Characterization of Lactose Consumption during the Biogas Production from Acid Whey by FT-IR Spectroscopy
The consumption of lactose in acid cheese whey
anaerobic fermentation process under fed-batch conditions was
studied. During fermentation for 100 hours the biogas production
(CO2 and CH4) was analyzed online. Among the standard analyses
FT-IR spectroscopy was used to follow the consumption of lactose by
bacteria. The absorption bands at 990, 894 and 787 cm-1 in the 2nd
derivative spectra were shown to be characteristic for lactose and
were used to follow the lactose conversion. It was shown that acid
cheese whey lactose was converted by bacteria in first 7 hours. In the
spectra of 17, 18 and 95 hour fermentation samples lactose was not
identified and these results correlated with the HPLC data.
[1] ÔÇ×Milk and milk products in the European Union", ISBN 92-79-02199,
2006.
[2] M. Balat, and H. Balat, "Biogas as a renewable energy source - A
review", Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and
Environmental Effects, Vol. 31, 2009, pp. 1280-1293.
[3] G. Mockaitis, S.M. Ratusznei, J.A.D. Rodrigues, M. Zaiat, E. Foresti,
ÔÇ×Anaerobic whey treatment by a stirred sequencing batch reactor
(ASBR) effects of organic loading and supplemented alkalinity", J.
Environ. Manage., vol.79, 2006, pp. 198-206.
[4] K.V. Lo and P.H. Liao, ÔÇ×Digestion of cheese whey with anaerobic
rotating biological contact reactor", Biomass, vol. 10, 1986, pp. 243-252.
[5] B. Kavacik and B. Topaloglu, "Biogas production from co-digestion of
a mixture of cheese whey and dairy manure", Biomass and Bioenergy ,
vol. 34, no. 9, 2010, pp. 1321-1329.
[6] P.F. Fox, T.P. Guinee, T.M. Cogan and P.L.H. McSweeney,
"Fundamentals of Cheese Science", Aspen Publishers, Inc.,
Gaithersburg, 2000.
[7] F.R. Hawkes, R. Dinsdale, D.L. Hawkes, and I. Hussy, "Sustainable
fermentative hydrogen production: challenges for process optimization",
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 27, 2002, pp. 1339-1347.
[8] R.L. Irvine and W.M Moe, "Periodic biofilter operation for enhance
performance during unsteady state loading condition", Water Sci.
Technol., vol. 45, no. 3, 2001, pp. 231-239.
[9] G.L. Lybertos and I.V. Skidas, ÔÇ×Modeling of Anaerobic Digestion - A
review", Global Net. Intern. J., vol. 1, no. 2, 1999, pp. 63-76.
[10] S. Sivakesava, J. Irudayaraj and A. Demirci, ÔÇ×Monitoring a bioprocess
for ethanol production using FT-MIR and FT-Raman spectroscopy, J.
Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.vol. 26, 2001, pp. 185-190.
[11] A.E. Ghaly and D.R. Ramkumar, ÔÇ×Controlling the pH of Acid Cheese
Whey in a Two-Stage Anaerobic Digester with Sodium Hydroxide",
Energy Sources, vol. 21, 1999. pp. 475-502.
[12] A.E. Ghaly, D.R Ramkumar, S.S. Sadaks, and J.D. Rochon, ÔÇ×Effect of
reseeding and pH control on the performance of a two stage mesophilic
anaerobic digester operating on acid cheese whey", Can. Agric. Eng.,
vol. 42, 2000, pp. 173-183.
[13] A.J. Mawson, ÔÇ×Bioconversions for whey utilization and waste
abatement", Biores. Technol., vol. 47, 1994, pp. 195-203.
[14] G. Tchobanoglous, H. Theisen, and S. A. Vigil, "Integrated solid waste
management: engineering principles and management issues", 2 edition,
McGraw-Hill, Science/Engineering/Math; 1993.
[15] M. Chartrain, and J. G. Zeikus, "Microbial ecophysiology of whey
biomethanation: characterization of bacterial trophic populations and
prevalent species in continuous culture", Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol.
51, no. 1, 1986, pp. 188-196.
[16] S.A. Cobb and D.T. Hill, ÔÇ×Volatile fatty acid relationships in attached
growth anaerobic fermenters", Transactions of the ASAE , vol. 36, no 6,
1991, pp. 2564-2572.
[17] S. Göblös, P. Portöro, D. Bord├ís, M. K├ílm├ín, and I. Kiss, "Comparison
of the effectivities of two-phase and single-phase anaerobic sequencing
batch reactors during dairy wastewater treatment," Renewable Energy,
vol. 33, no. 5, 2008, pp. 960-965.
[1] ÔÇ×Milk and milk products in the European Union", ISBN 92-79-02199,
2006.
