.
[16] N. Hisham, H. Khamis, J. Din, and T. A. Rahman, “Rainfall Rate from
Meteorological Radar Data for Microwave Applications in Malaysia,”
pp. 1008–1010.
[17] J. S. Marshall and W. K. Palmer, “The distribution of raindrops with
size,” J. Atmospheric Sci., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 165-166, 1948.
[18] I. Introduction, “the Calculation of Rain Attenuation 7,” 1978.