Classification of Discharges Initiated by Liquid Droplet on Insulation Material under AC Voltages Adopting UHF Technique
In the present work, an attempt has been made to
understand the feasibility of using UHF technique for identification
of any corona discharges/ arcing in insulating material due to water
droplets. The sensors of broadband type are useful for identification
of such discharges. It is realised that arcing initiated by liquid droplet
radiates UHF signals in the entire bandwidth up to 2 GHz. The
frequency content of the UHF signal generated due to corona/arcing
is not much varied in epoxy nanocomposites with different weight
percentage of clay content. The exfoliated/intercalated properties
were analysed through TEM studies. It is realized that corona
initiated discharges are of intermittent process. The hydrophobicity
of the material characterized through contact angle measurement. It
is realized that low Wt % of nanoclay content in epoxy resin reduces
the surface carbonization due to arcing/corona discharges. The results
of the study with gamma irradiated specimen indicates that contact
angle, discharge inception time and evaporation time of the liquid are
much lower than the virgin epoxy nanocomposite material.
[1] T. Tanaka, G.C. Montanari and R. Mulhaupt, IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics
and Electrical Insulation, Vol-11, pp763-784, 2004.
[2] M. Kozako, N. Fuse, Y. Ohki, T. Okamoto and T. Tanaka, IEEE Trans.
on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol-11, No.5, pp833-839, 2004.
[3] Gorur.R.S; Edward A.Cherney; Jeffrey T.Burnham; Outdoor Insulators
(Ravi S. Gorur, Inc., Phoenix, Arizona 85044, USA), 1999.
[4] T. Lan, T.J. Pinnavaia, Chemistry of materials, Vol-6, pp2216-2219,
1994.
[5] T.J. Pinnavaia and G.W. Beall, Wiley series in polymer science, New
york, 2000.
[6] C. Zilg, R. Mulhaupt, J. Finter, Macromol. Chem.Phys., Vol-200, pp661-
670, 1999.
[7] M. Alexandre and P. Dubois, Materials science and Engineering, Vol-
28, pp1-63, 2000.
[8] P.B. Messersmith, E.P. Giannelis, Chemistry of materials, Vol-6, 1719-
1725, 1994.
[9] Yong Zhu, Kenichi Haji, Masahisa Otsubo, Chikahisa Honda and
Noriyuki Hayashi, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. Vol-39, pp1970-1975, 2006.
[10] S.W. Rowland and F.C. Lin, J. Phys.D: Appl. Phys, Vol- 39, pp3067-
3076, 2006.
[11] T. Suda, IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,
Vol.8, No.4, pp.705-709, 2001.
[12] Lopes.I.J.S, S.H. Jayaram,and Edward A. Cherney, IEEE Trans. On
Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol-8, No.2, PP262-268, 2001.
[13] Alistair J Reid, M.D. Judd, B.G. Stewart and R.A. Fouracre, J. of
Phys.D: Appl. Phys., Vol-39, pp4167-4177, 2006.
[14] M.D. Judd, O. Farish and B.F. Hampton, IEEE Trans. On dielectrics and
electrical insulation, Vol-3, No.2, pp213-228, 1996.
[15] G.P. Cleary and M.D. Judd, IEE Proc.- Sci. Meas. Technol. Vol153,
No.2, pp47-54, 2006.
[16] M.D. Judd, Li Yang, Ian B.B. Hunter, IEEE Electrical Insulation
Magazine, Vol-21, No.3, pp5-13, 2005.
[17] Rogier A Jongen, Peter Morshuis, Sander Meijer and Johan J. Smit,
2005 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and dielectric
phenomena, pp565-568, 2006.
[18] M.D. Judd, Li Yang, Ian B.B. Hunter, IEEE Electrical Insulation
magazine, Vol-21, No.2, pp5-14, 2005.
[19] M.D. Judd, Li Yang, Ian B.B. Hunter, IEEE Electrical Insulation
Magazine, Vol-21, No.3, pp5-13, 2005.
[20] Rogier A Jongen, Peter Morshuis, Sander Meijer and Johan J. Smit,
2005 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and dielectric
phenomena, pp565-568, 2006.
[21] Southern clay products., Inc, Technical data.
[22] IEC publication 60 587. Testing method for evaluating the resistance of
tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe
ambient conditions, 1984.
[23] Crank J,Mathematics of Diffusion (Oxford:clarendon), 2nd Edition,1975.
[1] T. Tanaka, G.C. Montanari and R. Mulhaupt, IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics
and Electrical Insulation, Vol-11, pp763-784, 2004.