[2] M. Balat, and H. Balat, "Biogas as a renewable energy source - A
review", Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and
Environmental Effects, Vol. 31, 2009, pp. 1280-1293.
[3] G. Mockaitis, S.M. Ratusznei, J.A.D. Rodrigues, M. Zaiat, E. Foresti,
ÔÇ×Anaerobic whey treatment by a stirred sequencing batch reactor
(ASBR) effects of organic loading and supplemented alkalinity", J.
Environ. Manage., vol.79, 2006, pp. 198-206.
[4] K.V. Lo and P.H. Liao, ÔÇ×Digestion of cheese whey with anaerobic
rotating biological contact reactor", Biomass, vol. 10, 1986, pp. 243-252.
[5] B. Kavacik and B. Topaloglu, "Biogas production from co-digestion of
a mixture of cheese whey and dairy manure", Biomass and Bioenergy ,
vol. 34, no. 9, 2010, pp. 1321-1329.
[6] P.F. Fox, T.P. Guinee, T.M. Cogan and P.L.H. McSweeney,
"Fundamentals of Cheese Science", Aspen Publishers, Inc.,
Gaithersburg, 2000.
[7] F.R. Hawkes, R. Dinsdale, D.L. Hawkes, and I. Hussy, "Sustainable
fermentative hydrogen production: challenges for process optimization",
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 27, 2002, pp. 1339-1347.
[8] R.L. Irvine and W.M Moe, "Periodic biofilter operation for enhance
performance during unsteady state loading condition", Water Sci.
Technol., vol. 45, no. 3, 2001, pp. 231-239.
[9] G.L. Lybertos and I.V. Skidas, ÔÇ×Modeling of Anaerobic Digestion - A
review", Global Net. Intern. J., vol. 1, no. 2, 1999, pp. 63-76.
[10] S. Sivakesava, J. Irudayaraj and A. Demirci, ÔÇ×Monitoring a bioprocess
for ethanol production using FT-MIR and FT-Raman spectroscopy, J.
Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.vol. 26, 2001, pp. 185-190.
[11] A.E. Ghaly and D.R. Ramkumar, ÔÇ×Controlling the pH of Acid Cheese
Whey in a Two-Stage Anaerobic Digester with Sodium Hydroxide",
Energy Sources, vol. 21, 1999. pp. 475-502.
[12] A.E. Ghaly, D.R Ramkumar, S.S. Sadaks, and J.D. Rochon, ÔÇ×Effect of
reseeding and pH control on the performance of a two stage mesophilic
anaerobic digester operating on acid cheese whey", Can. Agric. Eng.,
vol. 42, 2000, pp. 173-183.
[13] A.J. Mawson, ÔÇ×Bioconversions for whey utilization and waste
abatement", Biores. Technol., vol. 47, 1994, pp. 195-203.
[14] G. Tchobanoglous, H. Theisen, and S. A. Vigil, "Integrated solid waste
management: engineering principles and management issues", 2 edition,
McGraw-Hill, Science/Engineering/Math; 1993.
[15] M. Chartrain, and J. G. Zeikus, "Microbial ecophysiology of whey
biomethanation: characterization of bacterial trophic populations and
prevalent species in continuous culture", Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol.
51, no. 1, 1986, pp. 188-196.
[16] S.A. Cobb and D.T. Hill, ÔÇ×Volatile fatty acid relationships in attached
growth anaerobic fermenters", Transactions of the ASAE , vol. 36, no 6,
1991, pp. 2564-2572.
[17] S. Göblös, P. Portöro, D. Bord├ís, M. K├ílm├ín, and I. Kiss, "Comparison
of the effectivities of two-phase and single-phase anaerobic sequencing
batch reactors during dairy wastewater treatment," Renewable Energy,
vol. 33, no. 5, 2008, pp. 960-965.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:52618", author = "K. Rugele and M. Gavare and M. Grube and K. Tihomirova and E. Skripsts and S. Larsson and J. Rubulis", title = "Characterization of Lactose Consumption during the Biogas Production from Acid Whey by FT-IR Spectroscopy", abstract = "The consumption of lactose in acid cheese whey
anaerobic fermentation process under fed-batch conditions was
studied. During fermentation for 100 hours the biogas production
(CO2 and CH4) was analyzed online. Among the standard analyses
FT-IR spectroscopy was used to follow the consumption of lactose by
bacteria. The absorption bands at 990, 894 and 787 cm-1 in the 2nd
derivative spectra were shown to be characteristic for lactose and
were used to follow the lactose conversion. It was shown that acid
cheese whey lactose was converted by bacteria in first 7 hours. In the
spectra of 17, 18 and 95 hour fermentation samples lactose was not
identified and these results correlated with the HPLC data.", keywords = "Acid whey, anaerobic digestion, biogas, FT-IR
spectroscopy, lactose consumption.", volume = "7", number = "5", pages = "261-5", }
