Changes in the Properties of Composites Caused by Chemical Treatment of Hemp Hurds
The possibility of using industrial hemp as a source of natural fibers for purpose of construction, mainly for the preparation of lightweight composites based on hemp hurds is described. In this article, an overview of measurement results of important technical parameters (compressive strength, density, thermal conductivity) of composites based on organic filler - chemically modified hemp hurds in three solutions (EDTA, NaOH and Ca(OH)2) and inorganic binder MgO-cement after 7, 28, 60, 90 and 180 days of hardening is given. The results of long-term water storage of 28 days hardened composites at room temperature were investigated. Changes in the properties of composites caused by chemical treatment of hemp material are discussed.
[1] L.G. Angelini, A. Lazzeri, G. Levita, D. Fontanelli,C. Bozzi, Ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) and Spanish Broom (Spartium junceum L.) "Fibres for composite materials: agronomical aspects, morphology and mechanical properties”, Ind. Crops Prod, vol. 11, 2000, pp. 145–161.
[2] H. Savastano, Jr., S.F. Santos, M. Radonjic, W.O. Soboyejo, " Fracture and fatigue of natural fiber-reinforced cementitious composites”, Cement Concrete Compos, vol. 31, 2009, pp. 232–243.
[3] S. Elfordy, F. Lucas, F. Tancret, Y. Scudeller, L. Goudet, "Mechanical and thermal properties of lime and hemp concrete (‘‘hempcrete’’) manufactured by a projection process”, in Construction and Building Material,. vol. 22, 2008, pp. 2116–2123.
[4] P.B. de Bruijn, K.H. Jeppssona, K. Sandinb, Ch. Nilssona, " Mechanical properties of lime–hemp concrete containing shives and fibres”, Biosystems Engineering, vol. 103, 2009, pp. 474-479.
[5] A.B. Thomsen, S. Rasmussen, V. Bohn, K. Nielsen, A. Thygesen, "Hemp raw materials: The effect of cultivar, growth conditions and pretreatment on the chemical composition of the fibres”, Risø National Laboratory Roskilde, Denmark, 2005.
[6] E. Gumuskaya, M. Usta, M. Balaban, "Carbohydrate components and crystalline structure of organosolv hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) bast fibers pulp”, Bioresource Technology. vol. 98, 2007, pp. 491–497.
[7] M. Karus, D. Vogt, "European hemp industry: cultivation, processing and product lines”, Euphytica 140, pp. 7-12.
[8] N.Z. Azwa, B.F. Yousif, A.C. Manalo, W. Karunasena, "A review on the degradability of polymeric composites based on natural fibres”, in Materials and Design, vol. 47, 2013, pp. 424-442.
[9] L. Kidalova, N. Stevulova, E. Terpakova, A. Sicakova, "Utilization of alternative materials in lightweight composites”, in Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 34, 2012, pp. 116-119.
[10] E, Terpakova , L. Kidalova, A. Estokova, J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, "Chemical modification of hemp shives and their characterization”, Procedia Engineering, vol. 42, 2012, pp. 1017-1028.
[11] L. Kidalova, "Determination of selected characteristics in hemp concrete”, Young Scientist: 3rd PhD. Student Conference of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Slovakia, 2011, pp. 1-6.
[12] N. Sombastsompop, K. Chaochanchikul, "Effect of moisture content on mechanical properties, thermal and structural stability and extruded texture of poly(vinylchloride)/wood sawdust composites”, in Polymer International, vol. 53, 2004, pp. 1210-1218.
[13] STN EN 12390-7, Testing hardened concrete, Part 7, Density of hardened concrete, 2011.
[14] STN EN 12087/A1, Thermal insulating products for building applications, Determination of long term water absorption by immersion, 2007.
[15] J. Cigasova, "Study of chemical changes in modified hemp hurds”, Juniorstav 2013: Proc. of 15 th Conference of PhD students. Brno: TU, 2013, pp. 1-7.
[16] J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, J. Junak, "Influence of binder nature on properties of lightweight composites based on hemp hurds”, International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies, vol. 5, 2013, no. 2, pp. 27-31.
[17] J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, A. Sicakova, J. Junak, "Some aspects of lightweight composites durability”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 32, 2013, pp.1615-1620.
[18] J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, J. Junak, "Innovative use of biomass based on technical hemp in building industry”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 37, 2014, (in press).
[19] N. Stevulova, J. Cigasova, P. Purcz, I. Schwarzova, "Long-term absorption behaviour of hemp hurds composites”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions. vol. 39, 2014, (in press).
[20] N. Stevulova, J. Cigasova, E. Terpakova, J. Junak, A. Sicakova, A. Estokova, I. Schwarzova, "Chemically modified hemp hurds and testing the properties of composites”, Proc. of scientific papers of Institute of Environmental Engineering. Kosice: TU, 2013, pp. 125-137.