[2] M. Kozako, N. Fuse, Y. Ohki, T. Okamoto and T. Tanaka, IEEE Trans.
on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol-11, No.5, pp833-839, 2004.
[3] Gorur.R.S; Edward A.Cherney; Jeffrey T.Burnham; Outdoor Insulators
(Ravi S. Gorur, Inc., Phoenix, Arizona 85044, USA), 1999.
[4] T. Lan, T.J. Pinnavaia, Chemistry of materials, Vol-6, pp2216-2219,
1994.
[5] T.J. Pinnavaia and G.W. Beall, Wiley series in polymer science, New
york, 2000.
[6] C. Zilg, R. Mulhaupt, J. Finter, Macromol. Chem.Phys., Vol-200, pp661-
670, 1999.
[7] M. Alexandre and P. Dubois, Materials science and Engineering, Vol-
28, pp1-63, 2000.
[8] P.B. Messersmith, E.P. Giannelis, Chemistry of materials, Vol-6, 1719-
1725, 1994.
[9] Yong Zhu, Kenichi Haji, Masahisa Otsubo, Chikahisa Honda and
Noriyuki Hayashi, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. Vol-39, pp1970-1975, 2006.
[10] S.W. Rowland and F.C. Lin, J. Phys.D: Appl. Phys, Vol- 39, pp3067-
3076, 2006.
[11] T. Suda, IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,
Vol.8, No.4, pp.705-709, 2001.
[12] Lopes.I.J.S, S.H. Jayaram,and Edward A. Cherney, IEEE Trans. On
Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol-8, No.2, PP262-268, 2001.
[13] Alistair J Reid, M.D. Judd, B.G. Stewart and R.A. Fouracre, J. of
Phys.D: Appl. Phys., Vol-39, pp4167-4177, 2006.
[14] M.D. Judd, O. Farish and B.F. Hampton, IEEE Trans. On dielectrics and
electrical insulation, Vol-3, No.2, pp213-228, 1996.
[15] G.P. Cleary and M.D. Judd, IEE Proc.- Sci. Meas. Technol. Vol153,
No.2, pp47-54, 2006.
[16] M.D. Judd, Li Yang, Ian B.B. Hunter, IEEE Electrical Insulation
Magazine, Vol-21, No.3, pp5-13, 2005.
[17] Rogier A Jongen, Peter Morshuis, Sander Meijer and Johan J. Smit,
2005 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and dielectric
phenomena, pp565-568, 2006.
[18] M.D. Judd, Li Yang, Ian B.B. Hunter, IEEE Electrical Insulation
magazine, Vol-21, No.2, pp5-14, 2005.
[19] M.D. Judd, Li Yang, Ian B.B. Hunter, IEEE Electrical Insulation
Magazine, Vol-21, No.3, pp5-13, 2005.
[20] Rogier A Jongen, Peter Morshuis, Sander Meijer and Johan J. Smit,
2005 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and dielectric
phenomena, pp565-568, 2006.
[21] Southern clay products., Inc, Technical data.
[22] IEC publication 60 587. Testing method for evaluating the resistance of
tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe
ambient conditions, 1984.
[23] Crank J,Mathematics of Diffusion (Oxford:clarendon), 2nd Edition,1975.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:59696", author = "R. Sarathi and G. Nagesh and K. Vasudevan", title = "Classification of Discharges Initiated by Liquid Droplet on Insulation Material under AC Voltages Adopting UHF Technique", abstract = "In the present work, an attempt has been made to
understand the feasibility of using UHF technique for identification
of any corona discharges/ arcing in insulating material due to water
droplets. The sensors of broadband type are useful for identification
of such discharges. It is realised that arcing initiated by liquid droplet
radiates UHF signals in the entire bandwidth up to 2 GHz. The
frequency content of the UHF signal generated due to corona/arcing
is not much varied in epoxy nanocomposites with different weight
percentage of clay content. The exfoliated/intercalated properties
were analysed through TEM studies. It is realized that corona
initiated discharges are of intermittent process. The hydrophobicity
of the material characterized through contact angle measurement. It
is realized that low Wt % of nanoclay content in epoxy resin reduces
the surface carbonization due to arcing/corona discharges. The results
of the study with gamma irradiated specimen indicates that contact
angle, discharge inception time and evaporation time of the liquid are
much lower than the virgin epoxy nanocomposite material.", keywords = "Arcing, Corona, epoxy resin, insulation,
nanocomposites, UHF signal,water droplet.", volume = "2", number = "3", pages = "34-6", }