[1] L.G. Angelini, A. Lazzeri, G. Levita, D. Fontanelli,C. Bozzi, Ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) and Spanish Broom (Spartium junceum L.) "Fibres for composite materials: agronomical aspects, morphology and mechanical properties”, Ind. Crops Prod, vol. 11, 2000, pp. 145–161.
[2] H. Savastano, Jr., S.F. Santos, M. Radonjic, W.O. Soboyejo, " Fracture and fatigue of natural fiber-reinforced cementitious composites”, Cement Concrete Compos, vol. 31, 2009, pp. 232–243.
[3] S. Elfordy, F. Lucas, F. Tancret, Y. Scudeller, L. Goudet, "Mechanical and thermal properties of lime and hemp concrete (‘‘hempcrete’’) manufactured by a projection process”, in Construction and Building Material,. vol. 22, 2008, pp. 2116–2123.
[4] P.B. de Bruijn, K.H. Jeppssona, K. Sandinb, Ch. Nilssona, " Mechanical properties of lime–hemp concrete containing shives and fibres”, Biosystems Engineering, vol. 103, 2009, pp. 474-479.
[5] A.B. Thomsen, S. Rasmussen, V. Bohn, K. Nielsen, A. Thygesen, "Hemp raw materials: The effect of cultivar, growth conditions and pretreatment on the chemical composition of the fibres”, Risø National Laboratory Roskilde, Denmark, 2005.
[6] E. Gumuskaya, M. Usta, M. Balaban, "Carbohydrate components and crystalline structure of organosolv hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) bast fibers pulp”, Bioresource Technology. vol. 98, 2007, pp. 491–497.
[7] M. Karus, D. Vogt, "European hemp industry: cultivation, processing and product lines”, Euphytica 140, pp. 7-12.
[8] N.Z. Azwa, B.F. Yousif, A.C. Manalo, W. Karunasena, "A review on the degradability of polymeric composites based on natural fibres”, in Materials and Design, vol. 47, 2013, pp. 424-442.
[9] L. Kidalova, N. Stevulova, E. Terpakova, A. Sicakova, "Utilization of alternative materials in lightweight composites”, in Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 34, 2012, pp. 116-119.
[10] E, Terpakova , L. Kidalova, A. Estokova, J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, "Chemical modification of hemp shives and their characterization”, Procedia Engineering, vol. 42, 2012, pp. 1017-1028.
[11] L. Kidalova, "Determination of selected characteristics in hemp concrete”, Young Scientist: 3rd PhD. Student Conference of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Slovakia, 2011, pp. 1-6.
[12] N. Sombastsompop, K. Chaochanchikul, "Effect of moisture content on mechanical properties, thermal and structural stability and extruded texture of poly(vinylchloride)/wood sawdust composites”, in Polymer International, vol. 53, 2004, pp. 1210-1218.
[13] STN EN 12390-7, Testing hardened concrete, Part 7, Density of hardened concrete, 2011.
[14] STN EN 12087/A1, Thermal insulating products for building applications, Determination of long term water absorption by immersion, 2007.
[15] J. Cigasova, "Study of chemical changes in modified hemp hurds”, Juniorstav 2013: Proc. of 15 th Conference of PhD students. Brno: TU, 2013, pp. 1-7.
[16] J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, J. Junak, "Influence of binder nature on properties of lightweight composites based on hemp hurds”, International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies, vol. 5, 2013, no. 2, pp. 27-31.
[17] J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, A. Sicakova, J. Junak, "Some aspects of lightweight composites durability”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 32, 2013, pp.1615-1620.
[18] J. Cigasova, N. Stevulova, J. Junak, "Innovative use of biomass based on technical hemp in building industry”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 37, 2014, (in press).
[19] N. Stevulova, J. Cigasova, P. Purcz, I. Schwarzova, "Long-term absorption behaviour of hemp hurds composites”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions. vol. 39, 2014, (in press).
[20] N. Stevulova, J. Cigasova, E. Terpakova, J. Junak, A. Sicakova, A. Estokova, I. Schwarzova, "Chemically modified hemp hurds and testing the properties of composites”, Proc. of scientific papers of Institute of Environmental Engineering. Kosice: TU, 2013, pp. 125-137.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:67327", author = "N. Stevulova and I. Schwarzova", title = "Changes in the Properties of Composites Caused by Chemical Treatment of Hemp Hurds ", abstract = "The possibility of using industrial hemp as a source of natural fibers for purpose of construction, mainly for the preparation of lightweight composites based on hemp hurds is described. In this article, an overview of measurement results of important technical parameters (compressive strength, density, thermal conductivity) of composites based on organic filler - chemically modified hemp hurds in three solutions (EDTA, NaOH and Ca(OH)2) and inorganic binder MgO-cement after 7, 28, 60, 90 and 180 days of hardening is given. The results of long-term water storage of 28 days hardened composites at room temperature were investigated. Changes in the properties of composites caused by chemical treatment of hemp material are discussed.
", keywords = "Hemp hurds, chemical modification, lightweight composites, testing material properties. ", volume = "8", number = "5", pages = "449-5", }
